Hauv lub hauv siab kab noj hniav muaj ib daim nyias nyias - lub pleura. Nws yog tsim los tso cai rau lub ntsws txav mus los ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab ua pa kom zoo. Nruab nrab ntawm nws cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog cov dej ntub dej.
Pleurisy yog ib qho mob ntawm daim nyias nyias uas txwv txoj kev txav ntawm lub ntsws. Thaum lub sij hawm piav qhia, ib tug fibrous plaque ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv nws nto. Pleurisy feem ntau tshwm sim raws li qhov teeb meem ntawm lwm yam kab mob.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Pleuritis yog ib qho mob ntawm daim ntawv pleural, uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kua dej ntau dhau hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm daim nyias nyias. Tsuas yog qee zaum, pleurisy tuaj yeem yog tus kab mob ywj pheej. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, feem ntau nws ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm lwm yam kab mob thiab kab mob hauv lub cev.
Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog ua tsis taus pa, ua tsis taus pa, hnoos, ua npaws. Cov txheej txheem sib kis, mob hauv siab, neoplasms tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim zoo li no. Pleurisy feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg mob ntsws.
Txawm li cas los xij thiabtheem ntawm chav kawm, pleurisy yog ib qho mob hnyav heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Txoj kev kho mob tau zoo heev yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob raug tau ua raws sijhawm thiab kev kho mob nyuaj tau pib, thiab tus neeg mob ua raws txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.
Kev faib tawm
Muaj ntau hom kab mob pleurisy, uas tau muab faib ua feem ntau ntawm qhov mob. Muaj fibrinous thiab effusion pleurisy. Daim ntawv qhuav yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tso nyiaj ntawm fibrin rau ntawm pleura, uas yog cov ntshav plasma protein. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kua yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi, uas ua rau kom muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm lub pleura. Qhov no provokes qhov tshwm sim ntawm mob rhiab heev. Fibrous pleurisy yog hais txog thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob no, tom qab ntawd cov exudative daim ntawv pib tsim.
Effusion pleurisy yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov kua dej ntau ntxiv hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm lub ntsws, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov khoom nruab nrog cev. Daim ntawv no ntawm pathology yog nrog los ntawm kev nce hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov txhab thiab o. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog effusion pleurisy, pleural hnab tshos pib tsim, uas cov kua paug accumulates tom qab ib pliag. Raws li qhov txo qis hauv lub ntsws ntim, ua pa tsis ua haujlwm maj mam txhim kho.
Raws li etiology, pleurisy tuaj yeem kis tau thiab tsis kis. Cov ntaub ntawv kis mob muaj xws li:
- Bacterial.
- Parasitic.
- Fungal.
- tuberculosis.
Ntxhais kab mob yogqog, raug mob, enzymatic, thiab kuj provoked los ntawm tej yam kab mob. Hom kev puas tsuaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov hemorrhages tseem ceeb thaum lub sternum raug mob, uas provokes lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov ntshav nyob rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav. Thaum tsis muaj suppuration, cov ntaub so ntswg tuab pib tsim, txwv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsws.
Nyob rau hauv hom kev raug mob hnyav, cov ntshav hauv lub ntsws kab noj hniav coagulates yuav luag tam sim ntawd. Qee zaum, sib xyaw hom kab mob yuav tshwm sim. Raws li qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov ntws, pleurisy tau muab faib ua:
- Spicy.
- Subacute.
- Chronic.
Raws li thaj chaw ntawm kev faib tawm, nws tuaj yeem nthuav tawm lossis txwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv yuav yog nyob rau hauv qhov xwm ntawm effusion. Hauv qhov no, cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob pleurisy:
- Seropurulent.
- Serous.
- Purulent.
- Hlub.
- Hemorrhagic.
Cholesterol.
Qhov mob me tshaj plaws yog daim ntawv fibrinous, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib sau me me ntawm fibrin thiab cov kua dej tsawg kawg nkaus. Daim ntawv purulent ntawm tus kab mob no tshwm sim heev heev thiab yog yus muaj los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kua paug ntawm lub pleural nplooj ntawv, uas yog nrog los ntawm cov cim ntawm intoxication ntawm lub cev. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg txoj sia.
