Smile brightens lub ntsej muag ntawm txhua tus neeg. Tab sis txawm tias nws zoo meej, tsuas yog ib qho chaw dawb ntawm cov hniav tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau tag nrho cov kev xav. Vim li cas qhov tsis xws luag tshwm sim hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav? Dab tsi yog vim li cas rau lawv cov tsos? Puas muaj peev xwm tawm tsam lawv li cas? Cov lus nug no tau nug los ntawm cov neeg feem coob uas tau pom cov kev hloov pauv zoo sib xws hauv lawv cov hniav.
Dawb pob: ua rau pom
Cov hniav zoo nkauj feem ntau yog lub teeb, nrog me ntsis pearly sheen, txhua tus neeg muaj nws tus kheej ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov tshwm sim tsis xws luag, qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dawb (discolored) me ntsis, yog ntau sib dua li lub ntuj xim ntawm enamel thiab yog li ntawd catches lub qhov muag. Lawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv, qhov loj thiab qhov tob. Tej zaum yuav tshwm sim ntawm ib lossis ob peb cov hniav ib zaug.
Txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim zoo li no (tshwj tsis yog kev ua txhaum kev zoo nkauj) tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob, lawv feem ntau qhia txog kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm qee yam kab mob. Yog li nws tsis tsim nyogncua mus ntsib kws kho hniav kom txog thaum zoo li tsis muaj teeb meem tshwm sim. Tom qab tag nrho, lawv yog lub teeb liab ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hniav enamel.
Tooth enamel
Feem ntau, qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav yog du thiab ci, nco txog cov plooj (porcelain). Cov kua qaub secreted los ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic, uas ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm txhua tus neeg, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov enamel.
Kev puas tsuaj ntawm txheej txheej ntawm cov hniav tsis tshwm sim tam sim - nws yog txheej txheem ntev heev, yog li kev tsim cov kev hloov pauv ib tus neeg tsis pom tam sim ntawd. Cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav hauv pem hauv ntej tau tawm tsam, tab sis qhov tsim ntawm foci ntawm demineralization hauv lwm qhov chaw tsis pom tam sim ntawd. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau mus ntsib kws kho hniav tsis tu ncua txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Congenital and acquired pathologies of tooth enamel
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum faib cov neoplasms no rau hauv cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum cov hniav tawg, thiab cov pob uas tshwm sim tom qab. Feem ntau, qhov ua rau ntawm cov pob qij txha yog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus: ib qho nyuaj rau niam cev xeeb tub, toxicosis, kab mob ntev ntawm lub plab zom mov, ntxov ntxov.
Qhov feem ntau ua rau pob dawb ntawm tus menyuam cov hniav yog raug mob. Bruising ntawm mis nyuj cov hniav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv kev tsim cov enamel mus tas li.
Cov kev txawv txav zoo sib xws hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem npog cov hniav feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov menyuam yaus uas tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob. Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm qee yam kab mob,tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tsim thiab mineralization ntawm ib ntus los yog mus tas li cov hniav, enamel underdevelopment yog tau. Hauv tshuaj, qhov tshwm sim no hu ua "hypoplasia."
Cov chaw uas tshwm sim hauv menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus tuaj yeem yog vim muaj cov tshuaj fluoride ntau dhau hauv lub cev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov tshuaj no yog tsim nyog los ntxiv dag zog rau lub enamel, nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau nws ua toxic. Cov microelement no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau pastes, yog li ntawd, ua ke nrog fluoridated dej, nws yuav maj mam sau nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab provoke tsim cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav.
Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim qhov tsis huv ntawm qhov ncauj, nrog rau kev siv cov khoom siv orthopedic ntev.
Kev ua txhaum ntawm txheej txheej enamel tuaj yeem txhim kho vim tsis muaj cov kab tseem ceeb hauv lub cev. Calcium thiab vitamin D ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no. Kev ntxhov siab thiab tsis ruaj tsis khov ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub, thiab kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav.
Qhov ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim no tuaj yeem zais hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias tus hniav enamel pib tsis muaj zog, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus kuaj thiab xeem dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tsim nyog.
Kho siab yam
Lwm qhov ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem yog caries. Thiab txawm hais tias feem ntau tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov chaw tsaus, nws yog feem ntau nrog los ntawm xws li tshwm sim.
