Headache yog ib qho kev tsis txaus siab uas tib neeg nrhiav kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Nws qhia tias qee cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam hauv lub cev. Mob taub hau tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau, noj tshuaj, raug mob, mob hnyav. Yog tias cov tsos mob no feem ntau tsim txom, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob quav ntsej nws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv lub sijhawm thiab nrhiav seb dab tsi ua rau mob taub hau txhua hnub.
Hypertension
Mob taub hau tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog ntshav siab. Qhov no yog ib qho mob ntev ntawm cov hlab plawv, ib tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce siab hauv cov ntshav siab (ua luv li BP) los ntawm 140/90 mm Hg. Art. thiab siab dua. Kwv yees li 20-30% ntawm cov neeg laus raug kev txom nyem los ntawm arterial hypertension. Nrog rau hnub nyoog, daim duab no nce. Kwv yees li 50% ntawm cov neeg tshaj 60 xyoo muaj lub npe hu ua mob ntev.
Cov neeg mob ntshav siab muaj ntshav siab thiab mob taub hau thaum ntxov. Qhov chaw ntawm localization ntawm qhov mob yog thaj tsam occipital. Tus nqinco ntsoov tias qhov mob yuav tsis tshwm sim nrog me ntsis los yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov siab. Lawv ib txwm pom tsuas yog nrog kev nce siab hauv cov ntshav siab tshaj 200/120 mm Hg. st.
Hypotension
Yog tias koj mob taub hau ntau zaus, yog vim li cas? Ib qho ntawm cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no yog arterial hypotension. Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas cov ntshav siab yog 90/60 mm Hg. Art. thiab tsawg. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob taub hau. Nws tuaj yeem ua npub, constricting, bursting los yog pulsating. Qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob yog thaj tsam fronto-parietal lossis fronto-temporal cheeb tsam. Nrog arterial hypotension, cov tsos mob hauv qab no kuj tau pom:
- tsis muaj zog;
- sawv ntxov lethargy, tsaug zog;
- kiv taub hau;
- kev ntxhov siab tsis ruaj khov;
- weather sensitive;
- pallor;
- palpitations thiab ua pa luv ntawm kev tawm dag zog.
Cov kws tshaj lij tau tsim kev faib tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypotension. Muaj ntau hom mob thiab mob ntev. Cov tom kawg yog subdivided, nyob rau hauv lem, ua physiological, thawj thiab theem nrab. Mob hypotension yog qhov txo qis hauv cov ntshav siab. Ib yam mob zoo sib xws yog pom nrog ntshav poob, mob myocardial infarction.
ntshav siab qis, mob taub hau… Cov tsos mob no qee zaum pom los ntawm cov neeg noj qab haus huv kiag li. Cov kis las yog ib qho piv txwv. Lawv muaj ntshav siab tsawg nrog kev ua lub cev tsis tu ncua. Qhov no feature yog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev,kev tiv thaiv. Hom kab mob ntshav siab no hu ua physiological.
Qhov tshwm sim thawj zaug yog suav tias yog tus kab mob ywj pheej. Nws tsis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm txhua yam pathologies, tsis tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm. Cov kws kho mob pom thawj hypotension ua ib daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab mob zoo li neurosis ntawm vasomotor chaw ntawm lub hlwb. Tab sis qhov thib ob ntau yam yog pom nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob (piv txwv li, nrog lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, mob hlwb, arrhythmias).
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Sudden pib diffuse lossis mob occipital tej zaum yuav yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm subarachnoid hemorrhage. Lub sij hawm no (cov npe luv luv - SAK) cov kws tshaj lij hais txog kev sib sau ntawm cov ntshav hauv cov kab noj hniav ntawm pia mater thiab arachnoid. Hemorrhage tshwm sim dheev vim rupture ntawm arterial aneurysm los yog mob hlwb raug mob.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage survivors qhia tias qhov mob uas lawv tau ntsib yog qhov phem tshaj plaws uas lawv tau ntsib hauv lawv lub neej. Lwm cov tsos mob ntawm SAH muaj xws li xeev siab, ntuav, thiab tsis nco qab. Nrog ntshav los ntshav, ib tug neeg yuav tsum tau mus kho mob sai. Qhov no yog ib qho xwm txheej txaus ntshai heev uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag lossis xiam oob khab.
