Pob ntseg dystrophy yog ib txheej kab mob ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau cov pob txha pos huab thiab txo qhov pom kev pom. Muaj tsawg zaus, tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pob txha dystrophy tshwm sim. Lub cornea yog lub pob tshab pob tshab ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam anterior. Nws suav nrog ob peb txheej: txheej tiv thaiv ntawm lub epithelium, ob txheej tiv thaiv ntawm Bowman's daim nyias nyias, ib txheej tuab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kua dej - stroma, txheej tom qab ciam teb - Descemet's membrane, thiab txheej sab hauv uas tshem tawm cov dej ntau dhau - lub endothelium. Retinal dystrophy cuam tshuam rau ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem no. Nyob rau hauv ib tug me me degree, qhov no yog qhia nyob rau hauv tsub zuj zuj ntawm tej ntaub so ntswg nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txheej.
Nyob ntawm kab mob
Lub pob txha muaj ntau ntau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab cov hom dystrophies tau muab faib raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg:
- Epithelial.
- Stromal.
- Endothelial.
- Membranous dystrophy.
PIB
Dhau li ntawm no, dystrophymuab faib ua thawj thiab theem nrab. Nws ntseeg tau tias thawj daim ntawv ntawm retinal dystrophy yog congenital, uas yog, nws yog ib hom kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau ob lub qhov muag. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm dystrophy yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kawm qeeb, thiab tus neeg mob pom thawj cov tsos mob ntawm nws tus kheej tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 30 xyoo. Kev kuaj mob yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm cov caj ces ntawm tus kab mob, yog li thawj daim ntawv ntawm dystrophy tsuas yog kuaj tau tom qab tshuaj ntsuam genetic.
Secondary
Secondary, tseem hu ua retina dystrophy, feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ib sab. Thiab nws tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kev raug mob, o, kev phais mob thiab ntau yam kab mob hauv tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov tshuaj muaj ntau tshaj li ob lub kaum os ntau yam ntawm corneal dystrophies thiab muab tso rau hauv peb pawg, vim hais tias cov txheej ntawm lub cornea raug cuam tshuam los ntawm tus kab mob. Superficial retinal dystrophy tsuas yog txuas mus rau anterior txheej - epithelial thiab Bowman's membrane. Tus kab mob, concentrated nyob rau hauv lub stroma, muaj nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm stromal retinal dystrophies. Hauv qeb thib peb yog cov txheej sib sib zog nqus dystrophies cuam tshuam rau Descemet's membrane thiab endothelium.
Yog vim li cas
Muaj ob peb yam ua rau pob txha dystrophy, yog li nws tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj dab tsi yog nws cov catalyst. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb suav nrog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim, tom qab ntawd los ntawm pathologies ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev hloov pauv tom qab mob neurotrophic, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob ntawm pob txha.los yog kev lag luam tau ua. Secondary corneal dystrophies tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological uas twb muaj lawm.
YPiv txwv li, tom qab kub hnyiab ntawm sclera los yog conjunctiva, kua muag tsis muaj peev xwm, collagenosis, congenital glaucoma, eversion thiab inversion ntawm daim tawv muag, nrog exacerbation ntawm keratoconus, vim beriberi. Mob ntshav qab zib retinopathy feem ntau tshwm sim hauv tus neeg mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv mus ntev hauv lub cev. Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha, thiab cov hlab ntsha me me tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Cov ntshav khiav hauv capillaries nce, tom qab uas nws tau txhaws tag, neovascularization thiab hemorrhage tshwm sim. Lub vascular system ntawm retina yog qhov tsis yooj yim heev, txhua qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm nws txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho kev cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm pob txha dystrophy. Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv ntau qhov ua rau muaj qhov caws pliav ntawm stratum corneum. Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, noj zaub mov lossis noj cov khoom tsis zoo ua rau dystrophy. Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cov dej cawv uas muaj cawv ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau retina ntawm lub qhov muag thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv kev txhim kho pob txha dystrophy. Yog tias tus neeg mob raug mob hnyav, tab sis tsis kho lawv mus txog thaum kawg, cov kab mob no los yog lawv cov txiaj ntsig yuav ua rau lub qhov muag tsis pom kev. Tib yam siv rau cov kab mob plawv thiab cov kab mob endocrine. Kev mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha, kev cuam tshuam ntawm metabolic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj qhov hnyav dhau, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj rau tus neeg mob.
Symptoms
thawj cov cim qhia ntawm epithelial dystrophy ntawm lub pob kws ntawm lub qhov muag tuaj yeem pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 10 xyoo, raws li txoj cai, tus kab mob tsis tshwm sim tom qab hnub nyoog plaub caug tsib xyoos. Retinal dystrophy yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis lawv cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv ib pawg ntawm cov cim. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm corneal dystrophy suav nrog:
- kev tsis zoo hauv kev pom kev pom;
- puag thiab o ntawm pob kws;
- mucosal hyperemia;
- tsis txhob tso kua muag;
- photophobia;
- mob;
- Sensation ntawm lub cev txawv teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag.
Lub ntsiab feature
Ib qho qhia tau hais tias stromal corneal dystrophy yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj loj hauv kev pom thaum sawv ntxov nrog kev txhim kho maj mam mus txog hnub kawg. Thaum hmo ntuj, noo noo accumulates nyob rau hauv lub pob ntseg cov ntaub so ntswg, nws pib maj mam qhuav tawm tom qab ib tug neeg sawv los thiab lub zeem muag rov zoo li qub.
