charcoal ntsiav tshuaj yog dab tsi? Kev siv thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov cuab yeej no yuav piav qhia hauv kab lus no. Peb tseem yuav tham txog cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj hais, nws cov kev phiv thiab contraindications.
Kev sib sau, ntim khoom
Charcoal ntsiav tshuaj muaj charcoal ntawm tsiaj lossis zaub keeb kwm, uas tau raug ua tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau cov cuab yeej no muaj nyob rau hauv 0.5 thiab 0.25 g hauv cell los yog ntawv pob.
Cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim thiab cov lus sib piv
Charcoal ntsiav tshuaj yog ib qho adsorbent, tus neeg ua haujlwm detoxifying. Feem ntau, lawv siv cov tshuaj hu ua "Activated charcoal". Qhov no yog qhov pheej yig tshaj enterosorbent siv los ntxuav lub cev ntawm co toxins, allergens thiab toxins. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog dav siv rau poob phaus (raws li ib tug adjuvant) thiab nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab plab hnyuv kab mob.
Ntxiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov tshuaj xws li Carbactin, txiv ntoo txiv ntoo, Carbopekt, Microsorb-P, Karbosorb, Ultra-Adsorb, Lopedium, muaj cov teebmeem zoo sib xws. Sorbeks", magnesium peroxide, "Stoperan".
Drug action
Lawv ua haujlwm li casntawm tib neeg lub cev charcoal ntsiav tshuaj? Cov lus qhia txuas nrog rau qhov kev kho mob no hais tias nws yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, detoxifying thiab adsorbing tshuaj nrog kev ua haujlwm siab. Tom qab noj cov tshuaj no, cov tshuaj raug khi rau hauv tib neeg lub cev uas txo qis lub zog ntawm lub zog yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lawv cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov ntsiav tshuaj charcoal adsorb ntau lub tebchaw xws li barbiturates, alkaloids, gases, salicylates, glycosides, co toxins thiab ntsev ntawm cov hlau hnyav. Cov kws kho mob hais tias nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj no, qhov nqus ntawm cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv lub plab hnyuv siab raum yog txo, thiab lawv excretion los ntawm lub cev nrog rau cov quav kuj yooj yim.
Ntseeg ntawm cov tshuaj
Charcoal ntsiav tshuaj rau ntxuav lub cev kuj tseem ua haujlwm hauv hemoperfusion. Lawv pom cov adsorption tsis zoo rau alkalis thiab acids, suav nrog hlau, malathion, cyanide, methanol, thiab ethylene glycol.
Cov tshuaj no tsis ua rau lub qhov txhab ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev, thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, nws ua kom ceev cov qhov txhab thiab qhov txhab zoo.
Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kho tau siab tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj charcoal raug pom zoo kom noj hauv thawj ob peb teev lossis tam sim tom qab tshuaj lom.
Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm intoxication txoj kev kho, nws yog tsim nyog los tsim ib tug tshaj ntawm cov thee nyob rau hauv lub plab (txoj cai ua ntej ntxuav nws) thiab hnyuv (tom qab direct gastric lavage). Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau,yog tias muaj cov khoom noj hauv lub plab zom mov. Yog li, lawv yuav raug sorbed los ntawm carbon, uas yuav tiv thaiv lawv ntxiv nqus.
Tsawg concentration ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug ua rau nqus thiab desorption ntawm cov khoom khi. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, rov ua lub plab zom mov, nrog rau kev teem sijhawm ntawm cov thee, tiv thaiv cov resorption ntawm cov co toxins tso tawm.
Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj tshuaj lom tau ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov tshuaj uas nquag koom nrog hauv cov kab mob enterohepatic (piv txwv li, tshuaj xws li Indomethacin, cardiac glycosides, Morphine thiab lwm yam opiates), ces cov ntsiav tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj tsis tu ncua rau ob peb hnub.
Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm cov adsorbent hauv nqe lus nug tau pom thaum lub sijhawm hemoperfusion tom qab mob lom lom nrog Glutethimide, Theophylline lossis barbiturates.
Kev qhia txog kev noj cov roj
Yuav ua li cas haus cov tshuaj txhuam hniav kom huv, peb yuav qhia me ntsis hauv qab no.
Cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yog suav tias yog cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj no:
- dyspepsia;
- mob plab;
- mob plab;
- cirrhosis ntawm daim siab;
- flatulence thiab lwm cov txheej txheem ntawm fermentation thiab putrefaction hauv cov hnyuv;
- kev mob nkeeg;
- hypersecretion ntawm gastric kua txiv;
- kev tsis haum;
- mob hnyav, suav nrog alkaloids thiab glycosides;
- tshuaj lom nrog ntsev ntawm cov hlau hnyav;
- bronchialhawb pob;
- salmonellosis;
- kab mob siab kab mob siab ntev thiab mob;
- kab mob hlawv nyob rau theem ntawm septicotoxemia thiab toxemia;
- mob raum tsis ua haujlwm;
- Yatopic dermatitis.