Qhov tseeb, cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav ntawm tus menyuam lossiscov neeg laus - cov no yog cov chaw demineralized ntawm cov hniav enamel uas tau poob lawv cov luster. Feem ntau lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam cheeb tsam ntawm tus hniav thiab yog nrog los ntawm kev mob rhiab heev. Tom qab ib pliag, qhov chaw cuam tshuam pib tsaus. Ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas, tus kws kho hniav feem ntau kuaj pom caries.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tshem tau cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav
Nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus kheej tsim qhov tseeb ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov stains - tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tseeb ntawm cov hniav, txiav txim siab qhov ua rau ntawm lawv qhov tsos thiab sau cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog. Yog li ntawd, yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau nrhiav kev pab los ntawm kws kho hniav. Yog hais tias tus kab mob yog caries, ces yuav tsum tau kho cov kab mob hniav kom txuag tau nws.
Yuav ua li cas kho hypoplasia
Thaum nws los txog rau hypoplasia ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav, kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb, uas suav nrog ntau cov calcium. Kev kho hniav hauv qhov no yog cov tsos mob. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv xws li mob nws raug pom zoo kom npog cov enamel nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb kho hniav los yog silvering cov hniav. Xws li kev kho mob ntawm cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau lawv kom txog thaum lub cev hloov pauv. Cov hniav tas mus li tom qab kis tau, raws li txoj cai, loj hlob zoo.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj tshem tau fluorosis
Yog tias tus kws kho mob kuaj pom muaj fluorosis, koj yuav tsum tau kho cov zaub mov ua ntej thiab tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav uas muaj fluoride. Ntses thiab spinach yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm zaub mov.
Nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev loj hlob, fluorosis tuaj yeem kho tau. Raws li kev kho mob thiab tshem tawm cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav, cov kws kho hniav siv cov txheej txheem remineralization siv cov ntawv thov thiab electrophoresis. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua los ntawm cov tshuaj nrog complexes ntawm tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm.
kev saib xyuas tsis raug
Feem ntau cov kev mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam orthopedic. Braces txuas rau cov hniav kom kho qhov tom, lossis siv cov nplhaib tshwj xeeb, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov qaub ncaug los ntawm qee qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav enamel. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua kom zoo li qub.
Kev tu lub qhov ncauj tsis raug kuj tuaj yeem yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov kab mob pathogenic, ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic ntawm cov hniav enamel. Hauv qhov no, siv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav ntxuav hniav dawb, uas suav nrog calcium. Lawv pab kom cov hniav sib zog los ntawm ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo thiab txawm tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov stain thiab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov hniav enamel. Vim li ntawd, qhov stains yuav tsis pom.
Yuav ua li cas thaum qhov chaw dawb tshwm
Thaum cov pob dawb tshwm, tsis txhob siv cov khoom hnyav. Qhov tsis xws luag uas tau tshwm sim yog ib qho cim ntawm kev tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hniav enamel, rau kev kho dua tshiab uas xav tau tshwj xeeb thiab ceev faj tus cwj pwm.
Vim ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj vim li cas cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav tsim los tsis pom tseeb yog vim li cas tsis muaj zaub mov noj, ua ntej tshaj, kho cov ntawv qhia txhua hnub yog qhov tsim nyog. Cov zaub mov koj noj yuav tsum nplua nujcalcium, magnesium thiab zinc.
Vitamin D txhawb kom nqus tau cov calcium zoo dua, yog li nws yuav tsum tau noj kom txaus thaum cov pob dawb tshwm ntawm cov hniav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov ntses thiab nqaij nruab deg hauv qhov ntau. Cov khoom qab zib thiab cov khoom tsis zoo yuav tsum raug cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus.
Kev Kho Hniav: kev xaiv kho mob thiab kev tswj hwm
Cov tsos ntawm cov xim tsis muaj xim los yog chalky ntawm cov hniav yuav tsum tau kho kom tsim nyog, vim lawv tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua kom pom kev zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj ua rau tsim cov pits, grooves thiab kev nyuaj siab uas tsaus ntuj dhau sijhawm.
