Tactical tshuaj yog muab kev kho mob rau cov tub rog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas tau kawm. Nws cov dej num suav nrog kev cawm neeg txoj sia, thauj cov neeg raug tsim txom, tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov mob hnyav.
Kev pab kho mob muaj peev xwm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev poob ntau ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov neeg pej xeem.
Tactical tshuaj ntawm kev ua tsov rog tsis tu ncua
lo lus no tau tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev rov ua tiav ntawm kev paub thiab kev paub txog kev ua tub rog hauv tebchaws. Yav dhau los, qhov kev paub no tsis muaj rau cov pej xeem sawv daws, thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem tau luam tawm hauv cov ntawv txwv. Niaj hnub no, tactical tshuaj yog ib ceg ntawm kev paub. Nws tshwm sim raws li qhov kev paub tau txais nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tsov rog tsis tu ncua.
Hnub no koj tuaj yeem paub cov lus qhia no nrog kev pab los ntawm phau ntawv "Tactical Medicine of Modern Irregular Warfare". Phau ntawv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig tsis yog rau cov tub rog tub rog xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov pej xeem pej xeem nyob hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nws tus sau yog Yuri Yevich. Tactical tshuaj nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv yog nthuav tawm raws li ib tug series ntawm yooj yim thiab nkag siab txog kev pab thawj zaug nrog cov lus piav qhia ntxaws. Tus neeg sau tau sau tseg nws qhov kev paub txog kev kho mob hauv ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tub rog.
Kev faib cov kev raug mob thiab kev ua haujlwm
Lawv tau piav qhia meej los ntawm phau ntawv qhia txog tshuaj tactical. Hom kev puas tsuaj uas tau txais hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua yog raws li hauv qab no:
- kev raug mob ntau yam;
- kev mob;
- tawg;
- burns;
- frostbite.
Ntxiv rau kev muab kev pabcuam, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau daws ntau yam haujlwm. Ntawm lawv yog cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
- tsheb thauj neeg raug mob;
- hluav taws tua yeeb ncuab;
- zais nkag mus rau tom qab mus rau qhov chaw raug mob;
- kev khiav tawm ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom siv cov cuab yeej ua tub rog.
Kev puas tsuaj yooj yim tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev los ntshav, xeev ntawm kev poob siab, ua tsis taus pa thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv. Cov xwm txheej no qeeb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab kev pab thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem yog tias tsis kho raws sijhawm. Tag nrho cov kev ntsuas tsim nyog tau ua tiav ntawm kev nrawm nrawm, ncaj qha ntawm qhov chaw. Tus kws kho mob Tactical tsis thim rov qab mus txog thaum nws tau tiv thaiv tus mob.
Aid for raug mob
Nws tuaj yeem ua rau txhua yam riam phom - txias lossis phom, thiab kuj yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kuv lub nthwv dej tawg. Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem yog:
- dhau ntawm qhov muaj qhov nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob;
- dig muag,thaum tsuas muaj ib lub qhov;
- tangential siv rau saum npoo ntawm lub cev yam tsis muaj kev nkag mus tob;
- nkag mus, muaj qhov tob sib txawv.
Txhua qhov kev raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij: los ntshav, ua txhaum kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov kabmob hauv nruab nrog cev, paj hlwb, kis kab mob. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev muab kev pab hauv qhov xwm txheej no nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm qhov raug mob. Tab sis muaj cov ntsiab cai dav dav uas siv rau kev raug mob. Namely:
- tso tseg los ntshav;
- bandaging;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qhov txhab.
Kev xav tau rau lwm yam dej num raug txiav txim raws li qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Yog tias tsim nyog, ib tus neeg yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj loog hauv daim ntawv txhaj tshuaj intramuscular siv lub syringe-tube tshwj xeeb.
Ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm nyuaj (stitching ntawm qhov txhab, kua dej) yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog thauj cov neeg raug tsim txom mus rau qhov chaw kho mob ze tshaj plaws.
Yuav ua li cas raug mob?
Kev raug mob txhais tau tias bruises, dislocations thiab sprains. Cov tshuaj tactical hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua cuam tshuam nrog kev txais yuav cov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb:
- pab mob;
- immobilization (tiring, fixation);
- evacuation.
Yog tias qhov xwm txheej no tso cai, nws yog ntxiv rau tus neeg raug mob nrog cov dej kom ntau, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev raug mob ntawm lub cev. Rau bruises, ib daim ntaub nruj yog siv, hauv zostshuaj loog los ntawm kev siv sab nraud, muab kev immobilization ntxiv thiab khiav tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm raug mob rau tendons thiab ligaments, raws li zoo raws li dislocations, cov kev ua yog zoo sib xws. Koj tsis tuaj yeem teeb tsa qhov dislocation koj tus kheej, vim nws yooj yim rau confuse nws nrog tawg.
Nyob fractures
Qhov no yog qhov kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws. Muaj cov kab mob hauv qab no:
- ua tiav thaum pob txha tawg tag;
- tsis tiav - pob txha tawg;
- qhib - nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ncaj ncees;
- kaw thaum cov ntaub so ntswg ruaj khov.
Fracture yog ib qho ntawm cov mob hnyav thiab txaus ntshai tshaj plaws. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ceg, mob thaum kov, o, txo qis lossis tsis muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub crunch ntawm rub cov pob txha tawg thiab lawv cov tawg tau hnov. Kev raug mob nyuaj los ntawm qhov mob hnyav.
Pab kom pob txha
Thaum pab nrog pob txha, siv cov tswv yim hauv qab no:
- pab mob;
- immobilization;
- evacuation.
