Tus mob precancerous txaus ntshai (hauv peb caug feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob nws loj hlob mus rau hauv oncology) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov epithelium ntawm cov cellular theem. Tus kab mob no yog ib qho pathology nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tes tsis zoo, kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov mucous membranes ntawm poj niam qhov chaw mos. Cov kev hloov pauv no yog ob qho tib si sab nraud thiab kev puas tsuaj loj dua.
tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Cervical dysplasia yog ib qho pathology ntawm cellular qauv ntawm txheej sab sauv ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm tus mob precancerous.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov ua txhaum cai tsis yog kev yaig, tab sis ua raws li tus kab mob ywj pheej. Dysplasia yog ib qho kev hloov ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov cellular theem, thaum yaig yog ib qho kev puas tsuaj rau cov ntaub so ntswg nrog ib tug txav ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub cylindrical epithelium. Txawm li cas los xij, cov mob hnyav heev ntawm kev yaig dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm dysplasia nrog kev txhim kho tom qab ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
kho raws sijhawm yuav tiv thaiv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer los ntawm kev tsim thiab yuav pab txhawb kom rov zoo tag nrho.
Dysplasia los ntawm tus kws kho mob qhov kev xav
Cervical dysplasia yog ib qho kev hloov hauv cov qauv ntawm cov hlwbcervix, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug pathogenic yam. Tus mob no txaus ntshai vim hais tias nrog kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog, dysplasia ntws mus rau theem hnyav dua thiab, thaum kawg, mus rau hauv daim ntawv malignant. Feem ntau, dysplasia yog asymptomatic thiab tsuas yog kuaj tau thaum kuaj gynecological.
Txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kws kho mob uas niaj hnub tshuaj xyuas cov neeg mob yog txhawm rau ntsuas qhov pom ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub cev hloov pauv ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, thiab tseem ua Pap kuaj. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem PAP yuav qhia pom muaj lossis tsis muaj cov hlwb txawv txav hauv cov qauv. Yog tias muaj cov kab mob hloov pauv, thiab tseem muaj cov tsos mob ntawm dysplasia, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xa tus neeg mob mus rau colposcopy. Thaum lub sij hawm colposcopy, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb siv lub tshuab tsom iav los kawm txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlwb rau ntau yam kev daws teeb meem. Yog li, qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw hloov pauv tau tshwm sim thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm dysplasia raug ntsuas.
Nyob rau theem pib ntawm dysplasia, kev saib xyuas cov neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob ntawm qib peb-degree dysplasia los yog xav tias muaj kev hloov pauv tsis zoo, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ua ib qho kev kuaj mob biopsy, uas ib qho ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv tau coj mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas histological. Nrog kev lees paub qib III dysplasia, kev kho phais raug pom zoo. Yog tias cov kab mob malignant raug kuaj pom los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas histological, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau tus kws kho mob oncologist kom kho ntxiv.
Yog vim li cas
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia yog papillomavirus hom 16 lossis 18,uas yog oncogenic. Thaum muaj tus kab mob no, dysplasia tshwm sim tom qab ib xyoos thiab ib nrab.
Cov hauv qab no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no:
- Kev rho menyuam tsis tu ncua.
- noj tshuaj hormonal.
- siab lossis qis ntawm cov tshuaj hormones hauv lub cev.
- Kab mob hauv qhov chaw mos.
- kev sib deev ntxov ntxov.
- Siv nicotine.
- noj tsis sib haum.
- Genetic factor.
- Kev raug mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
- Kev sib deev lub neej.
- Muaj cev xeeb tub thiab yug me nyuam.
- kab mob oncological ntawm lub taub hau ntawm tus khub noov.
- Pathological txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
- Kev tiv thaiv qis.
Symptoms
Cervical dysplasia feem ntau suav hais tias yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai thiab mob hnyav rau poj niam cev xeeb tub, uas feem ntau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam kab mob thiab tuaj yeem kis tau yam tsis muaj cim rau lub sijhawm ntev. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav muaj cov tsos mob uas yog yam ntxwv ntawm lwm yam kab mob.
Muaj peb lub sijhawm. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, uas tus kab mob no tuaj yeem kuaj pom, tshwm sim nyob rau theem thib peb. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li ntawd los, cov tsos mob tsis tau hais tawm thiab tsis tso cai rau ib puas feem pua los txheeb xyuas dysplasia. Ntau cov cim paub, vim tias tus kab mob no tuaj yeem kuaj pom, txawm tias nws yuav luag asymptomaticleakage.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia yog mob heev, tsis xis nyob thiab tsis noj qab nyob zoo hauv plab plab, mob thaum muaj kev sib deev, uas ua rau muaj zog thaum cev xeeb tub.
Degrees of dysplasia
Txawm li cas los xij, nyob ntawm qhov kev puas tsuaj rau mucosa, muaj xws li qib ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia:
- thawj lossis qib qis tshaj plaws ntawm pathology. Npog cov cell epithelial nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, tsis pub ntau tshaj 1/3 ntawm lub ntim. Feem ntau nws tsis muaj tsos mob, nws nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev los txiav txim tus kab mob nyob rau theem no. Hauv ntau tshaj li tsib caug feem pua ntawm cov neeg mob, nws daws nws tus kheej tom qab tshem tawm tus kab mob ntawm lub cev. Tom qab 1-2 xyoos, 9 ntawm 10 tus poj niam tsis tau kuaj pom hauv cov ntshav. 11% ntawm cov neeg mob nce mus rau theem ob.
- Thib ob lossis theem nrab ntawm cov kab mob. Npog ib nrab ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov hlwb puas. Hauv 70% ntawm cov neeg mob, kev rov zoo tshwm sim hauv ob peb xyoos tom qab pib kho. 22% ntawm cov neeg mob nce mus rau theem peb.
- Thib peb lossis complex degree ntawm pathology. Ua rau tag nrho cov epithelium ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam puas. Cov kab mob cuam tshuam tsis kis mus rau lwm lub cev, cov ntaub so ntswg, cov hlab ntsha. Thaum tsis muaj kev kho kom raug, kab mob oncological tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus, tshem tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam, tsev menyuam.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia ntawm thawj theem hauv cov neeg mob feem ntau ploj mus ntawm lawv tus kheej. Ua tsaug rau kev tiv thaiv muaj zog, tom qab rau rau mus rau kaum ob lub hlis, tus kab mob no tsis raug kuaj pom hauv tib neeg lub cev. Tsawg tus neeg mob tsis muaj zogtus kab mob no tsis loj hlob, thiab nyob rau hauv 11% tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm thawj mus rau theem ob.
Nyob rau theem thib ob, cov neeg mob tuaj yeem kho tus kheej tom qab tus kab mob papilloma raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev, qhov chaw nyob ruaj khov ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem soj ntsuam, tab sis li ntawm 22% ntawm cov poj niam, dysplasia dhau mus. mus rau theem peb. Tom qab ntawd, kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav (mob qog noj ntshav) tshwm sim hauv dysplasia ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, feem ntau cov txheej txheem no yuav siv sijhawm li ob mus rau kaum xyoo, tab sis cov kab mob sai sai hauv ob peb lub hlis kuj ua tau.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog pom tsis hais tus poj niam lub cev ntaj ntsug. Hauv cov theem tom qab, muaj qhov kub thiab txias, qhov mob hnyav, o, kev qaug zog ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov mus rau theem thib peb ntawm cervical dysplasia yog los ntawm kaum mus rau peb caug feem pua. Qhov no yog vim muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv, txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev ua neej.
Kev cev xeeb tub thiab poj niam mob
Lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub yog ib theem tseem ceeb hauv tus poj niam lub neej, thiab yog tias tus kws kho mob gynecologist pom lub sijhawm no nws muaj qhov kev kuaj mob xws li cervical dysplasia, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Qhov kev kuaj mob no muaj ntau heev, tab sis tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua mob rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Cov kab mob no tsis cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov placenta.
Nyob rau hauv lem, cev xeeb tub kuj tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau pathology. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kuaj xyuas, tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ntsib pseudo-erosion, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho raws li kev hloov pauv hauvpoj niam hormonal tshuav. Nrog pseudo-erosion, cov hlwb uas yav tas los nyob rau hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam kwj dej tau tsiv mus rau qhov chaw mos. Pseudo-erosion zoo li lub corolla nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Yog hais tias ua ntej xeeb tub, raws li kev ntsuam xyuas, tus poj niam tsis muaj uterine dysplasia, ces nws tsis tas yuav mus kuaj.
Yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tsis tau kuaj HPV ntev, ces qhov no, thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, tus kws kho mob gynecologist yuav tsum nqa cov ntaub ntawv los tshuaj xyuas. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, tom ntej no kev tswj hwm ntawm pathology ntawm lub tsev menyuam yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog ib xyoos tom qab yug menyuam. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim qhia tau tias muaj thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob, tom qab ntawd kev kuaj colposcopy thiab kuaj los ntawm gynecologist yog tsim nyog ib xyoos tom qab yug menyuam. Yog tias kuaj pom dysplasia nyob rau theem ntawm qhov mob hnyav, colposcopy raug muab tshuaj, thiab kev tswj xyuas sab nraud yuav tsum tau ua tam sim tom qab yug menyuam.
Nws tseem tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov mob hnyav ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia. Kev xeeb tub thiab kev xeeb tub hauv qhov no yuav tsum tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tus kws kho mob gynecologist xaiv cov kab mob hloov pauv pathological rau kev kuaj hauv chav kuaj. Yog tias, raws li kev ntsuas, qhov kev kuaj mob tau lees paub, tom qab ntawd txhua 3 lub hlis colposcopy rov qab mus txog thaum yug. Yog tias tus poj niam tau kuaj pom muaj mob qog noj ntshav thaum cev xeeb tub, kev sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob oncologist yog tsim nyog.
Diagnosis
txhawm rau kuaj xyuas lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, kev kuaj xyuas sab nraud los ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yog thawj zaug, nrog rau kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm lub rooj zaum gynecological, tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam cov mucous membrane, caj pas, xim.qhov chaw mos, uniformity ntawm lub epithelium. Tom ntej no, kev soj ntsuam cytological ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam smear yog coj, thiab qhov siab dua ntawm dysplasia, qhov tseeb qhov tshwm sim yuav yog. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sij hawm ob peb feeb thiab tsis mob kiag li. Qhov kev kuaj no tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
Txawm li cas los xij, yuav xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv txhawm rau kuaj mob.
Colposcopy yog nqa tawm nrog ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hu ua colonoscope, uas kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua los ntawm sab hauv. Ib lub cuab yeej nrog lub koob yees duab tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw mos thiab daim duab tag nrho yog saib ntawm 30x magnification. Yog tias pom cov tsos mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, ces cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv raug muab.
Kev kuaj ntshav biopsy ua li cas? Ib daim ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam tau raug coj mus kuaj. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem yog tsis mob, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob rhiab heev, biopsy yog ua nyob rau hauv lub zos tshuaj loog. Ib qho biopsy tso cai rau koj los kawm txog cov qauv ntawm cov hlwb, kev npaj ntawm txheej, lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ntau. Hom kev tshawb fawb no yog 100% tshwm sim rau kev kuaj mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tau sau ib qho kev kuaj ntshav dav dav thiab tso zis, uas cov ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav raug ntsuas.
Nyob ntawm theem thiab tom qab kuaj mob, qee zaum, tus kws kho mob tau sau xov tooj cua yoj kho mob rau ncauj tsev menyuam.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
Nrog rau lub sijhawm nkag mus rau gynecologist, cervical dysplasia tau txiav txim siab nyob rau theem pib. Qhov ua rau ntawm dysplasia yog human papillomavirus (HPV), uas provokes no pathology. Nrog dysplasia I thiab IIdegree, kev kho tshuaj feem ntau yog siv, txij li cov ntaub so ntswg kho tus kheej yog ua tau. Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig xav tau. Thaum tau txais ob qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb cytological nrog lub sijhawm ntawm 3-4 lub hlis thiab kev pom zoo ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob, kev phais phais raug sau tseg. Kev kho mob ntawm qib III dysplasia yog ua los ntawm gynecologist-oncologist phais. Tom qab ntawd, kev kho kom rov zoo li qub tau raug sau tseg, qhov tshwm sim yog nyob ntawm theem, hnub nyoog thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob. Anti-inflammatory therapy yog aimed ntawm suppressing qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob. Feem ntau muaj qhov txo qis hauv qhov txhab lossis tshem tawm tag nrho.
Thaum kho, tus kws kho mob tau sim ua kom tiav cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:
- relieve o ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam;
- restore microflora ntawm qhov chaw mos;
- rov ua haujlwm li qub ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial;
- nce lub cev tiv thaiv (kev tiv thaiv).
Thaum siv tshuaj kho, immunostimulants, minerals thiab vitamins ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv.
Immunostimulants suav nrog:
- "Isoprinosine", interferon-alpha 2 thiab "Prodigiosan". Lawv pab txhawb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ua kom muaj cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab mob.