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Diffuse lossis mob hnyav hauv zos tej zaum yuav yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav tawm hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog qhov nkag ntawm cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov khoom ntawm lub hlwb. Hemorrhage tshwm sim thaum rupturedHloov cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb lossis diapedesis (tawm ntawm cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm lawv cov permeability thiab lub suab).
Leej twg yuav ntsib qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai no? Feem ntau, hemorrhage tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus thiab hnub nyoog laus vim cerebral atherosclerosis, kub siab. Feem ntau tsawg, cov ua rau yog cov kab mob ntshav, inflammatory kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb. Cerebral hemorrhage qee zaum tshwm sim hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas. Qhov laj thawj feem ntau yog siv yeeb tshuaj.
Brain formations
Yog tias koj mob taub hau ntau zaus, yog vim li cas? Cov tsos mob tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau lub hlwb tsim (hematomas, qog, abscesses). Mob feem ntau yog diffuse. Qee lub sij hawm nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub volumetric tsim yog localized. Thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob, nws ua rau nws tus kheej hnov thaum sawv ntxov thiab tsis muaj zog. Raws li tus kab mob loj tuaj, qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov mob hloov. Nws ua tas li thiab muaj zog dua. Lwm cov tsos mob uas qhia tias muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv qhov chaw muaj xws li:
- ntuav tsis xeev siab;
- tshwm sim ntawm oculomotor mob;
- memory deterioration;
- hloov tus cwj pwm, thiab lwm yam.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qee zaum mob tshwm sim thaum qaij lub taub hau, hnoos, straining, tawm dag zog lub cev. Xws li cov tsos mob tej zaum yuav yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov qog ntawm posterior cranial fossa. Mob uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no thiab yog luv luv,Tej zaum yuav tshwm sim yam tsis muaj intracranial pathologies.
Kab mob ntawm paranasal sinuses
Yog tias lub taub hau feem ntau mob hauv pliaj, qhov hnyav yog nyob ze ntawm qhov ntswg, ces qhov no yog sinusitis. Lo lus no txhais tau hais tias o ntawm lub mucous daim nyias nyias nyob rau hauv ib los yog ntau tshaj paranasal sinuses. Sinusitis tshwm sim raws li ib qho teeb meem ntawm tus mob khaub thuas, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, kis kab mob. Cov kab mob thiab kab mob provoke o.
Mob thiab hnyav hauv sinusitis tsis yog cov tsos mob nkaus xwb. Lwm yam cim qhia ntawm tus kab mob yog:
- nasal congestion;
- fever;
- Purulent Nasal tawm suab;
- mob thaum tapping thaj tsam ntawm qhov cuam tshuam qhov sinus.
Acute angle-kaw glaucoma
Lo lus "glaucoma" yog hais txog kab mob qhov muag, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov cim xws li kev nce siab hauv lub paj hlwb. Muaj 2 hom kab mob no. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog hu ua lub kaum sab xis glaucoma. Nws tshwm sim vim kev sib cuag ntawm trabecular meshwork thiab iris. Nrog rau kev mob, qhov tso tawm ntawm cov kua dej intraocular los ntawm lub qhov muag ua nyuaj, kev ua haujlwm ntawm trabecular network cuam tshuam. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub siab intraocular nce.
Mob lub kaum ntse kaw glaucoma yog qhov ua rau mob taub hau txhua hnub rau qee tus neeg. Nrog rau tus kab mob no, cov neeg yws yws ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov muag, qhov muag tsis pom kev ntawm zaj sawv ib ncig ntawm lub teeb ci, qhov muag tsis pom kev. Intraocular siab yog ntsuas kom paub meej lossis txiav tawm lub kaum sab xis kaw glaucoma.
Tranio-cerebral raug mob (TBI)
Thaum koj lub taub hau mob ntau zaus, yog vim li cas tej zaum yuav yog TBI ntev. Qhov mob tuaj yeem ua rau excruciating rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nws tus cwj pwm yog npub, diffuse thiab aggravated los ntawm lub cev exertion. Feem ntau cov tsos mob no yog nrog los ntawm kev puas hlwb, tsis nco qab, tsis nco qab, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, kiv taub hau, qaug zog thiab puas siab puas ntsws.
Qee zaum, muaj cov tsos mob tsis txaus ntseeg xws li mob taub hau, tsaug zog, tsis meej pem, hloov pauv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv loj, asymmetry ntawm reflexes. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm TBI, tab sis cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob subdural hematoma.
