Qee tus neeg tsis ruaj khov ua ntej kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua xua, thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib hnov mob rau kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws rau hauv lub cev, txawm tias me me. Cov kev mob tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hnoos qhuav, mob caj pas, lacrimation, kua ntswg.
Kev ua xua tsis tuaj yeem suav tias yog ib qho kab mob sib cais. Es tsis txhob, nws yog ib qho cim ntawm kev ua pa sab sauv. Kev tsis haum tshuaj yog dab tsi? Vim li cas cov hnoos qhuav qhuav ua rau tus neeg laus tsis zoo, yuav kho li cas thiab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej li cas?
Allergy - yog dab tsi? Features
Kev tsis haum tshuaj yog cov lus teb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev noj cov neeg ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws. Tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj yog histamine, uas lub cev pib tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txhim kho, tso tawm ntawm lub hlwb.
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem inflammatory tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug saw, ua rau txawv manifestations nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob. Tej zaum cov no yog physiological lossis biochemical manifestations.
Histamine tau qhib sai sai, pib khi rau hauv bronchi (cov hnyuv) nrog H1 receptors. Yog li ntawd, lub lumen ntawm bronchi nqaim. Mucus accumulates nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav. Lub mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial pib o. Cov neeg mob yuav muaj:
- ua tsis taus pa;
- hnoos qhuav.
Yog tias koj tsis siv cov tshuaj kho mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tau piav qhia saum toj no, raws li kev tso tawm tshiab ntawm histamine rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, yuav rov ua dua ib ntus, thiab yog li - hauv lub voj voog vicious.
Txhob hnoos hnoos: ntau yam
hnoos qhuav yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb, raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom nkag mus rau cov tshuaj tsis haum rau hauv lub cev.
Tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob khaub thuas. Nta ntawm qhov tsos - tam sim ntawd (ntau zaus thaum hmo ntuj) nrog khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob caj pas. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj cov hnoos qeev ntau lawm.
Nws tshwm sim los ntawm hom:
- qhuav nrog qhov pib ntxov, tsis muaj bronchial sputum;
- moist nrog phlegm thaum hnoos.
Yuav tsum tau kho dab tsi? Nws yuav nyob ntawm seb hom hnoos li cas, vim cov tsos mob ntawm qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav thiab ntub dej yog qhov tshwj xeeb.
Vim li cas thiaj tshwm sim hauv tib neeg?
Kev ua xua tsis yog kab mob, tab sis tsuas yog kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau ntawm lub cev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev nkag mus ntawm lub cev txawv teb chaws. Nws manifest nws tus kheej li cas? Kev hnoos qhuav qhuav yog tshwm sim los ntawm qaug dab peg, tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoohauv cov kab mob ua pa. Cov no tuaj yeem yog:
- ntau yam tshuaj hauv tsev (ntxuav hmoov, tshuaj ntxuav tais diav, cua freshener);
- pwm cov poov xab zoo li cov kab mob (spores) thaum tib neeg nyob hauv qhov chaw ntub dej ntev ntev - lawv ua rau hnoos hnyav rau cov neeg uas xav tau;
- tsev neeg plua plav, uas muaj ntau nyob hauv tsev hauv pem teb, txee, rooj tog, txee;
- paj noob hlis thaum lub caij paj paj (sunflower, wormwood, birch, ragweed, poplar);
- tus tsiaj (wool, pub);
- qee yam khoom noj nrog dyes, additives thiab flavors nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, berries, zaub, tshuaj ntsuab);
- kev quav yeeb tshuaj;
- kev ua menyuam tsis taus hauv chav ntau dhau (kev tu cev ntau dhau) - cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 1 xyoos feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov niam txiv siv zog ntxuav, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog thiab lub cev tsis sib ntaus sib tua phom sij txawv teb chaws.
Diathesis, genetic predisposition, nyob hauv qhov chaw tsis zoo, thiab kev siv yeeb tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau hnoos hnoos hauv menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm kev rov qab los, kom tshem tawm cov kab mob pathological thaum hnoos tsuas yog ua tau tom qab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob tseeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov hnoos thiab mob khaub thuas (kev tawm tsam ntawm kev kis kab mob) txhawm rau coj kev kho kom raug.
Vim li cas ho hnoos heev thaum hmo ntuj?
