Raws li kev txheeb cais, tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm cov tsev kho mob yog peb feem pua. Xws li cov pov tseg yog ib qho uas muaj kev phom sij tshaj plaws, yog li cov txheej txheem pov tseg tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Cov khib nyiab tsim tawm hauv txhua lub chaw kho mob muaj nws tus kheej cov qauv thiab kev faib tawm, suav nrog cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb:
- Accounting.
- Collection.
- Storage.
- Nyob.
Cov kev cai huv huv thiab kev kis kab mob (SanPiN) yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob, cov chaw kuaj mob, thiab cov kws tshaj lij uas koom nrog kev pov tseg kev kho mob pov tseg.
Cov khoom pov tseg kho mob
Lub cim ntawm kev kho mob pov tseg tsis suav tias yog qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb. Cov no tuaj yeem yog emissions tsis yog los ntawm tsev kho mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov chaw kuaj mob, cov chaw muag tshuaj thiab cov chaw muag tshuaj loj. Zoo li tej thoob khib nyiabpov tseg los ntawm cov tsev kho mob muab faib ua hom. Cov no suav nrog:
- YPlastic. Qhov no suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov hlwv, cov tshuaj inhalers, ntau lub hnab tshuaj, thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, cov yas zoo li no tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj residues yuav nyob twj ywm hauv cov pob khoom, thiab qhov no, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig. thiab tib neeg. Yas suav txog li 40 feem pua ntawm tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm cov pov tseg.
- Paper. Hom no suav tias yog kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws, txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov ntawv pob, xws li hauv cov yas, tej zaum yuav muaj cov tshuaj seem. Tag nrho cov emissions yog 30%.
- Khoom noj khoom haus pov tseg. Feem ntau cov no yog cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv tsis siv lossis cov khoom ploj lawm.
- iav. Nws tuaj yeem yog iav ampoules, jars, xeem raj, pipettes, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm tag nrho cov ntim hauv qhov hnyav yog 10%.
- Metal. Cov no yog koob, scalpels, tws, hniav, thiab lwm yam.
- Cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov ntshav, qaub ncaug, cov ntaub so ntswg, cov leeg, cov pob txha, rau tes, plaub hau, tso zis, quav, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb yog siv los pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg. Volume yog 20%.
- Tshuaj. Qhov no suav nrog cov tshuaj ncaj qha (tsis siv lossis tas sijhawm), cov tshuaj reagents thiab cov khoom siv kho mob.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Txhua yam ntawm cov khoom pov tseg kho mob muaj qee yam kev phom sij rau tib neeg thiab ib puag ncig feem ntau. Piv txwv li, qee cov tshuaj phem cuam tshuam rau av, dej, thiab nroj tsuag. Ua ntej rov siv dua, cov khoom pov tsegdecontaminate, raws li qee yam khoom tau raug cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov neeg mob uas tau pom tias muaj cov kab mob sib kis loj.
chav kawm tshuaj pov tseg pov tseg
Muaj kev kho mob pov tseg, muab faib ua cov chav kawm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txhua pawg ntawm cov pov tseg yuav tsum muaj ib tus neeg mus rau kev sau, khaws cia thiab pov tseg. Tias yog vim li cas hauv ib lub tsev kho mob lossis chaw tsim tshuaj yuav tsum muaj cov ntim cov xim sib txawv tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau kev sib cais ntawm cov khib nyiab. Kev siv zib ntab. pov tseg los ntawm kev phom sij yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Class A. suav tias yog qeb nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Qhov no suav nrog cov khoom siv pov tseg, cov khoom siv kho mob puas, cov ntawv sau, cov ntawv tsis muaj kab mob, rooj tog zaum, thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis muaj tshuaj lom uas tsis ua rau muaj kev sib kis. Qhov ntim ntawm cov khib nyiab ntawm chav kawm yog qhov loj tshaj plaws - 80%. Cov thawv ntim tau pleev xim dawb.
