Qhov muag tuberculosis: ua rau, tsos mob, tiv thaiv thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov muag tuberculosis: ua rau, tsos mob, tiv thaiv thiab kho
Qhov muag tuberculosis: ua rau, tsos mob, tiv thaiv thiab kho

Video: Qhov muag tuberculosis: ua rau, tsos mob, tiv thaiv thiab kho

Video: Qhov muag tuberculosis: ua rau, tsos mob, tiv thaiv thiab kho
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Txawm hais tias muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj niaj hnub, tuberculosis tua txog 3 lab tus tib neeg hauv ntiaj teb txhua xyoo. Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis tau rau lub ntsws ntawm tus neeg nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau lwm yam kabmob thiab lub cev. Tuberculosis ntawm lub qhov muag yog ib qho kab mob sib kis uas nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob thiab kho kom tiav. Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb, vim tias thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob txaus thiab sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob meningitis, sepsis thiab lwm yam teeb meem loj.

Ua rau kab mob

Yog tias ib tus neeg lub cev tiv thaiv tau ua haujlwm ib txwm, ces kev noj cov kab mob mycobacteria tsis tas yuav ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm tuberculosis. Nrog kev pab los ntawm kev tiv thaiv rog, cov kab mob txawv teb chaws tuaj yeem tua tau los ntawm cov hlwb tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob. Tab sis nrog lub cev tsis muaj zog, muaj cov kab mob pathogenic ntau thiab muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis tseem yuav loj tuaj.

qhov muag tuberculosis
qhov muag tuberculosis

Yam uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob:

  • noj tsis haum thiab beriberi;
  • tsis zoo nyob thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo;
  • tsis txaustib neeg raug huab cua ntshiab thiab hnub;
  • psycho-emotional nro, stress;
  • tsis tsaug zog thiab so;
  • tus cwj pwm phem;
  • muaj cov foci mob ntev hauv lub cev;
  • kab mob hnyav ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.

Kev faib tawm

Qhov muag puas rau tuberculosis tuaj yeem sib txawv qhov hnyav nyob ntawm tus kab mob. Cov kev xaiv kho mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob ntawm qhov no. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, muaj 4 txoj kev rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob:

  • muab tuberculosis;
  • pathological hloov pauv hauv cov leeg ntawm lub qhov muag, plaub muag, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctiva lossis daim tawv muag;
  • mob siab hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag nrog tuberculosis ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb lossis lub ntsws;
  • kab mob-kev tsis haum ntawm qhov muag apparatus.

Hauv thawj ob kis, peb tab tom tham txog thawj kab mob nrog mycobacteria thiab lawv cov kev tsim tawm ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub qhov muag. Cov hom pathologies no tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev ua xua lossis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tuberculosis hauv lwm lub cev. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, qee zaum cov tsos mob ntawm ophthalmic tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej vim yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Tab sis qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev yav tom ntej, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev kom paub txog lawv lub sijhawm thiab pib kho.

Cov tsos mob ntawm thawj tuberculosis ntawm lub qhov muag thiab adnexa

Qee yam kab mob nyuaj rau kev paub txog thaum ntxov vim tsis muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb. Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob no yog qhov muag tuberculosis, cov tsos mob uas zoo ib yam li ntau yam kab mob ophthalmic. Tej zaum lawv yuav txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob.

