hnoos yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev ua pa, nws tsim muaj ntau yam laj thawj. hnoos tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog ntau yam kab mob, mob khaub thuas, ua xua. Koj tuaj yeem kho tus kheej tsuas yog thaum mob khaub thuas lossis mob khaub thuas me me. Rau txhua yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Cov lus qhia dav dav rau kev kho hnoos
Txhais qhov hnoos qhuav thiab ntub. Thaum qhuav, irritation ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias tshwm sim thiab ib tug hnoos reflex yog provoked. Nws hloov zuj zus rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- mob ntawm lub ntsws thiab trachea;
- mob bronchitis;
- bronchial hawb pob;
- smoker's hnoos;
- nqus pa pa;
- nqus tau cov khoom txawv teb chaws.
Rau kev kho mob hnoos qhuav, siv cov tshuaj uas inhibit qhov hnoos reflex. Lawv tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj narcotic thiab non-narcotic, cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw sib txawv ntawm lub hlwb lossis ncaj qha rau ntawm cov receptors ntawm lub ntsws.
Nrog hnoos ntub, cov tshuaj expectorant thiab mucolytic tau sau tsegtshuaj. Lawv ua kom lub zais zis ntawm cov hnoos qeev thiab nyias nws kom zoo dua tshem tawm ntawm lub ntsws. Nrog hnoos ntub, cov tshuaj uas ua rau hnoos reflex yuav tsum tsis txhob siv. Tus expectorant yog siv rau hnoos thaum nws yuav tsum tau khiav tawm cov hnoos qeev los ntawm lub bronchi mus rau sab nraud.
Codeine
Codeine ua rau lub ntsws hnoos hauv hlwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws txo qis kev ua pa, thiab nrog kev siv ntev, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev vam khom tshuaj. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Ntawm cov kev phiv: cem quav, tsaug zog. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ke nrog cawv, tshuaj tsaug zog, tshuaj kho mob thiab tshuaj psychotropic.
Codeine tshuaj:
- Caffetin;
- Neocodion;
- Kodipront;
- Y"Parakodamol";
- Codeterpin;
- "Solpadein".
Codeine feem ntau siv rau hauv kev npaj hnoos nyuaj. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj "Codelac". Cov tshuaj syrup, ntsiav tshuaj, tee yog tsim. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj xws li tshuaj uas ua rau kom lub zais zis ntawm bronchial mucus thiab nyias nws, expectorants.
Dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan yog ib qho analogue ntawm codeine ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Nws muaj tsawg dua kev phiv, contraindications rau kev siv, thiab cov compatibility yog tib yam li cov codeine.
Tshuaj raws li dextromethorphan:
- "Akodin";
- "Mucodex";
- Coldran;
- Coldrex Hmo;
- "Grippeks";
- "Atussin";
- Tussin Plus.
Non-narcotic antitussive
Cov tshuaj no xaiv qhov chaw hnoos hnoos. Tsis quav ntsej, tsis cuam tshuam txoj hnyuv motility. Thaum ua ntawv thov, muaj kev phiv tshwm sim tau: tsaug zog, poob siab, xeev siab, raws plab. Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob noj los ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua peb xyoos thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub.
- Glaucin hydrochloride (Bronholitin, Glauvent).
- Oxeladin (Tusupresque, Paxeladin).
- Butamirate citrate ("Stoptussin", "Sinekod").
Prenoxdiazine
Prenoxdiazine ua feem ntau ntawm qib receptors hauv bronchi. Nws me ntsis inhibits qhov chaw hnoos, muaj cov tshuaj loog hauv zos thiab tiv thaiv bronchospasm los ntawm kev tsim. Siv ceev faj thaum cev xeeb tub.
Prenoxdiazine-based tshuaj:
- "Libeksin".
- Glibexin.
ntsiav tshuaj nqos tsis zom, txwv tsis pub tus nplaig tuaj yeem ua tau.
Nrog kev tsim cov hnoos qeev hauv lub bronchi rau cov khaub thuas, cov tshuaj expectorants yog siv rau hnoos qhuav ua ke nrog mucolytics thiab antitussives (nrog rau cov hnoos qeev muaj zog). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj uas suppress hnoos reflex yog muab thaum hmo ntuj kom qhov hnoos tsis cuam tshuam nrog tus neeg mob pw tsaug zog. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov tsis xav tau, vim tias lawv yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev los ntawm txoj hlab pa.
Muajcov tshuaj yog ib tug ua ke ntawm ntau yam active tshuaj. Ntau yam ntawm lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom tshuaj: syrup, ntsiav tshuaj, capsules.