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov ntsiav tshuaj uas siv hluav taws xob feem ntau tau sau tseg kom txo qis kev tsim cov pa hauv cov hnyuv, hauv kev npaj rau x-rays thiab ultrasounds. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev poob phaus ua ib qho cuab yeej ntxiv, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij thiab xaiv cov khoom noj kom txaus.
txwv tsis pub teem caij
Ua ntej koj haus cov ntsiav tshuaj thee, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog lawv cov contraindications rau kev siv. Cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- nrog tus neeg siab zoo rau cov thee;
- nrog peptic ulcer ntawm plab hnyuv;
- rau ntshav los ntawm plab hnyuv;
- rau ulcerative colitis;
- nrog plab hnyuv atony;
- thaum noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov pib tsuas yog tom qab nqus.
Charcoal ntsiav tshuaj: cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Cov ntsiav tshuaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas ua los ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau noj 65 feeb ua ntej noj mov lossis lwm yam tshuaj.
Yuav kom tau txais qhov tsim nyog ncua, qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov tshuaj yog kom yaj hauv ib nrab ib khob dej.
Qhov nruab nrab noj txhua hnub ntawm cov tshuaj no rau cov neeg laus yog kwv yees li 1-2 g, thaum qhov siab tshaj plaws txawv ntawm 7-8 g.
Yuav suav cov koob tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau muaj rau tus menyuam, nws lub cev hnyav yuav tsum tau muab rau hauv tus account. Cov txheej txheem suav ntawm cov tshuaj no yog raws li nram no: 0.05 g / kg peb zaug ib hnub, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj 0.2 mg / kg ib zaug.
Yog tias muaj kab mob hnyav, kev kho mob nrog tus neeg sawv cev hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsum kav li 3-5 hnub, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntev los yog tsis haum - txog li ob lub lis piam. Tom qab 14 hnub, kev kho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem rov ua dua, tab sis tsuas yog raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Thaum flatulence lossis dyspepsia tshwm sim, activated charcoal yuav tsum tau noj 1-2 g plaub zaug ib hnub twg rau ib lub lis piam.
Ib qho kev ncua ua los ntawm cov tshuaj hauv nqe lus nug feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua plab hnyuv, suav nrog thaum muaj mob hnyav. Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tiav yog qaug cawv rau 30-35 g.
Nrog rau kev tso kua dej ntau ntxiv, cov neeg mob laus tau muab 10 g ntawm cov tshuaj peb zaug hauv ib hnub thaum noj mov. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoos tau txais 5 g ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7-14 xyoos - 7 g ib zaug. Cov chav kawm ntawm kev kho mob yuav tsum kav ntev li 1-2 lub lis piam.
Kev mob tshwm sim tom qab noj charcoal
Raws li cov lus qhia txuas mus, cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua tau xws li:
- dyspepsia;
- cem quav;
- ntshav siab;
- mob plab;
- hypoglycemia;
- lub rooj zaum dub xim;
- hypothermia;
- embolism;
- hypocalcemia;
- txo qis ntshav siab.
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais tias kev siv lub sijhawm ntev ntawm tus neeg sawv cev sorbent tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis haum ntawm cov protein, Ca, rog, ntau cov vitamins, as-ham thiab cov tshuaj hormones. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yuav tsum tau coj nruj me ntsis raws li cov lus qhia thiab cov tshuaj ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Kev sib tham nrog lwm yam tshuaj
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, activated charcoal, nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj sorbent, tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo rau kev nqus thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj uas tau coj mus ua ke. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no txo cov kev ua ntawm cov khoom uas ua ncaj qha rau hauv lub plab.
Txoj kev yuav khoom thiab khaws cov tshuaj
Cov lus qhia qhia meej meej tias cov pa roj carbon activated yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab cais tawm ntawm cov khoom uas tawm ntau yam roj thiab vapors. Cia cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv qhov qhib cua thiab nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntub dej txo nws cov peev xwm sorption. Txoj kev kho no raug tso tawm hauv khw muag tshuaj yam tsis muaj kws kho mob tshuaj.
Puas tau ntxuav lub cev nrog cov thee
Raws li tau hais los saum no, activated charcoal yog ib qho tshuaj detoxifying thiab adsorbing tshuaj. Yog li, nws siv tau los khi thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev. Tsis xav tias cov tshuaj no yog siv thaum poob phaus. Nws tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus uas cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv ib txwm, pab ntxuav lub cev thiabpoob phaus ntxiv.