Nrog thawj tus kab mob nrog tuberculosis thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag, tus neeg mob thawj zaug muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob conjunctivitis: liab ntawm cov hlab ntsha, o ntawm daim tawv muag, lacrimation. Tab sis nrog rau qhov no, lymphatic seals tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag, uas nce qhov loj me thiab dhau sij hawm, tsis muaj kev kho mob, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj abscess.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis
Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis

Tuberculosis ntawm adnexa ntawm lub qhov muag (xws li daim tawv muag lossis lacrimal ducts) tsis tshua muaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kab mob inflammatory tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias, cov ntaub so ntswg uas nws thiaj li tuag thiab suppurate. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntawm daim tawv muag sab sauv thiab sab qis, nrog rau qhov caws pliav ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Qhov muag tuberculosis: cov tsos mob, thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev tsis haum ntawm tus kab mob thiab kev puas tsuaj thib ob

Nyob rau hauv kis kab mob-xws li tuberculosis, cov tsos mob yog mob, thiab lawv xyaum tsis muaj lub sij hawm incubation. Ob lub qhov muag feem ntau koom nrog cov txheej txheem pathological, txawm hais tias kev tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm ib sab. Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm mob hnyav yog los ntawm ob peb hnub mus rau 2 lub hlis. Daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis:

  • lacrimation;
  • mob ntawm cov mucous;
  • khaus thiab kub;
  • photophobia;

Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis zoo nyob hauv qhov muag yog tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob hauv lub hlwb lossis tus txha caj qaum, feem ntau lawv yogtsuas yog ib qho ntxiv rau cov tsos mob neurological. Hauv cov neeg mob zoo li no, feem ntau ntawm cov choroid feem ntau cuam tshuam, qhov chaw foci ntawm o (granulomas) nrog cov ntaub so ntswg lymphoid tshwm sim. Clinically, qhov no yog manifested los ntawm ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qhov muag acuity thiab clouding nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag. Tus kab mob tuaj yeem loj hlob zuj zus lossis nce zuj zus.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tus kab mob?

Kev kuaj mob ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm qhov tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, vim nws qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam li lwm yam kab mob ophthalmic. Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm coj cov qauv ntaub so ntswg rau kev tshuaj xyuas rau qhov muaj mycobacteria kuj ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Yog tias muaj kev tsis txaus siab uas qhia tias muaj kab mob ntsws, nws raug nquahu rau tus neeg mob, raws li kws kho mob tau sau tseg, yuav tsum tau mus kuaj ntau yam xws li:

  • kev txiav txim siab ntawm acuity thiab kev pom kev pom;
  • ntsuas qhov ntsuas hauv qhov siab;
  • fundus exam;
  • qhov muag ultrasound;
  • retinal angiography;
  • tuberculin test;
  • kho mob nrog tshuaj TB.
qhov muag tuberculosis diagnostics
qhov muag tuberculosis diagnostics

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum muaj lub x-ray ntawm lub hauv siab kab noj hniav thiab ib qho tomography ntawm mediastinum, vim nws yog nyob rau hauv nws qhov mob foci feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov muag tsis haum rau tuberculosis. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev, tus neeg mob kuj yuav raug tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov ntshav thiab zis.

Txoj kev kis kab mob

Tuberculosis ntawm lub qhov muag tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim kis kab mob los ntawm cov ntshav lossis kev sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov kab mob los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Txoj kev hematogenous ntawm kev sib kis yog ua tau yog tias muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob no hauv lub cev. Cov kev xaiv kom tau mycobacteria los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud rau tus neeg noj qab haus huv yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • cov pos huab cua (thaum tham, hnoos lossis nyob hauv tib chav nrog tus neeg mob ntev);
  • kev sib cuag-tsev neeg txoj kev (thaum siv cov khoom hauv tsev tsis muaj paug);
  • fecal-oral mechanism (thaum cov kab mob nkag nrog zaub mov lossis dej).

Mycobacteria tuaj yeem nyob ua tus kab mob tau ntau xyoo hauv chav tsaus, plua plav, yog li thaum huab cua zoo li no tau nqus, tus neeg muaj lub cev tsis muaj zog yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo kis mob. Qee lub sij hawm tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov ntshav thaum qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim tawv nqaij puas los yog vertically (los ntawm niam mus rau tus menyuam). Tab sis feem ntau kev kis tus kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj mycobacteria hauv huab cua.