- Y Vitamin thiab mineral complexes muaj cov vitamins A, E, C, folic acid thiab selenium. Cov complexes normalize cov txheej txheem ntawm cell faib, tsis txhob cia cov ntaub so ntswg epithelial mus rau lub cev thiabpab txhawb kom lawv rov zoo.
- Vitamin E thiab selenium qeeb lub hemolysis ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab inhibit oxidation ntawm fatty acids.
- Vitamin C tswj cov ntshav txhaws, tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hypersensitivity, normalizes permeability ntawm phab ntsa capillary thiab txo qhov mob.
tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog kws kho mob tau sau rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, kev siv tshuaj rau tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem lees txais. Kev siv tshuaj kho mob hauv cov txheej txheem neoplastic yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nyob rau hauv 65-70% ntawm cov neeg mob ntawm tus poj niam tsis kaj siab tus kab mob no, yuav tsum tau phais, tom qab uas cov tshuaj yog muab.
kev kho neeg pej xeem yog dab tsi thiab puas muaj contraindications?
Nws raug nquahu kom kho cervical dysplasia nrog kev siv cov tshuaj pej xeem tsuas yog nyob rau theem 1. Hauv lwm theem, lawv tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog cov tshuaj. Ib tug neeg intolerance, cev xeeb tub thiab lactation yuav ua tau raws li ib tug contraindication rau lawv siv. Qee lub sij hawm kev kho pej xeem tsis sib haum nrog cov tshuaj.
Infusions rau qhov ncauj siv
Lub tsev menyuam toj roob hauv pes muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob zoo. Sab hauv, nws raug nquahu kom noj nws cov cawv infusion. Lwm txoj kev kho mob ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia yog ua raws li hauv qab no.
Kev ua noj ua haus, sau cov nyom nrog vodka ntawm tus nqi ntawm 100 ml ib 1 tbsp. l. nroj tsuag thiab insist mus txog 30 hnub. Tom qab lub sijhawm teev tseg, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem noj, yav tas los diluted nrog dej me me, ob mus rau peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
Txhawm rau npaj lwm cov tshuaj infusion, koj yuav tsum tau noj vitex (2 ntu), hauv paus burdock (1 feem), astragalus (1 feem) thiab paj paj (1 feem). Rau 5 tsp. tshuaj ntsuab yuav xav tau 1 liter dej. Tom qab sau cov nroj tsuag nrog kua, lawv yuav tsum tau boiled tshaj kub tsawg rau ob peb feeb. Tom qab ntawd cia nws brew nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv kaw. Cov tshuaj no yog siv peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov. Lim ua ntej haus.
Yog lo lus nug tshwm sim ntawm yuav ua li cas nrog ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia tom tsev, ces koj tuaj yeem xyuam xim rau kev ntxuav. Nrog nws, rau kev kho mob zoo, nws raug nquahu kom ntxiv tshuaj ntsuab infusions thiab decoctions rau dej. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv celandine. Cov nroj tsuag qhuav yuav tsum tau nchuav nrog dej npau npau ntawm tus nqi ntawm 1 khob ib spoonful ntawm nyom. Tom qab ntawd tawm hauv lub thawv kaw.
Hloov cov decoction, roj kuj siv tau. Txhawm rau npaj nws, koj yuav tsum tau tawm cov tshuaj ntsuab nrog cov roj zaub kub (1 khob ib 3 tablespoons ntawm celandine) li ntawm ib teev, thiab tom qab ntawd lim. Ntxiv cov sib tov ua tiav rau hauv dej ntxuav los yog siv los ntub cov tampon.
Da dej nrog ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj yej ntsuab yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau douching. Rau 3 tablespoons tshuaj yej koj yuav tsum tau 250 ml ntawm boiling dej. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob npaj cov infusion rau yav tom ntej, nws raug pom zoo kom ua tshiab rau txhua txoj kev.
Rau cov tshuaj pleev hauv zos, siv hiav txwv buckthorn. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv rau ib mus rau ob lub lis piam lub paj, sau nrog cov roj txiv roj sov. Cov cuab yeej no ua kom nrawmcov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg regeneration thiab pab txo qhov mob. Lwm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yog kua txiv aloe.
Ntau qhov paug tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos uas muaj cov ntshav lossis cov kua paug, thiab lawv cov kab mob nce ntxiv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia. Koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau khaus thiab mob ntawm tus kab mob no, nrog rau qhov kub hnyiab. Tag nrho cov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb kos npe rau thiab qhia txog qhov yuav tsum tau mus ntsib sai sai rau ib lub koom haum tshwj xeeb. Poj niam kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