Kev txhim kho theem
Muaj ntau theem ntawm pleurisy, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov tsos mob sib txawv thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
Nyob rau theem 1, muaj kev tsim cov pleural ntau ntxivkua. Cov txheej txheem pathological no tshwm sim vim kev nthuav dav ntawm cov hlab ntsha muaj zog. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom lub cev sib xws thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv kev teb rau kev nkag mus ntawm tus kab mob. Cov kab mob lymphatic nyob rau theem no tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kua dej uas twb muaj lawm, yog li nws cov nyiaj tseem zoo li qub.
Nyob rau theem 2, fibrin pib tso rau ntawm pleura, uas muaj cov khoom nplaum. Qhov no provokes kev sib txhuam tseem ceeb ntawm cov nplooj ntawv pleura ntawm lawv tus kheej, uas ua rau tsim cov txheej txheem nplaum. Yog li ntawd, cov hnab me me tau tsim, thiab cov kua dej tawm ntawm lub pleural kab noj hniav yog qhov nyuaj. Vim lub tsub zuj zuj ntawm pathological kua, cov txheej txheem ntawm suppuration pib, thiab cov kua paug provokes o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ze. Qhov no cuam tshuam cov dej ntws tawm los ntawm cov lymphatic system.
Nyob rau theem 3, muaj kev rov qab los lossis hloov mus rau theem ntev. Daim ntawv mob ntev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis hauv lub ntsws mus, nce qhov tuab ntawm lub pleura, thiab kev tsis zoo ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ntawm cov kab mob pathological. Qee zaum, pleural adhesions daim ntawv los yog ua tiav nrog cov fibers fibers tshwm sim.
Dab tsi ua rau kab mob
Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm pleurisy ntawm lub ntsws yog cov hauv qab no:
- Kev kis kab mob.
- Neoplasms.
- Kev mob rau lub sternum.
- Kev tsis haum tshuaj.
- Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm co toxins ntawm lub cev.
- tuberculosis.
Muaj tseebprovoking yam ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathology:
- Kev muaj kab mob ua pa.
- Kev quav cawv thiab haus luam yeeb.
- Txuag kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Npaj reflux.
Yeej, tus kab mob no tshwm sim thaum cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cheeb tsam pleural. Kev kis kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm huab cua los ntawm cov kua dej, los ntawm cov kab mob lymphatic, ntshav.
Key Features
Cov tsos mob ntawm pleurisy feem ntau nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob. Hom qhuav ntawm tus kab mob manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntse, stabbing mob nyob rau hauv lub sternum, uas yog aggravated los ntawm txham, hnoos, txav thiab ua pa heev. Txhawm rau txo qhov mob, tus neeg mob pw ntawm thaj tsam ntawm qhov mob kom txwv kev txav ntawm lub hauv siab.
Nrog rau hom kab mob apical, uas yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob ntsws, koj tuaj yeem hnov lub suab ntawm kev sib txhuam pleural. Cov leeg ua nruj thiab mob. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm pleurisy yog cov hauv qab no:
- Kub nce.
- Nyob hws hmo ntuj.
- Nyob tsis muaj zog.
- Ntxhais.
Thaum tuberculosis tshwm sim, pleurisy kav ntev heev thiab feem ntau nrog cov kua dej tso rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav. Nrog rau qhov chaw diaphragmatic ntawm tus kab mob, cov cim qhia ntawm pleurisy ntawm lub ntsws yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hnov mob hauv qab tav, hauv plab kab noj hniav thiab hauv cheeb tsam sternum. Lub plab nias yog me ntsis nruj, flatulence tshwm simthiab hiccups.
Nrog rau hom exudative ntawm chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, muaj qhov mob npub ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam, nrog rau hnoos heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub suab nrov yog hnov, hnov qhov hnyav ntawm sab, ua tsis taus pa, cyanosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kuj tseem muaj cov tsos mob ntawm pleurisy:
- Poob qab los.
- tawm hws ntau dhau.
- Kub nce.
- qaug zog heev.
Empyema ntawm pleura tshwm sim nrog ua daus no, thiab nrog hom kab mob serous, ntshav tawm. Yog hais tias tus kab mob tau provoked los ntawm lupus erythematosus, ces o ntawm pob qij txha thiab ob lub raum, pericarditis koom nrog cov cim qhia. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm metastases, cov kua dej pathological accumulates qeeb qeeb, yog li cov pathology yuav luag asymptomatic.