Rau cov pob txha qhib, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau muab qhwv ua ntej thiab tsis txhob los ntshav. Txhim kho cov pob txha tawg, ib qho splint yog siv, tuav ob leeg pob qij txha, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv immobility. Yog hais tias tsis muaj improvised txhais tau tias thiab splints, koj tuaj yeem qhwv caj npab raug mob rau lub cev, thiab txhais ceg mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Kev kho pob txha yog nyob ntawm qhov mob hnyav.
Thaum muaj pob txha pob txha, tsis muaj kev kho mob hauv thaj teb!Tus neeg raug tsim txom tau muab tso rau ntawm ib qho khoom siv stretcher (lub thiaj li hu ua ntaub thaiv npog). Yam tsawg kawg yog peb tus neeg koom nrog hauv qhov no: ib tug yuav siv lub caj dab, txhawb lub taub hau nrog forearms, qhov thib ob los ntawm sab nraub qaum, qhov thib peb ntawm ob txhais ceg. Nce tib lub sijhawm. Tus neeg raug tsim txom raug thauj mus rau qhov chaw kho mob sai li sai tau.
hom kub kub
Ib qhov kub hnyiab yog cov ntaub so ntswg puas los ntawm ntau hom kev kis:
- kub;
- tshuaj txhais tau tias;
- hluav taws xob poob siab;
- kub.
Muaj 4 degrees ntawm qhov kub hnyiab:
- Kuv - liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov kub hnyiab;
- II - tsim cov npuas ua kua;
- III - qhov tsim ntawm necrotic (tuag) daim tawv nqaij thaj chaw ntawm ntau qhov tob nrog cov tsos ntawm pob txuv;
- IV - ua tiav necrosis ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov nqaij mos, cov leeg, pob txha, charring.
Raws li txoj cai, 3rd thiab 4th degree kub hnyiab ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Burns 1 thiab 2 tbsp. hu ua superficial, lawv kho tsis pub dhau 2 lub lis piam thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Tshwj tsis yog, tau kawg, lawv cuam tshuam ntau dua 50% ntawm thaj chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Kuv pab tau li cas?
Kev pab ua ntej rau kev kub hnyiab yog txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj: koj yuav tsum tau tua hluav taws, tshem cov khaub ncaws kub (tab sis tsis txhob rhuav tshem yog tias nws ci rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij), tshem tawm cov neeg raug tsim txom. chav tsev kub hnyiab, thiab lwm yam. Yog hais tias cov nplaim taws tau engulfed tus neeg, koj yuav tsum tau nias nws nrog ib qho chaw kub hnyiab mus rau hauv av los yog muab pov rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, npog nrog ib tug tuab daim ntaub thiab nias nws, sau nrog dej. Nco ntsoov tias qhov kev txiav txim ntawm napalm thiab dawbPhosphorus tsis tuaj yeem nruab nrog dej!
Kev pab thawj zaug ntxiv rau qhov kub hnyiab yuav tsum txias tam sim ntawd ntawm qhov chaw hlawv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv dej ntawm chav tsev kub, lub sijhawm txias yog 20 feeb, tsis hais qhov chaw ntawm qhov kub hnyiab thiab nws qhov tob. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj loog. Piv txwv li, muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau tus neeg mob: Suprastin lossis Claritin. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov tob ntawm qhov txhab, siv cov ntaub qhwv thiab tshem tawm cov neeg raug tsim txom. Txhawm rau kho qhov raug mob, siv tshwj xeeb txhais tau tias: Panthenol, Bepanten, Apollo anti-burn dressings.
Qhov tseem ceeb! Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw haus luam yeeb hnyav, koj yuav tsum ua pa los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv cov ntaub ntub dej. Xws li kev thaiv yuav tsis kav ntev. Txhua zaus ntub cov ntaub qhwv nrog dej tshiab, lossis (raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua) tsau rau hauv cov ntshav, uas tuaj yeem khi cov pa roj carbon monoxide, tso cai rau nws nyob ntev dua hauv cov pa luam yeeb.
Pab nrog frostbite thiab hypothermia
Feem ntau, tes, taw, ntiv tes, pob ntseg, qhov ntswg raug frostbite. Ua ntej, muaj kev hnov mob tingling, mob me ntsis, thaj chaw frostbitten tig liab, ces tig dawb, rhiab heev ploj. Yog hais tias lub frostbitten ib feem ntawm lub cev yog warmed tam sim ntawd, nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntuj tsos tom qab 3 teev. Ntev frostbite yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Nyob ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov txhab, lawv muab faib ua 4 degrees:
- 1 tbsp - daim tawv nqaij hloov dawb, poob rhiab heev, ces tig xiav, o thiab khaus tshwm.
- 2 tbsp. - cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlwv nrog cov kua ntshiab, necrosis ntawm cov txheej txheem sab saud ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- 3 tbsp. - cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlwv nrog cov kua dej, necrosis cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg sib sib zog nqus.
- 4 tbsp. - necrosis cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij thiab pob txha.
Tactical tshuaj rau frostbite muab rau kev tshem tawm ntawm kev raug mob - tsis kub. Tus neeg raug tsim txom raug xa mus rau cua sov los yog qhwv, hnav khaub ncaws qhuav. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua yog siv cov ntaub qhwv uas cais cov cua sov thiab kev thauj mus los mus rau qhov chaw kho mob.
Nws txwv tsis pub rub thaj chaw puas tsuaj nrog daus, hnab looj tes, cawv, muab cawv rau sab hauv, sov nrog qhib hluav taws los ntawm hluav taws lossis taws. Cov tsos mob ntawm hypothermia yog qaug zog, qaug zog, apathy, tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ib tug neeg yuav poob tsis nco qab nrog kev tsim txom thiab cessation ntawm tseem ceeb functions. Kev coj cwj pwm ntawm cov xwm txheej no zoo ib yam li cov yeeb yam peb tau piav qhia.