Cov tshuaj niaj hnub muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm cov pob dawb ntawm cov hniav. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog kev kho mob ozone, fluoridation, mineralization, electrophoresis, thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau ntseeg tias cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim xwb, thiab qhov tseeb ua rau tus kab mob yuav tsum tau nrhiav kom tsis txhob muaj kev noj qab haus huv..
kho kab mob
Yog tias kab mob caries yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag, ces nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov hniav ntawm cov hniav thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov enamel siv fluoridation lossis siv cov tshuaj calcium.
Tooth enamel fluoridation tuaj yeem yooj yim lossis tob. Hauv thawj kis, lub kaus mom uas muaj cov tshuaj fluorine uas muaj cov tshuaj fluorine yog siv los yog siv txhuam hniav los siv cov kua roj vanish fluorine. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog los tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib sib zog nqus fluoridation suav nrog kev siv tshuaj khoKev npaj hauv ob txheej: ua ntej, siv cov tshuaj fluorine-muaj cov tshuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd calcium hydroxide. Cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm qhov pores thiab kaw lawv.
Tooth raug mob
Yog tias ib lossis ntau cov hniav raug mob me ntsis, lawv raug kho nrog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb kom ntxiv dag zog rau cov enamel. Thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev, yuav tsum tsim kho hniav. Lub filling yuav tsis tsuas yog rov qab cov chips, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv ntxiv cov hniav lwj.
Txoj hauv kev kho cov pob dawb
khoom qab zib thiab qaub, thaum noj ntau dhau, rhuav tshem cov hniav hniav. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov ncauj qhov ncauj: txhuam koj cov hniav ob zaug ib hnub twg thiab yaug koj lub qhov ncauj tom qab txhua pluas noj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj pob dawb ntawm cov hniav, kuv yuav ua li cas?
Ntau tus neeg siv daim ntawv qhia no: sib tov ob teaspoons ntawm ci dej qab zib nrog ib teaspoon ntawm vinegar thiab qhov tshwm sim muab tshuaj txhuam koj cov hniav ob zaug ib lub lim tiam. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no ua phem rau cov hniav enamel thiab yog li tsis pom zoo los ntawm kws kho hniav.
Txoj kev tom ntej no yog sib tov ntsev thiab kua txiv qaub (ob peb tee ntawm txiv qaub kua txiv ib teaspoon ntsev). Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov no tso cai tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom cov hniav ntxuav hniav dawb xwb, tab sis kuj tshem tawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Ua ntej siv cov txheej txheem no, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho hniav.
Ntau tus neeg siv txiv tsawb tev los ua kom cov hniav enamel. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, txhua zaus ua ntej kev tu cev, cov hniav raug so nrog rau sab hauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Suav,uas txoj kev no tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm caries, tab sis kuj whitens cov hniav.
Tiv thaiv kev txhim kho tsis zoo
Discolored (dawb) me ntsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm canines, cov hniav hauv ntej thiab cov hniav tom qab. Tej zaum lawv yuav tshwm sim ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov hniav lossis hauv cheeb tsam tsev menyuam, thiab tej zaum yuav txawv ntawm cov duab, kev ntxhib los mos thiab qhov tob.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob zoo li no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog ob qho xwm txheej carious thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis zoo hauv lub cev. Feem ntau ua rau lawv tsim yog qhov tsis muaj cov vitamins lossis ntau cov tshuaj fluoride hauv lub cev.
Nws tuaj yeem nyuaj heev txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov pob no ntawm koj tus kheej, thiab ntau tus neeg kawm txog qhov muaj cov qauv no tsuas yog thaum tus kab mob twb tshwm sim nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cov tsos thiab kev loj hlob yog suav tias yog kev mus ntsib kws kho hniav raws sijhawm.
Cov kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam qhov tshwm sim ntawm stains yog:
- Kev tu lub qhov ncauj zoo;
- kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj suab thaj thiab acids;
- noj tsis tu ncua ntawm vitamin-mineral complexes.
Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab kho cov pob dawb los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev kho hniav yog remineralization (rau fluorosis), fluoridation thiab mineralization (rau qhov tsis muaj cov zaub mov tseem ceeb hauv cov hniav hniav), nrog rau kev siv nyiaj thiab kev kho ozone (rau kev kho mob ntawm qhov chaw dawb).