Chylous pleurisy yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov kua nruab nrab ntawm lub pleural lobes zoo li mis nyuj. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim cov qog malignant ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav. Lawv kev ncaj ncees yog tawg, lymph nkag mus rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav. Ntawm cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm pleurisy yog kub taub hau, mob hauv qab tav, ua pa nrawm, hnoos, uas pib qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd kis nrog hnoos qeev.
Diagnostics
Kev kuaj mob ntawm pleurisy yog tsim los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas. Kev kuaj mob suav nrog cov kws kho mob hauv qab no:
- Kev xam phaj tus neeg mob.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas sab nraud.
- Mloog lub ntsws thiab lub siab.
- kuaj zis thiab ntshav.
- X-raykawm.
- Sputum analysis.
- Kev kuaj ntshav pleural.
Tom qab kev kuaj mob tiav, tus kws kho mob xaiv txoj kev kho mob.
Txoj Kev Kho Mob
Thaum kuaj pom pleurisy, cov lus pom zoo hauv chaw kho mob yuav tsum tau ua raws li nruj me ntsis txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov pib ua rau provoked qhov pib ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Thaum xub thawj, cov kev kho mob yuav tsum yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus kab mob thawj zaug thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv. Ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho pleurisy, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum paub qhov txawv:
- Drug therapy.
- Nkauj Hmoob.
- Kev cuam tshuam kev phais.
Tom qab resorption ntawm cov exudate accumulated, tus neeg mob tau muab cov txheej txheem kho lub cev ntawm kev kho mob, ua pa tawm thiab ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tawm dag zog rau pleurisy, vim tias kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb yuav pab kom hnoos tau yooj yim.
Siv tshuaj kho mob
Kev kho mob pleurisy yuav tsum muaj kev qhia dav. Cov tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis ua ntej siv lawv, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob. Txij li thaum tus kab mob feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob mus rau hauv lub pleura, cov tshuaj tau muab tshuaj los tshem tawm tus kab mob.
Tshuaj tua kab mob rau pleurisy yog muab, vim hais tias feem ntau nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob tus biomaterials noj rautshawb fawb, cov kab mob pathogenic tau pom. Ua ntej, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav, thiab tom qab ua kev tshawb fawb thiab txiav txim siab tus kab mob, lawv tau sau tshuaj tshwj xeeb.
Qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm pathology. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau tshaj plaws rau pleurisy yog Ampicillin, Clindamycin, Imipenem, Ceftriaxone.
Tus kab mob no nrog rau qhov mob siab. Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov mob, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (Ibuprofen, Meloxicam, Diclofenac, Nimesil.) thiab glucocorticoids tau qhia. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb tshaj tawm rau cov neeg mob yog Prednisolone.
Thaum pleurisy, cov kab mob lom tib neeg lub cev nrog cov tshuaj lom. Lawv provoke cov txheej txheem ntawm lwj nyob rau hauv lub cev. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov co toxins thiab cov kab mob tuag, kev kho detoxification yog siv, uas suav nrog:
- Ntshav ntshav qab zib infusion.
- Detoxifying tshuaj "Albumin" lossis "Atoxil"
- YDiuretics ("Furosemide").
Kev haus dej ntau tsis tau sau tseg, vim tias cov kua dej ntau dhau ua rau muaj kev haus dej ntau ntxiv. Yog tias muaj qhov kub thiab txias nrog pleurisy, yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, vim nws yog nws lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj immunomodulators tau muab tshuaj los ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev"Timogen", "Imudon". Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem noj cov vitamin complexes.
hnoos nrog pleurisy yog kho nrog tshuaj tshwj xeeb antitussive, nrog rau expectorants. Tus kws kho mob xaiv cov tshuaj ib leeg nkaus xwb, nyob ntawm qhov hnoos.
Thaum noj tshuaj tua kab mob, cov hnyuv microflora cuam tshuam. Txhawm rau kho nws, probiotics raug sau tseg. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv, tab sis feem ntau cov kws kho mob sau Acipol, Linex, Bifiform.