Txoj kev ntawm tus kab mob thaum yau

Vim tus me nyuam txoj kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm zoo li tus neeg laus, txhua yam mob hnyav ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj rau nws. Tuberculosis ntawm lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog feem ntau ua xua nyob rau hauv cov xwm los yog ib tug thib ob manifestation ntawm ib tug active pulmonary txheej txheem. Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub zeem muag yog tsis tshua muaj heev nyob rau hauv lawv.

qhov muag tuberculosis hauv menyuam yaus
qhov muag tuberculosis hauv menyuam yaus

Muab qhov nyiam ua kom dav dav ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, kev kho mob tuberculosis yuav tsum nco ntsoov suav nrog kev kho mob hauv tsev kom txog thaum rov ua tiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua tshiab hauv cov cuam tshuamcov ntaub so ntswg thaum yau yog siab dua, yog li tus menyuam ib txwm muaj txoj hauv kev los kho kom zoo yam tsis muaj kev rov qab los thiab teeb meem.

kho mob phais

Kev kho tau zoo yuav tsum suav nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav, txawm tias nws yog ib hom kab mob ntxiv uas cuam tshuam rau ib lub cev. Yog li, piv txwv li, qhov muag tuberculosis, cov tsos mob uas feem ntau yog tsom rau hauv cheeb tsam no, tseem yuav tsum tau kho nrog cov tswv yim dav.

kho qhov muag tuberculosis
kho qhov muag tuberculosis

Thaum kev phais mob tshwm sim, qee zaum, kev phais xwm txheej ceev tuaj yeem ua tau txhawm rau khaws tus neeg lub zeem muag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv parallel nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Tab sis yog tias tsis muaj kev xav tau ceev, txhawm rau zam qhov teeb meem, nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa tawm tom qab ua tiav tag nrho cov kev kho mob.

qhov muag tuberculosis: kho tsis tau phais

Kev kho mob nyuaj nrog kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tau raug sau tseg rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob, nyob ntawm daim duab kho mob. Tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raws li qhov hnyav ntawm qhov ua tau muab faib ua 3 chav kawm:

  • tshuaj muaj zog ("Isoniazid", "Rifampicin");
  • tshuaj muaj zog nruab nrab ("Kanamycin", "Streptomycin", "Prothionamide");
  • tshuaj nrog cov txiaj ntsig kho mob me me ("Para-aminosalicylicacid", "Thioacetazone").
cov cim qhia ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis
cov cim qhia ntawm qhov muag tuberculosis

Cov kev tswj hwm ntawm lawv qhov kev noj thiab ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob phthisiatrician, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub peculiarities ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub. Nrog rau cov ntshav retinal hemorrhages hnyav, ua ntej siv cov tshuaj no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua kev kho mob uas normalizes lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub qhov muag. Txog rau thaum tus neeg mob tus mob nyob ruaj khov, nws tau txais kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Tiv thaiv qhov muag tuberculosis yog qhov yooj yim dua li kho nws. Rau kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb, muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv BCG uas tiv thaiv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm txhua hom kab mob insidious no. Nws raug pom zoo kom muab nws rau cov menyuam tom qab yug los txhawm rau tsim kev tiv thaiv kab mob.

qhov muag tuberculosis cov tsos mob thawj zaug
qhov muag tuberculosis cov tsos mob thawj zaug

Rau qhov tsis yog tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li cov cai no:

  • ua neej noj qab nyob zoo;
  • eat rationally;
  • nquag ua kom ntub dej hauv chav tsev thiab ua tib zoo so cov plua plav;
  • siv sijhawm txaus sab nraum zoov;
  • ua gymnastics lossis kev ua si yooj yim los txhim kho lub cev;
  • kho tau so thiab pw tsaug zog;
  • mus x-ray ib xyoos ib zaug (txij hnub nyoog 15 xyoos).

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim, vim tias thaum mob khaub thuas, qhov no tuaj yeem pab tswj kev noj qab haus huv, tsis pom kev thiab lub neej ua tiav.

Pom zoo: