Gypsum yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntuj tshaj plaws, uas yog siv dav hauv kev kho mob. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom siv, cov muaju ntawm cov pob zeb mined gypsum yog hauv av hauv cov mills tshwj xeeb thiab raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv kilns.
Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kev kho mob gypsum yog ib nrab aqueous calcium sulfate ntsev (CaSO4 H2O). Muaj raws li cov hmoov dawb.
Nyob ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm gypsum, kev sib tsoo tshuab thiab hluav taws kub kub yuav txawv.
Kev faib tawm
Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov txheej txheem hardness thoob ntiaj teb, cov hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:
- mos plaster, siv los ua kev zoo siab hauv kev kho hniav orthopedic;
- zoo tib yam (kev kho mob) gypsum, siv dav hauv kev phais thiab orthopedics;
- nyuaj gypsum, tsim los ua qauv ntawm lub puab tsaig hauv kev kho hniav;
- muaj zog ntxiv gypsum, siv los tsim cov qauv puab lub puab tsaig;
- hnyav-ua haujlwm plaster, tsim rau cov qauv hauv kev kho hniavorthotics xav tau lub zog ultra-siab yog tsim nrog ntxiv ntawm cov khoom hluavtaws.
Thaum sib xyaw nrog dej tom qab 5-7 feeb, gypsum pib tawv, nce lub zog. Cov khoom tau txais nws cov yam ntxwv kawg thiab hardness tom qab ua tiav ziab.
Properties
Kev kho mob gypsum tau yeej nws qhov kev lees paub vim nws tus nqi qis, muaj, yooj yim ntawm kev tuav thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev siv kho mob xws li:
- non-toxic, harmless;
- tsis hnov tsw;
- muaj peev xwm khaws tau ntev;
- tiv thaiv thaum cuam tshuam nrog dej;
- qis shrinkage ratio.
Cov hmoov muaj qhov nqus dej siab, thaum ua ke nrog dej, nws cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim ntawm gypsum dihydrate thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm huab hwm coj mus rau lub xeev ruaj khov. Lub hardening tus nqi yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam kev mob ntawm gypsum firing, dej kub, gypsum-dej loj piv, thiab muaj impurities. Dej rhuab mus rau 37 ° C ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration (particle khi), txhua yam saum toj no lossis qis dua qhov kub no ua rau nws qeeb.
Dej siv ib kilogram hmoov yog 0.6-0.7 litres. Lub sij hawm hardening - 10-15 feeb. Koj tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov tsim nyog ntawm gypsum los ntawm kev coj nws ntawm koj txhais tes thiab nyem nws ntawm koj xib teg. Yog hais tias nws crumbles thaum unnaturated, ces cov khoom yog qhuav thiab haum rau siv. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv pob, ces cov plaster ntub thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog.
Daim ntawv thov
Ordinary calcined plaster yog siv los ua plaster casts(bandages) at:
- mob pob txha;
- thov cov nplaum nplaum;
- kho qhov chaw puas;
- phau ntawv reposition ntawm cov pob txha tawg;
- reposition siv rub seem.
Soft plaster yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm ob qho tib si kho hniav impressions (tag nrho thiab ib nrab) thiab impressions los ntawm edentulous puab tsaig.
Tshem tawm cov hniav ntawm tag nrho cov hniav los yog tshem tau cov hniav hniav ntawm ib nrab hloov tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob siab zog.
Cov Cai Siv
Rau txoj haujlwm zoo nrog cov khoom siv hauv kev kho hniav, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no.
- Kho hniav plaster yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav. Reservoir yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov seem tom qab txhua qhov khoob.
- Cov cuab yeej siv hauv kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab ntxuav cov kab ntawm plaster tom qab siv dhau los.
- Tus nqi ntawm plaster yuav tsum tau kneaded ib lub sij hawm yuav tsum muab xam rau tsis pub tshaj peb impressions.
- Khaws qhov feem ntawm gypsum thiab dej thaum sib tov yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Gypsum Impression Technology:
- hmoov maj mam nchuav rau hauv lub thawv nrog dej ntawm qhov kub ntawm 20 ° C;
- tos lub gypsum nyob rau hauv qab;
- pib sib tov - tshuab kav ntev tsis tshaj 30 vib nas this, phau ntawv - tsis ntau tshaj ib feeb;
- qhov sib tov yog nchuav rau hauv pwm.
Rau kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab nrawm ntawm cov kws kho mob hauv kev phais, nws raug nquahu kom ua raws li cov hauv qab no thaum ua cov plaster.
- Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov xav tau ntawm plaster, ua ntej ntsuas qhov ntev ntawm daim ntaub qhwv raws li tus ceg tawv.
- Nws yooj yim dua rau siv cov ntaub qhwv plaster thaum tus neeg mob nyob hauv txoj hauj lwm supine. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim, tus kab mob ko taw tau nce siab dua qib ntawm txoj haujlwm no.
- Kev kho mob plaster yuav tsum tau muab tso sib npaug, nrog rau ib kauj ruam, tsis txhob kinks, creases thiab folds.
- Cov chaw ntxhov siab hnyav yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog thiab ntxiv dag zog nrog ib txheej ntxiv.
- Cov ntiv taw thiab txhais tes yuav tsum qhib sab laug kom nws tuaj yeem taug qab qhov ua tau nyem ntawm ceg thiab tshem cov ntaub qhwv lub sijhawm.
- Tom qab siv cov ntaub qhwv plaster nrog cov stroking txav, lawv tau coj los ze zog rau qhov tseeb contour ntawm tus nplaig, rov ua dua txhua qhov khoov thiab kev nyuaj siab.
- Tom qab ziab, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hnub thov, hnub tim ntawm pob txha, ib qho schematic sawv cev ntawm cov pob txha thiab qhov kwv yees hnub ntawm kev tshem tawm yog siv rau cov ntaub qhwv.
Txhob muab pov tseg
Cov ntaub qhwv cov ntaub pua plag yog tshem tawm nrog cov hlua khi los yog txiab, saws thiab hlau spatula. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum nws muaj peev xwm txiav lub plaster, ces siv txiab tshwj xeeb. Yog tias qhov chaw hauv qab daim ntaub qhwv tsis tso cai, ces ib lub spatula yog ntxig rau hauv cov ntaub qhwv los tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij los ntawm kev raug mob. Tom qab ntawd, txiav los yog sawing yog nqa tawm.
Qhiacov ntaub qhwv raws li los ntawm tog uas muaj cov ntaub mos mos. Piv txwv li, plaster bandages mus txog rau nruab nrab peb ntawm tus ncej puab yog txiav raws li nram qab nto, corsets - los ntawm sab nraum qab, thiab hais txog. Cov npoo txiav yog rub sib nrug thiab cov ceg ceg raug tshem tawm. Tshem tawm qhov tshem tawm ntawm qhov hnav khaub ncaws. Txij li tus nqi ntawm gypsum qis, nws siv ib zaug yog kev lag luam thiab tus nqi qis.
Kev muaj tus kws kho mob thaum lub sijhawm tswj hwm yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua: nws tswj hwm tus mob ntawm ceg thiab txiav txim siab txog qhov yuav tsum tau siv lub plaster tshiab.
yuav qhov twg
Kho mob gypsum yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab uas tsim cov khoom siv rau kev tsim kho thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm. Nws lub ntsiab sib txawv los ntawm gypsum rau kev tsim kho lub hom phiaj yog nyob rau hauv lub degree ntawm kev sib tsoo, thiab yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ceev ceev lub sij hawm hardening. Koj tuaj yeem yuav gypsum rau kev kho mob ncaj qha los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Ib qho ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam yog Samaragips thiab Volma.
Kev kho mob gypsum "Volma" yog tsim raws li TU 5744-013-78667917-13, cov khoom ntawm "Samaragyps" - raws li TU 5744-013-21151476-2014 hauv cov hnab ntawv hnyav 20 lossis 25 kg. Tus nqi ntawm ib kilogram txawv nyob ntawm seb hom gypsum thiab nws lub hom phiaj. Qhov nruab nrab, nws yog 15-25 rubles.