Diagnosis
Yog tias koj xav tias pob txha dystrophy, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho qhov muag. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob siv lub teeb pom kev zoo. Ntxiv nrog rau txoj kev tshawb fawb siv lub teeb hlais, txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kom raug, tus neeg mob raug caw mus kuaj tag nrho. Nws yuav tsum muaj xws li: perimetry thiab visometry, ntsuas cov kua siab nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub qhov muag siv ultrasound, kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub conjuncture ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm lub qhov muag, kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub fundus, biomicroscopy, soj ntsuam kuaj ntawm pob txha infiltrate., OCT.
Yuav ua li cas kho pob txha dystrophy?
Txoj kev kho mob rau txhua qhov corneal dystrophies yog tib yam, txawm tias muaj ntau hom kab mob. Feem ntau, kev kho mob muaj xws li tshuaj los kho cov epithelium, qhov muag tee thiab tshuaj pleev. Qhov muag tee thiab tshuaj pleev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho cov ntaub so ntswg, tsim kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, txo qhov o thiab moisturize ntawm lub pob txha. Rau kev kho mob ntawm retinal dystrophy, xws li kev kho mob xws li Solcoseryl, VitA-Pos, Actovegin, Korneregel, vitamins thiab enzymes tsim nyog.
Nrog rau kev kuaj pom tseeb ntawm retinal dystrophy, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntxiv dag zog thiab nthuav cov hlab ntsha me hauv lub qhov muag. Angioprotectors thiab vascular du leeg relaxers pab nrog qhov no, pab pawg no suav nrog Complamin, Papaverine, No-shpa. Cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm clogging ntshav txhaws nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha - antiplatelet cov neeg sawv cev, feem ntau yog muab tshuaj rau tej qhov muag pathologies. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv "Clopidogrel" lossis "Ticlopidine". Cov tshuaj "Lucentis" inhibits kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab, thiab "Pentoxifylline" theem microcirculation ntawm cov ntshav thiab lymph nyob rau hauv lub retina. Rau kev kho mob ntawm dystrophies, tee "Oftan-Katahrom", "Taufon", "Emoxipin", "Balarpan" yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv nquag txhawb kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic thiab kho cov ntaub so ntswg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm o ntawm lub cornea, ntxivCov tshuaj tua kab mob "Levomitsetin", "Tobrex", "Floxal" raug sau tseg. Yog tias tsim nyog, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raug xaiv los pab kho cov epithelium. Tag nrho cov kev kho mob saum toj no yog tsim nyog rau thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob.
Physiotherapy
Txoj kev kho lub cev - electrophoresis thiab laser irradiation - yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob pob txha dystrophy. Tab sis physiotherapy tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus kab mob. Physiotherapy yog tsim los nres cov txheej txheem pathological thiab khaws cia tus neeg mob lub zeem muag.
Nyob rau hauv feem coob ntawm cov pob txha dystrophy, ib tug tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm uas tau xaiv tus kheej. Laser coagulation ntawm retina, vasoreconstruction, revascularization, vitrectomy los yog keratoplasty yog ua. Kev ua haujlwm kawg yog txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub cornea. Ib tug pub pub graft muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw tshem tawm. Raws li txoj cai, tom qab kev ua haujlwm, tus neeg mob tus mob zoo tuaj sai sai thiab tus kab mob yuav luag tsis rov ua dua. Muaj tsawg zaus, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau rov ua haujlwm dua.
Txoj kev ua neeg
Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm pob txha dystrophy, ua ke nrog cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj peev xwm daws tau cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob. Ntau tus neeg mob tau pab los ntawm hirudotherapy, uas yuav txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, txo cov ntshav qab zib, txo qhov mob thiab tshem tawm cov ntshav.yam phem. Lwm cov tshuaj muaj ntau yam tshuaj rau kev kho mob pob txha dystrophy. Kev tshuaj xyuas yog qhov zoo. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias muaj kev hem thawj ntawm retinal detachment, nws raug nquahu kom drip ib tug sib tov ntawm tshis mis nyuj thiab boiled dej rau hauv lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm ib mus rau ib tug. Lub qhov muag zoo yog tau los ntawm ib tug decoction ntawm celandine thiab ib tug sib tov ntawm decoctions ntawm cumin thiab cornflower. Tshuaj ntsuab tsis yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov tee muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sis feem ntau noj hauv qhov ncauj, piv txwv li, infusions los ntawm nplooj birch thiab lingonberries. Kev kho mob pob txha dystrophy nrog pej xeem cov tshuaj yog zoo heev. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Tsis muaj cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv pob txha dystrophy. Yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj ib tug genetic predisposition rau tus kab mob no los yog lwm yam qhov muag pathologies, ces txawm tias tsis muaj teeb meem, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib ib tug ophthalmologist. Cov neeg uas tau tsim kev kuaj mob ntawm retinal dystrophy, txhawm rau kom tsis txhob rov qab mob dua, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv ob zaug hauv ib xyoos. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv koj lub qhov muag los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog ultraviolet rays, uas yog, ntau li ntau tau, hnav tsom iav nrog tinted lo ntsiab muag. Nws yog txwv tsis pub nthuav tawm lub qhov muag rau kev ua haujlwm dhau, thaum ua haujlwm ntawm lub computer lossis nyeem ntawv, nws yuav tsum tau so. Corneal dystrophy, sab laug yam tsis muaj kev kho mob kom raug, thaum kawg ua rau tus neeg ua tiav qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab kev tsis taus tom ntej. Retinal dystrophies muaj qhov pom tau zoo yog tias tus neeg mob nrhiav kev pab raws sijhawmthiab ua tag nrho cov txheej txheem los ntawm kws kho mob. Yog tias tsis pom cov kab mob zoo li no, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yuav yog dav dav. Qhov ntawd yog, soj ntsuam kev pw tsaug zog thiab so kom raug, noj zaub mov kom zoo.
