Tib neeg lub hlwb yog ib tug complex mechanism ntawm lub cev, uas tsis yog tag nrho to taub thiab kawm. Tau ntau pua xyoo, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim ua kom tiav tag nrho nws qhov tsis meej. Qee lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav, raws li qhov tsis zoo los yog malignant neoplasms tsim nyob rau hauv nws. Ib qho ntawm cov qog hlwb benign yog arachnoid cyst. Nws yog ib tug nyias-walled neoplasm uas yog ntim nrog cerebrospinal kua. Lub plhaub ntawm lub cyst muaj arachnoid (arachnoid) daim nyias nyias ntawm lub hlwb. Cov kab mob no feem ntau kuaj tau los ntawm lub caij nyoog thaum kuaj rau lwm tus kab mob.
Problem Description
Arachnoid cyst yog ib qho benign neoplasm nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov arachnoid mater, nws tau ntim nrog cerebrospinal kua (CSF). Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm neoplasm, arachnoid daim nyias nyias ntawm lub paj hlwb yog thickened, nws muab faib ua ob nplooj ntawv, nruab nrab ntawm cov kua cerebrospinal accumulates. Lub cyst feem ntau muajme me, tab sis thaum nws loj hlob tuaj, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb cortex, uas provokes qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo ntawm tus kab mob.
Arachnoid CSF cyst tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv. Feem ntau, cov qog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub cerebellopontine lub kaum sab xis, lub cev nqaij daim tawv, los yog saum toj no lub eeb Turkish. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv kho mob, pathology tau pom nyob rau hauv 4% ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pej xeem, feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov poj niam muaj zog. Feem ntau, neoplasm tsis pom cov tsos mob ntawm kev loj hlob, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus neeg mob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm xws li benign neoplasms li retrocerebellar thiab arachnoid cyst ntawm lub hlwb. Hauv thawj kis, cov qog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, thaum qhov thib ob loj hlob ntawm nws qhov chaw.
Hauv cov tshuaj, congenital thiab kis tau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pathology yog qhov txawv. Hauv thawj kis, neoplasm pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub. Tau txais pathology tsim los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm lub hlwb, TBI, kev phais, thiab lwm yam.
Zoo li lub cyst retrocerebellar, ib qho arachnoid cyst yog ib qho kev tsim zoo uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev phais. Qhov no neoplasm tsis metastasize thiab tsis hloov mus ua qog nqaij hlav.
Ntau yam ntawm pathology
Raws li cov yam ntxwv morphological, nws yog ib txwm ua kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov hlwv yooj yim uas muaj cov hlwb ntawm arachnoid daim nyias nyias (lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog lub peev xwm tsim cov cawv), thiab cov kab mob nyuaj, uas suav nrog lwm tus.cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim neoplasm, hom neoplasm no tsis yog coj mus rau hauv tus account, cov kws kho mob coj mus rau hauv tus account tsuas yog cov etiological kev faib tawm ntawm pathology.
Raws li kev kho mob, arachnoid cyst ntawm lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem ua tiav, uas yog qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce hauv cov tsos mob vim qhov nce ntawm nws qhov loj, thiab khov, uas tsis loj hlob thiab muaj cov kab mob latent. Hauv cov tshuaj, ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm hom cyst raws li qhov kev faib tawm no, txij li kev kho ntawm pathology nyob ntawm qhov no.
Los ntawm qhov chaw, neoplasms nyob rau thaj tsam parietal ntawm lub taub hau thiab ib qho arachnoid cyst ntawm thaj tsam ntawm lub cev yog qhov txawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hlwv zoo li no tuaj yeem txhim kho nyob rau hauv lub lumbar qaum thiab hauv tus txha caj qaum.
Ua rau kab mob
Lub hauv paus, los yog lub hauv paus, cyst tshwm sim vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsim ntawm subarachnoid chaw lossis arachnoid daim nyias nyias raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov txawv txav hauv lub cev hauv lub sijhawm pib ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub. Tom qab ntawd lub arachnoid yog ntim nrog cov kua ntshiab uas muaj tib yam li cov kua cerebrospinal. Cov yam tsis zoo uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob no suav nrog kev cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab ntawm cov kab mob intrauterine, intoxication ntawm lub cev ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub, nws tus cwj pwm phem, raug hluav taws xob, overheating.