Txoj kev tshuaj ib txwm siv
tshuaj ntsuab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Koj muaj peev xwm noj tws horseradish paus tov nrog txiv qaub kua txiv. Dos inhalations yog dav siv los tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawm lub ntsws. Koj yuav tsum tau ua ib lub slurry los ntawm cov dos nruab nrab thiab hloov mus rau lub thawv loj. Tom qab ntawd kaw koj ob lub qhov muag, qaij koj lub taub hau rau qhov gruel thiab nqus cov pa hauv koj lub qhov ncauj.
Rau kom tshem tawm sai ntawm cov kua hauv lub cev, koj yuav tsum tau zom cov hauv paus ginseng, hloov mus rau hauv daim ntawv compression nrog cov qhov me me, tom qab ntawd qhwv nws nrog cov ntaub qhwv thiab siv rau hauv lub plab. Tom qab ntawd qhwv tag nrho nrog ib daim ntaub sov.
txhawm rau pab txhawb kev expectoration thiab rov qab kho cov alveoli, tus neeg mob tau pom cov kab mob ntsws, nrog rau cov decoction npaj los ntawm cov hauv paus licorice, ledum, nplooj nplooj. Fresh beetroot kua txiv yog ib qho tshuaj zoo. Nws kuj raug pom zoo kom noj cov beets tsis tu ncua.
Txo qhov o thiab tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau ntawm lub cevIb decoction ntawm chamomile thiab horsetail yuav pab tau. Cov kev kho mob pej xeem yuav tsis tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis yuav yog qhov zoo ntxiv rau kev kho tshuaj.
Surgery
Nrog pleurisy ntawm lub ntsws, kev phais yog ua thaum muaj tus kab mob hnyav. Feem ntau cov tshuaj pleural puncture. Nws cov ntsiab lus yog nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug tuab koob rau hauv lub pleural kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv lub zos tshuaj loog, los ntawm uas ib feem ntawm cov kua yog npaum li cas.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tswj hwm zoo li no, lub siab ntau dhau ntawm lub ntsws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, uas normalizes tus neeg mob txoj kev ua pa thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws yog qhia rau qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho tshuaj, nrog rau kev kho mob nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug hnyav chav kawm ntawm pathology, muaj peev xwm saib xyuas rau pleurisy yog yuav tsum tau. Nws suav nrog kev kuaj xyuas tsim nyog los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, ua cov txheej txheem, muab cov neeg mob nrog ib lub txaj so thiab noj zaub mov (daim ntawv 15), nrog rau siv cov ntaub qhwv rau hauv siab thiab qhuav cua sov ntawm sab ntawm lub ntsws uas raug cuam tshuam (ua tau thaum ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ib txwm muaj).
Ua raws li koj txoj kev noj haus
Thaum pleurisy tshwm sim, cov lus pom zoo hauv chaw kho mob suav nrog kev ua raws li kev noj haus nruj. Nws raug sau tseg, nyob ntawm tus kab mob uas provoked lub pathology nyob rau hauv lub pleura.
Khoom noj yuav tsum muaj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov vitamins thiab microelements muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov no yuav ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev thiab tag nrho lub cev. Ntxiv rau, koj yuav tsum zamnoj cov zaub mov hnyav. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb los kho cov kev haus dej haus cawv.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm pleurisy tuaj yeem txaus ntshai heev. Yog tias ua tsis taus pa tshwm sim tom qab kev kho mob, qhov no yuav qhia tau tias cov adhesions tau tsim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pleura, txwv tsis pub muaj lub ntsws txav thaum ua pa.
Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm pleurisy, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kev tiv thaiv, uas suav nrog:
- Tseem nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho mob.
- Ua raws li kev kho mob tom qab phais.
- Tiv thaiv hypothermia.
- Ua raws li kev cai huv.
- Nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub.
- Ntau qhov cua ntawm chav.
- Qu cawv thiab haus luam yeeb.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los kho txhua yam kab mob uas twb muaj lawm ntawm txoj kev ua pa kom raws sij hawm thiab ua tiav. Cov kev tiv thaiv no yuav pab tiv thaiv pleurisy thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Tom qab tso tawm hauv tsev kho mob, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua pa ua pa los ntawm kws kho mob kom rov ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lub ntsws. Kev tawm dag zog me me, yoga thiab taug kev sab nraum zoov tau pom.