Ntawm no yog qee cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws siv los kho cov tsos mob hnoos.
Ambrobene
"Ambrobene" muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm syrup, tov, capsules thiab ntsiav tshuaj.
Cov tshuaj muaj xws li Ambroxol hydrochloride, uas yog ib qho analogue ntawm Bromhexine. Nws muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm thinning bronchial mucus, stimulating lub epithelium ntawm lub pa ib ntsuj av tau thawb lub mucous zais cia. Hauv kev kho mob "Ambrobene" nws raug nquahu kom haus dej kom ntau. Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub, nrog fructose intolerance thiab galactose malabsorption.
YBroncholithin
Bronholitin syrup muaj glaucine thiab ephedrine. Cov tshuaj no muaj ib tug ua ke ntawm bronchodilator thiab antitussive nyhuv: nws xaiv suppresses hnoos chaw, nthuav lub bronchi, tshem tawm o ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias. Tsis txhob muab tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua peb xyoos, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab lactating, cov neeg mob plawv. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv tshuaj.
Bronchicum
Cov khoom no muaj cov kua thyme tshuaj ntsuab extract. Nws muaj expectorant, anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator thiab antimicrobial kev txiav txim. Txo cov viscosity ntawm hnoos qeev thiab accelerates nws expectoration. Ua raws li ib tug expectorant syrup los yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm zaub raw cov ntaub ntawv rau kev npaj ntawm infusion. Tsis pom zoo thaum cev xeeb tub, gastritis, thiabcov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua rau lub hlis.
Coldrex
Ib tug expectorant syrup (guaifenesin). Cov tshuaj nkoos lub receptors ntawm lub plab, ua rau kom cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm hnoos reflex, txhim kho kev ua hauj lwm ntawm ciliated epithelium ntawm lub bronchi. Nws muaj ib tug enveloping thiab softening nyhuv ntawm lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub pa ib ntsuj av. Liquefies phlegm, pab txhawb nws tawm. Tsis txhob muab tshuaj rau cov kab mob ntawm lub plab, cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua peb xyoos. Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, tsaug zog thiab kiv taub hau, ntuav, raws plab.
Stoptussin
"Stoptussin" yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm syrup, ntsiav tshuaj thiab tee. Muaj guaifenesin thiab butamirate dihydrocitrate. Nws muaj cov tshuaj loog hauv zos rau ntawm bronchial mucosa, txo qhov hnoos reflex, thins hnoos qeev thiab txhim kho nws tso tawm rau sab nraud. Tsis txhob siv cov expectorants no rau hnoos qhuav thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 6 lub hlis, nrog myasthenia gravis thiab thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub.
Muk altin
Txhais raws li cov khoom xyaw tshuaj ntsuab (marshmallow cag). Tsim ib zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw ua pa, softens lub mucous daim nyias nyias thiab txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj. Nws raug pom zoo rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab thiab cov hnyuv (gastritis, ulcers). Nws yog qhov zoo los ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj no expectorant rau bronchitis, laryngitis thiab lwm yam kab mob ua pa (piv txwv li, nrog sodium bicarbonate).
tshuaj hnoos
Cov tshuaj npaj rau hnoos qhuav hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj muaj cov hmoov nyomthermopsis thiab sodium bicarbonate. Reflexively ua kom hnoos, ua kom cov hnoos qeev tso tawm thiab ua kom nyias nyias, ua kom lub ntsws ua pa. Kev noj tshuaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab thiab ntuav. Tsis txhob noj thaum cev xeeb tub thiab lactation, menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 12.
Yuav muab tshuaj dab tsi rau me nyuam
Feem ntau, txhua tus expectorants rau hnoos qhuav yog muab rau cov menyuam yaus txij li peb xyoos. Txog thaum muaj hnub nyoog no, tsuas yog cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muab tau:
- Bronchicum;
- Linkas;
- "Libeksin" - raws li kws kho mob tau sau tseg;
- "Sinekod" (tee);
- Stoptussin.
Syrups los yog daws yog muab rau cov me nyuam yaus kom nws yooj yim rau ua raws li cov tshuaj, ntxiv rau, flavors feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj.
Kev xav rau menyuam yaus txog ib xyoos:
- "Ambrobene" - raws li kws kho mob tau sau tseg.
- Khau tshuaj rau me nyuam qhuav.
Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj rau kev kho mob hnoos, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yog tias koj kub siab lossis ua haujlwm ntev ntev, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