Secondary, los yog tau txais, arachnoid cyst ntawm lub hlwb tsim los ntawm cov teeb meem tom qab yav dhau los o ntawm lub hlwb, TBI, hemorrhage nyob rau hauvsubarachnoid chaw, phais kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hlwb, nrog rau Marfan tus kab mob thiab agenesis, cerebrovascular kev huam yuaj. Yog hais tias kev loj hlob ntawm lub cyst raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ib yam kab mob, ces nws yuav muaj cov caws pliav.
Cyst loj hlob
Neoplasms hauv lub hlwb tuaj yeem loj hlob rau cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- nce CSF siab hauv lub cyst.
- Kab mob ntawm meninges los ntawm kev kis kab mob lossis arachnoiditis.
- Kev mob rau tus neeg uas muaj cyst ua ntej.
Yog qhov loj ntawm cov qog loj, txhais tau hais tias lub hlwb txuas ntxiv cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm.
Cov tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia ntawm pathology
Arachnoid cyst qhov ntau thiab tsawg tuaj yeem sib txawv, yog li cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim lawv tus kheej hauv ntau txoj kev. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no raug tshawb pom thaum kuaj mob nrog rau lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Qee zaum cov neoplasm qhia cov tsos mob tsis zoo thiab txaus ntshai, yog li ntawd, hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau kho. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog vascular, kis kab mob lossis puas hlwb puas tsuaj.
Txij li cov kab mob arachnoid feem ntau ntawm sab laug lossis sab xis ntawm lub cev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, ntuav, kiv taub hau. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, ataxia thiab paresis, kev puas siab puas ntsws, convulsions, hallucinations yuav tshwm sim.
Yog neoplasmtsim nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb qia, nws provokes cov tsos ntawm intervertebral hernias, cuam tshuam cov kev ua ntawm ib co kab mob. Qee zaum, tus kab mob ua rau cov hydrocephalus thib ob, thaum qhov kev phom sij ntawm cov kab mob no nyob rau hauv qhov ua tau tawg ntawm lub cyst.
Thaum muaj ntau cov kua cerebrospinal accumulates nyob rau hauv lub neoplasm, nws pib loj hlob, intracranial siab tshwm, neuralgia, qhov xwm ntawm cov chav kawm ntawm uas yuav nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw ntawm lub cyst. Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm, cov cim tshiab ntawm pathology yuav tshwm sim. Feem ntau ib tug neeg muaj lub siab ntawm lub qhov muag, tsis hnov lus thiab tsis pom kev, qhov tsos ntawm yoov ua ntej lub qhov muag, loog loog ntawm cov ceg, dysarthria. Qee zaum, arachnoid cyst, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw uas nws kim heev, ua rau tsis nco qab thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus mob convulsive. Qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag ntawm cov tsos mob neuralgic qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm uas compresses lub hlwb. Thaum lub cyst ruptures, kev tuag tshwm sim. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob, irreversible degenerative txheej txheem tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb cov ntaub so ntswg. Tab sis cov tsos mob ci ntsa iab ntawm pathology tsuas yog pom hauv 20% ntawm cov neeg mob.
ntsuas ntsuas
Vim tias feem ntau, arachnoid cyst tsis pom cov tsos mob, qhov kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm kev kuaj thiab ntsuas ntsuas. Qhov chaw thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qog pab tsim MRI thiab CT. Tom ntej no, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum nrhiav kom paub qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob. Rau qhov no nwsassigns:
- Kev kuaj ntshav rau ntshav txhaws thiab qib roj cholesterol.
- Dopplerometry ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm caj dab thiab lub taub hau.
- Tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov hlab plawv thiab vascular.
- saib ntshav siab.
- YElectroencephalography.
- Rheoencephalography.
- Kev kuaj mob neuroinfections thiab kab mob autoimmune.