- Class B. Kev kho mob pov tseg ntawm chav kawm no raug cais raws li kev phom sij, vim nws raug pov tawm ntawm cov chaw kis kab mob thiab kab mob. Feem ntau, cov no yog cov cuab yeej uas muaj cov kab mob pathogenic, cov khoom siv organic, kua, thiab lwm yam. Qhov ntim ntawm cov pov tseg pov tseg yog nyob ntawm qhov profile ntawm lub tsev haujlwm lossis ntau lawm. Raws li kev txheeb cais, chav kawm B emissions tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 10 txog 50%. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov thawv yog xim daj. Raws li cov ntsiab lus rau kev sau, cov neeg ua haujlwm siv cov pob tshwj xeeb, tom qab uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tua kab mob thiab pov tseg cov khib nyiab.
- Class B. pov tseg yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. RauPawg no suav nrog cov cuab yeej kho mob uas muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov neeg mob hnyav nrog cov kab mob kis. Cov pa tawm los ntawm cov chaw kho mob phthisiatric thiab mycological lossis los ntawm cov chaw kuaj mob microbiological. Cov thawv ntim khoom yog xim liab. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov, pov tseg yuav tsum tau decontaminated nyob rau hauv recyclers. Xws li kev teeb tsa feem ntau yog nyob rau sab nraud cov tsev haujlwm thiab kev lag luam. Kev thauj cov khib nyiab kho mob hauv chav kawm B raug txwv nruj yam tsis muaj kev kis kab mob ua ntej.
- Qib D. Txhua yam tshuaj uas tas sij hawm, mercury, lossis cytostatics. Hais txog qib txaus ntshai, cov khib nyiab no zoo ib yam li kev lag luam. Lawv yog cov tshuaj lom heev, uas yog txaus ntshai heev rau tib neeg. Feem ntau, qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm chav kawm G pov tseg yog xa tawm los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw lag luam tshuaj, vim yog cov khoom siv tshuaj tsis raug, thiab lwm yam hauv qhov no, cov ntim khoom yog xim dub. Raws li SanPin cov cai, kev faib tawm thiab pov tseg ntawm zib mu. pov tseg tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, ua raws txhua tus qauv.
- Class D. Qhov no suav nrog cov pov tseg hluav taws xob. Cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab tsis txawv ntawm chav kawm G.
Txoj kev sau thiab pov tseg ntawm zib mu. khib
Packages yog siv los sau, tab sis lawv tsuas yog npaj rau kev pov tseg ntawm chav kawm A, B, C, D. Txhua pob rau kev pov tseg ntawm zib mu. khib nyiab yuav tsum muaj xim sib txawv. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) txheej txheej txheej, uas muab lub zog tsis muaj kua muag. Sab hauv txheej -Tsawg ntom polyethylene (LDPE). Rau lub impermeability ntawm lub hnab, muaj ib tug khi, uas yog ib tug indispensable khoom.
Ua ntej koj pib sau thiab pov tseg ntawm zib mu. pov tseg ntawm txhua chav kawm, lub taub hau ntawm lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau kos ib daim ntawv pov thawj - ib daim ntawv hla tebchaws thiab koom tes txhua yam nrog tus neeg ua haujlwm rau kev sau cov khoom pov tseg. Yog tsis muaj daim ntawv no, txwv tsis pub muaj tej yam kev kho mob pov tseg.
Leej twg tso cai
Tsis muaj xwm txheej yog cov neeg tsis muaj kev paub dhau los, uas tsis paub tag nrho cov cai thiab cov cai ntawm cov txheej txheem, tso cai rau lub xaib uas cov khib nyiab yuav raug sau lossis pov tseg. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev rau ib tus neeg. Txhua yam yuav tsum tau ua nruj me ntsis raws li cov cai ntawm kev huv huv thiab kev sib kis kab mob.
Tsheb thauj mus los pov tseg
Rau kev tshem tawm cov pov tseg kho mob, kev thauj tshwj xeeb nrog cov cim tsim nyog yog siv (chav A, B, C, D lossis D). Nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa lwm yam khoom hauv nws. Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, yog tias qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov pob khoom lossis cov thawv ntim tau tawg thiab cov pov tseg tau raug tshem tawm thaum raug thauj ncaj qha, kev ntsuas tau raug coj mus rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov txheej txheem decontamination ntawm lub tsheb.
Rau suav rau txhua hom thiab chav kawm ntawm cov khoom pov tseg kho mob, muaj cov ntawv xov xwm thev naus laus zis, uas yog tsim los ua kom cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntim ntim. Kuj suav nrog yog qhov hnyav, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, thiab lub npe ntawm lub tuam txhab shipping.