Tension headache
Tsi mob taub hau, tsos mob thiab kho tus kab mob yog ib lub ntsiab lus kub heev hnub no. Lo lus no txhais li cas? Qhov no yog hom mob thawj zaug. Tam sim no, nws yog hu ua txawv. Cov kws tshaj lij siv lo lus tshiab - mob taub hau.
Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum twg los tau. Nws pib tshwm sim feem ntau tom qab 25 xyoo. Qhov mob hnyav yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev siv zog me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua qhov xwm txheej, nws yog ob sab, thiab qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob yog thaj tsam ntawm lub cev, pem hauv ntej thiab occipital. Mob muaj ib tug squeezing nyhuv. Nws feem ntau kav ntev li ob peb feeb mus rau ob peb hnub. Kev ntuav tsis pom. Qee lub sij hawm muaj xeev siab, suab thiab photophobia.
Tsi mob taub hau, tsos mob thiabKev kho mob uas paub txog txog 20% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub ntiaj teb, muaj qhov sib txawv etiology. Qhov ua rau mob sib txawv:
- nkag rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab;
- pw tsis tsaug zog;
- noj zaub mov tsis tu ncua;
- siab dhau lossis qis dhau ambient kub;
- hormonal ntshawv siab;
- qhov muag ntau dhau, thiab lwm yam.
Tshuaj kho mob
Yog tias koj lub taub hau mob ntau zaus, nws yuav yog vim koj noj tshuaj. Cov kev kho hauv qab no ua rau muaj cov tsos mob hnyav:
- vasodilating (calcium antagonists, nitrates, chimes);
- anticonvulsants;
- corticosteroids;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nonsteroidal;
- hypolipidemic;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- estrogens;
- Yantibacterial.
Mus ntsib tus kws tshaj lij
Yog tias mob taub hau ib ntus tsim txom, ces koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab. Cov tsos mob no yuav zais cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej. Yog tias koj nquag mob taub hau, tus kws kho mob twg tuaj yeem pab tau? Ua ntej koj yuav tsum teem sijhawm nrog tus kws kho mob thiab qhia nws txog koj qhov teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau tus kws tshaj lij txhua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, vim tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho mob nyob ntawm nws.
Yog li, ntawm kev txais tos koj yuav tsum qhia:
- nyob qhov twg ntawm lub taub hau qhov mob yog localized;
- hnub twg nws ua rau nws tus kheej xav;
- thaum qhov mob thawj zaug (piv txwv li ob peb hnub dhau los);
- thaumqhov mob rhiab heev dhau lawm;
- dab tsi ntxiv cov tsos mob tshwm sim tau pom nrog mob taub hau;
- yog cov tshuaj noj;
- yuav mob pes tsawg zaus tshwm sim ib hnub;
- muaj kab mob.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los qhia koj qhov kev xav txog qhov yuav ua rau mob. Tej zaum ob peb lub lis piam (hli, xyoo) dhau los muaj kev raug mob lossis tshuab rau lub taub hau. Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb heev uas yuav pab tus kws kho mob txiav txim seb qhov ua rau mob taub hau tshwm sim.
Tus kws kho mob, tom qab mloog tag nrho cov lus tsis txaus siab, yuav muab cov kev kuaj mob uas tsim nyog (kev kuaj ntshav, X-ray, xam tomography, thiab lwm yam). Tus kws kho mob tseem yuav xa mus rau tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog (piv txwv li, mus rau tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist thaum muaj cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog pob ntseg, caj pas, qhov ntswg, taub hau, mus rau tus kws kho mob hlwb kom txiav txim siab lossis lees paub cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog lub paj hlwb) hauv kev txiav txim thaum kawg nrhiav seb yog vim li cas tus neeg mob feem ntau mob taub hau.
Cov laj thawj (yuav ua li cas, peb tau piav qhia saum toj no) rau qhov pom ntawm cov tsos mob zoo li no, raws li qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus sau tseg, txawv. Tab sis suav nrog, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tsuas yog 5% ntawm cov neeg mob uas tig mus rau kws kho mob nrog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm mob taub hau muaj mob hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis kam mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tus kws kho mob yuav tshawb pom qhov mob tiag tiag thiab muab tswv yim kom tshem tawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no.