Differential Diagnosis
Tus kws kho mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob xws li subdural hygroma, epidermoid cyst, mob subdural los ntshav, hemangioblastoma, astrocytoma, abscess, encephalitis, mob stroke, nrog rau cov hlwv uas tsis yog qog thiab neurocysticercosis, metastatic hlwb hlav.
Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho, tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig, txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau ntawm tus kab mob thiab txhim kho kev kho mob.
Kev kho mob
Yog arachnoid cyst me me thiab tsis pom cov tsos mob, tsis muaj kev kho mob. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob raug saib xyuas, tau txais MRI txhua xyoo.
Thaum lub cyst loj, nws pom cov tsos mob, provokes kev loj hlob ntawm qaug dab peg thiab hemorrhages, ces tus kws kho mob qhia kev phais. Kev khiav hauj lwm raug sau tseg nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub cyst, nce nyob rau hauv intracranial siab, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm rupture ntawm lub neoplasm, tshwm sim ntawm tsis zoo cov cim qhia ntawm pathology uas tiv thaiv tus neeg mob los ntawm kev nyob.
Hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub, txoj kev endoscopic feem ntau yog siv rau lub hom phiaj no, uaspiercing lub neoplasm thiab tso tawm cov kua cerebrospinal los ntawm nws. Yog hais tias muaj contraindications rau lub lag luam no, nws muaj peev xwm siv shunting los yog microneurosurgical phais, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub arachnoid cyst ntawm lub hlwb raug tshem tawm.
Tshuaj
Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj antioxidants uas pab txhawb kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlwb hauv lub hlwb kom intracranial siab, cov tshuaj nootropic kom saturate hlwb hlwb nrog oxygen.
Kom normalize intracranial siab, cov kws kho mob feem ntau sau tshuaj kho rau ob peb chav kawm ib xyoos nrog Diakarb. Tshuaj ntsuab uas pab txo cov ntshav siab kuj yuav raug sau tseg, xws li omentum, violet, dub elderberry, los yog horsetail.
Huab cua
Arachnoid cyst nrog kev kho kom raug thiab raws sijhawm muaj kev pom zoo. Nrog ib tug thib ob neoplasm, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj kev kho mob, ib tug tseem ceeb deterioration nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob tus mob tshwm sim, nws yuav tsim teeb meem uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog ib tug tsis meej pem ntawm lub siab lub ntsws functions, cov tsos ntawm hydrocephalus thiab txawm tuag. Qee lub sij hawm cov hlwv tshiab tuaj yeem tsim, qhov loj hlob uas yuav ua rau lub paj hlwb hemorrhage. Kev kuaj MRI tsis tu ncua ua rau cov kws kho mob saib xyuas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thiab ua rau kev kwv yees txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem, uas yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev phais mob tsis tsim nyog.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
YogRaws li ib tug congenital pathology pib tsim txawm nyob rau hauv lub prenatal lub sij hawm, txoj kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog saib xyuas lub cev xeeb tub noj qab haus huv, tshem tawm kev quav tshuaj thiab raug rau co toxins, hluav taws xob thiab carcinogens. Txoj kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yog kev tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm fetal hypoxia.
Secondary pathology yog tiv thaiv tau, vim qhov ua rau ntawm nws tshwm sim yog thawj kab mob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tsim cov neoplasms hauv lub hlwb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov ntshav siab, qib roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav, kho cov kab mob sib kis thiab cov kab mob autoimmune raws sijhawm, ua raws li cov lus pom zoo thiab cov tshuaj ntawm kws kho mob tom qab concussion lossis phais cov txheej txheem.
Results
Arachnoid cyst tuaj yeem ua mus rau ntau txoj hauv kev. Feem ntau, nws tsis pom cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob, yog li nws tsis tas yuav muaj kev kho mob tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev phom sij tseem ceeb yog qhov kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm; yog tias kuaj pom lig, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg tsis taus vim muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab tseem ua rau tuag taus. Raws li qhov teeb meem tom qab kev ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm cov cyst, qhov rov tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob no kom tsis tu ncua kev kuaj mob siv MRI txhawm rau tswj kev loj hlob ntawm cyst. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm teb tau raws sijhawm rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathology thiab tshem tawm nws.