Rulespov tseg decontamination
Yuav tsum tau tshuaj tua kab mob, ua ntej muab ntim rau hauv lub hnab thiab ntim khoom, yog nyob rau hauv chav kawm B thiab C pov tseg. Kev tua kab mob tsis tas yuav tsum tau xa tawm sab nraum lub tsev kho mob, cov txheej txheem no tau ua nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm chav kho mob.
Raws li kev cai huv huv thiab kev sib kis, tshwj xeeb cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum tau tshuaj tua kab mob txhua hnub los ntawm cov neeg kawm tshwj xeeb ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob.
Txoj Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob
Cov hauv qab no yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab mob:
- tshuaj. Cov khib nyiab yog kho nrog cov kua uas muaj chlorine thiab lwm yam tshuaj tua kab mob. Yuav tsum tau tsuas yog rau cov zaub mov pov tseg lossis ntau tus neeg mob excretions.
- Ultra siab zaus kho hauv qhov cub.
- Hydroclaving - tshuaj tua kab mob nrog cov pa kub hauv qab lub zog siab.
Cov cai pov tseg
Nws muaj cov chaw tshwj xeeb thiab thaj chaw rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov khib nyiab kho mob ntawm txhua chav kawm raws li txhua tus qauv. Yog li, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kaw rau kev tua kab mob, khaws cia thiab pov tseg, yuav tsum muaj cov kab mob bactericidal thiab qhov cua zoo. Phab ntsa, khoom siv, rooj tog zaum thiab cov plag tsev yuav tsum tau ntxuav tas li thiab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam. Kev ntxuav ntub dej yuav tsum tau ua tsawg kawg 1 zaug hauv ib hnub, thiab 1ib hlis ib zaug.
Rau pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov kab mob lom thiab cov kab mob (cov pob txha, cov ntaub so ntswg, cov kabmob, cov leeg nqaij, thiab lwm yam), nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kev ntsuas rau kev faus rau hauv cov toj ntxas lossis kev faus rau hauv qhov cub. Kev tua kab mob ntawm cov pov tseg no tsis xav tau.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev rov siv cov khoom pov tseg, kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam yog ua tiav thiab siv lub cev siv los hloov qhov pom ntawm cov khoom pov tseg. Txoj kev uas feem ntau yog nias thiab crushing.
Yuav tsum muaj thiab txwv tsis pub
Muaj qee qhov kev txwv ntawm kev sau thiab khaws cov pov tseg kho mob. Cov no suav nrog:
- kev puas tsuaj ntawm chav kawm B thiab C pov tseg manually;
- pua khoom xoob;
- phau ntawv compaction ntawm pov tseg;
- sib cuam tshuam nrog pov tseg yam tsis muaj hnab looj tes lossis khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb;
- siv cov thawv mos los sau cov cuab yeej txaus ntshai (scalpel, forceps, koob, thiab lwm yam);
- kev teeb tsa ntawm qhov deb tsawg dua ib 'meter' los ntawm ib qho khoom siv cua sov rau cov thawv ntim khoom siv thiab siv pov tseg.
Kev phom sij ntawm kev pov tseg tsis raug kho mob
Vim qhov tsis saib xyuas cov cai, cov neeg koom nrog hauv lub koom haum thiab pov tseg zib mu. pov tseg tuaj yeem tsim kev kub ntxhov. Piv txwv li, txiav koj tus kheej nrog scalpel los yog yuam kev pricking koj tus kheej nrog ib rab koob siv. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav tsum tau muab kev pabcuam xwm txheej ceev. Ib qho kev nkag tsim nyog yog ua nyob rau hauv lub accounting cav txog qhov xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim, tom qabib qho kev coj ua yog kos rau hauv uas txhua yam tau piav qhia meej.
Yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau, khaws cia thiab pov tseg ntawm zib mu. pov tseg tsis tau ua raws li tag nrho cov cai, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj. Kev lom ntawm ib puag ncig yuav pib, piv txwv li, thaum qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj cytotoxic nkag mus rau hauv av lossis dej.
Ntau tus kab mob no tiv taus tshuaj thiab ib puag ncig, yog li muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob yog tias tsis muab pov tseg kom zoo.