Hmo ntuj, ib tug neeg pw tsaug zog, yog li cov hnoos qeev pib nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws.kab mob vim impossibility ntawm sai resorption. Yog li ntawd, hnoos qeev accumulates nyob rau hauv lub nasopharynx, tiv thaiv ua pa ib txwm, ua rau hnoos reflex. Kev ncig yog cuam tshuam raws li hnoos qeev accumulates.
Huab cua hloov hauv chav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam: qhuav thaum nruab hnub, txias thaum hmo ntuj.
Ntxiv nta
Cov hnoos qhuav qhuav feem ntau pib tshwm sim tam sim (sib tsoo), tam sim tom qab kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev nrog cov tshuaj tsis haum (ntev txog li tsib mus rau rau teev). Nws ua rau tib neeg tsis txaus siab ntau.
Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li tus mob khaub thuas, hnoos ua xua tuaj yeem kav ntev dua peb lub lis piam ua ke, feem ntau tsis ua rau kub taub hau, mob pob txha.
Lwm cov tsos mob dab tsi ua rau hnoos qhuav? Cov cim tseem ceeb ntxiv kom saib xyuas:
- chaw ua haujlwm ntawm cov hnoos qeev tsis muaj xim raws li nws khaws cia hauv lub bronchi thaum lub sijhawm hnoos ntev, tab sis tsis muaj cov ntshav txhaws, cov kua qaub;
- pab qhov ntswg;
- sneeze;
- lacrimation;
- pab mob hauv pliaj;
- pob khaus ntawm lub cev;
- o ntawm bronchial mucosa (lub ntsws li tsw tau nqus tau);
- ua pa nyuaj;
- kev txhim kho ntawm gag reflex;
- mob plab.
Ntau zaus, qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav hauv tus neeg laus yuav siv sijhawm ntev. Nws tuaj yeem kav ntev txog li ob peb lub hlis. Qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshaiTxij li thaum pathology dhau mus ntev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm pharyngitis, mob rhinitis, stenosis ntawm lub larynx, tsis tswj cov zis, tsis nco qab, o ntawm caj pas mucosa.
Yuav ua li cas nkag siab qhov ua rau hnoos hnoos?
Nws tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj tsis haum ntawm koj tus kheej, vim tias hnoos zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob khaub thuas. Nws kuj tseem pom nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv cov kab mob ua pa.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg muaj kev fab tshuaj tas li yuav tsum saib xyuas cov xwm txheej tas li thaum lawv nyob hauv lwm qhov chaw, sau rau hauv phau ntawv teev npe ntawm cov sij hawm tawm tsam tshwm sim thiab tom qab kev sib cuag dab tsi.
Tsuas yog kev kuaj tsis haum, kev kuaj mob theem yuav pab txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem.
Qhov txawv ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab hnoos khaub thuas
Cov tshuaj ua xua, thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, ua rau muaj kev ua xua ntawm bronchial mucosa, qhov tsos ntawm qhov hnoos qeev paroxysmal. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hnoos hnoos thiab mob khaub thuas:
- Ntsuag nrog rau kev ceeb ntshai.
- Seasonality, txij thaum exacerbations thiab cov tsos mob tsis kaj siab ntawm kev tsis haum hnoos qhuav feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau lub caij so (caij nplooj ntoos hlav-Autumn), tsawg zaus nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.
- Nyob hnoos thaum sib cuag nrog allergens, qhov chaw ntawm khaus.
Yuav ua xua tshwm tuaj yeem tshwm sim?
Qhov peculiarity ntawm hnoos nrog kev ua xua yog ib qho kev tshwm sim tshwm sim, tam sim ntawd tom qab kev sib cuag nrog irritants, thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Tus neeg hnoos thaum nws nqus tau. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab, tshuaj pleev ib ce, khoom siv ntaub pua plagkhoom.
hnoos hauv me nyuam
Kev ua xua tsis yog nyob ntawm hnub nyoog. Kev ua nruj ua tsiv feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos thaum:
- hnoos qhuav;
- pob tshab snot;
- pob khaus ntawm lub cev;
- lacrimation.
Yuav ua li cas yog tus menyuam hnoos qhuav? Cov kws tshaj lij muab cov lus teb hauv qab no. Yog tias tus me nyuam txhawj xeeb txog qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav, kev kho mob tseem ceeb yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, suav nrog qhov hnyav thiab hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov vitamins xav tau los txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv kev ua xua hnyav - saline nrog qabzib (kev tswj hwm hauv cov hlab ntsha) txhawm rau ntxuav cov ntshav ntawm cov khoom ua xua.
Antihistamines tsuas yog raug tso cai los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab hauv cov chav kawm me. Kev siv mus sij hawm ntev yog kev quav tshuaj, kev phiv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov niam txiv kom saib xyuas cov me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo. Thaum thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm diathesis ntawm lub puab tsaig, pob khaus ntawm lub cev, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob, tus kws kho mob ua xua.
Yog tus menyuam tsis haum, ces koj yuav tsum paub cov cai uas tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li:
- ntub dej ntxuav chav txhua hnub;
- ua pa hauv chav uas tus menyuam nyob hauv;
- cais tawm ntawm kev sib cuag nrog tsiaj yog tias hnoos ntau thaum hmo ntuj thaum nqus tau;
- ntxuav lub qhov ntswg tam sim ntawd tom qab kev sib cuag nrog cov allergens.
Txo cov qib ntawm histamine, txo qhov o thiab hnoos yuav pab tau cov tshuaj hauv qab no:
- "Fenistil" nrog rau kev siv menyuam yaus los ntawm ib hlis.
- "Tavegil", "Suprastin", txawm tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog, tsaug zog.
- Expectorants, mucolytics ("Muk altin", "Bromhexine", "Ambroxol", "Lazolvan") kom cov hnoos qeev, nqa tawm.
- Natural npaj (syrups) raws li tshuaj ntsuab.
ntsuas ntsuas
Rau cov kws kho mob, nws tsis yooj yim rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov hnoos tsis haum thaum cov neeg mob muaj qhov o ntawm cov mucous ntawm lub larynx, lacrimation, thiab mob caj pas.
Koj tuaj yeem tham txog qhov ua xua ntawm hnoos yog tias cov neeg mob twb tau kuaj pom tias muaj mob hawb pob, obstructive tracheitis, rhinitis, hay fever, bronchial hawb pob.
Kev kuaj mob - qhov sib txawv, kom tsis suav nrog lwm yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ENT. Nws yog raws li kev ntsuam xyuas scarification nrog rau daim ntawv thov ntawm ib qho allergen rau qhov chaw puas ntawm daim tawv nqaij, kom paub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv.
kev kuaj tsis haum tshuaj muaj contraindications: cev xeeb tub, SARS, khaub thuas, khaub thuas.
Cov txheej txheem xeem ntxiv:
- kuaj ntshav rau biochemistry;
- urinalysis;
- scarification test nrog 2-3 khawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij;
- prick test.
Thaum xaiv cov txheej txheem kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov theem ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, lub caij nyoog ntawm lub xyoo, lub sijhawm thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov tsos mob. Yog tias pom tus kab mob allergen, tus neeg ua xua yuav qhia:
- yuav ua li cas thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thaum muaj kev kub ntxhov;
- ntsuas ntsuas dab tsi los daws qhov kev tawm tsam.
Txoj cai ntawm kev kho hnoos
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ncua kev kho mob thiab kho tus kheej kom tsis txhob muaj kev noj qab haus huv. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, vim tias kev tsis haum tshuaj tsis raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Nws tshwm sim tias qhov hnoos tau ntev mus txog ob peb lub hlis. Thiab txawm tias cov tshuaj muaj zog tsis pab tshem tawm nws. Kev kho mob hnoos qhuav rau tus neeg laus yog dab tsi?
Cov lus qhia:
- Ntev, tshem tawm cov allergens.
- Kawm kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, glucocorticoids.
- Siv ntsuas kom tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev. Pab - cov tswv yim kho vajtse, cov zaub mov txawv pej xeem, desensitization.
Kev kho mob
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nrhiav tau cov tshuaj zoo rau cov hnoos qhuav qhuav. Tab sis ua ntej ntawm txhua yam koj xav tau:
- Txhua yam kev sib cuag nrog plua plav, tsiaj plaub hau, paj ntoo, paj ntoos.
- Rov xav txog kev noj mov thaum hnov mob rau qee yam khoom noj.
Ntawm no yog yuav kho qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav. Hauv plawv ntawm kev kho mob:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ("Loratadin", "Suprastin", "Claritin", "Zirtek", "Cetrin") nrog rau kev ua xua;
- chav nqus pa nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv ("Sinekod", "Libexin", "Codelac", "Dexamethasone");
- enterosorbents("Polysorb", "Polifepan", "Enterosgel");
- glucocorticoids ("Ingacort", "Benacort");
- tshuaj hnoos, tiv thaiv stenosis (o ntawm lub ntsws).
Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau hnoos qhuav? Kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev nqus pa nrog dej qab zib vapor inhalation, uas cov dej qab zib sov tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau nebulizers. Cov tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog azulene kuj yuav pab tau: yarrow, eucalyptus, chamomile, St. John's wort.
Tshuaj hnoos zoo los ntawm kev ntxuav, yaug qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg nrog ntsev kom ntxiv dag zog rau cov mucosa.
Kev tsis txaus siab
Txoj kev ua rau hnoos hnoos yog siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob hauv tsev kho mob. Ib chav kawm ntawm desensitization nrog kev qhia txog kev ua xua rau hauv lub cev hauv cov koob tshuaj me me yuav pab txo qis qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis zoo.
Cov txheej txheem kho vajtse hauv qab no yog siv tau:
- plasmapheresis kom tshem tawm qee yam tsis haum ntawm cov ntshav ntshav;
- hemosorption - cov txheej txheem tshem tawm cov tshuaj tsis haum los ntawm cov ntshav nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.
zaub mov txawv teb chaws
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev sib cuag nrog cov allergens, kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov me nyuam yog lawv niam lawv txiv haus luam yeeb). Thaum hnoos tshwm sim, nws yog qhov zoo rau tam sim ntawd pib ntxuav lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav (xws li caj pas) nrog cov tshuaj tsis muaj kua qaub los yog decoction ntawm chamomile. Lwm cov zaub mov zoo rau pej xeem:
- Bay leaf (npaj decoction). Brew ob peb nplooj nrog boiling dej (ib khob), insist,noj plaub khob peb zaug ib hnub twg.
- Dub radish. Nyem tawm cov kua txiv tshiab los yog insist nrog ntxiv ntawm zib mu. Noj ib teaspoon peb zaug ib hnub twg.
- Npaj cov sau: licorice (hauv paus 30 grams), calendula (paj 50 grams txhua), dill (kaum grams) ncuav boiling dej (ib nrab ib liter ntawm kua yog txaus). Boil rau 10-15 feeb ntawm hluav taws, lim. Noj 50-60 grams ib zaug tom qab noj mov.
- Thyme txo qis cov tsos mob hnoos qhuav. Brew ib teaspoon rau ib khob ntawm boiling dej. Haus cov infusion tshiab.
Thaum lub sijhawm kho, nws tseem ceeb heev kom haus dej huv ntau dua, vim tias tsis muaj nws koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem rov qab sai.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Yog tias koj ua raws li kev tiv thaiv yooj yim, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hnoos hnoos. Nqe:
- muab tus cwj pwm phem (kev haus luam yeeb);
- kho cov zaub mov kom suav nrog cov khoom ntuj tsis muaj dyes (flavors);
- tsis kam siv tshuaj abrasive hauv tsev, tshuaj pleev ib ce;
- taug kev ntau dua;
- ua kis las;
- ntub tu ob lossis peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam;
- noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum hnoos tshwm sim;
- mus saib ecologically huv cheeb tsam, sanatoriums ntau zaus.
Zoo kawg
Kev tsis haum yog ib yam kab mob ntev uas feem ntau haunts cov neeg mob thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej. Qhuav hnoos hnoos nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus thiab ib tug me nyuam yog feem ntaucov tsos mob. Ua raws li cov kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo, kev tswj hwm txoj kev noj qab haus huv yuav pab cuam tshuam cov tsos mob, ua tiav qhov kev tso cai ruaj khov.
Yog tias muaj kev tawm tsam, cov neeg uas xav tau yuav tsum nkag siab yuav ua li cas kho qhov hnoos qhuav qhuav lossis txo cov tsos mob tsis zoo hauv tsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, vim hais tias kev tsis zoo nyob rau hauv lub cev ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntev (nws tuaj yeem ua mob rhinitis lossis hawb pob).
