Protrusions: yog dab tsi? Protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs: kev kho mob

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Protrusions: yog dab tsi? Protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs: kev kho mob
Protrusions: yog dab tsi? Protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs: kev kho mob

Video: Protrusions: yog dab tsi? Protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs: kev kho mob

Video: Protrusions: yog dab tsi? Protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs: kev kho mob
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Protrusion yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab mob dystrophic hauv intervertebral discs, uas ua rau lawv degradation. Nws feem ntau cuam tshuam txog 80 feem pua ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 30 xyoo.

Protrusions - yog dab tsi

Tus kab mob no, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, qhia txog kev hloov pauv loj hauv lub cev musculoskeletal. Yeej, qhov mob no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm ib qho ntawm cov theem ntawm osteochondrosis.

protrusion yog dab tsi
protrusion yog dab tsi

Tib lub sijhawm, protrusion yog thawj daim ntawv ntawm intervertebral hernia. Nws lub ntsiab thiab thawj cov tsos mob yog mob mob nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov discs uas raug tshem tawm cuam tshuam nrog cov hauv paus hniav, nrog rau tus txha caj qaum nws tus kheej.

Yog ib tug neeg tsis nrhiav kev pab los ntawm lub tsev kho mob nyob rau lub sij hawm, nws yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo kis tau tus kab mob loj dua - herniated disc, uas thaum kawg yuav muaj ntau yam tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, protrusion ntawm tus txha caj qaum, uas loj hlob mus rau hauv hernia, yog ntau nyuaj rau kho thiab yog heev txaus ntshai rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm protrusiondystrophic hloov nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib fibrous ntawm intervertebral discs yog nrog, uas yog, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lawv cov qauv hloov, elasticity yog ploj, vim hais tias cov disc flattens thiab protrudes tshaj lub vertebra. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, nws tsim nyog xav txog tias cov fibrous disc khaws nws cov duab thiab kev ncaj ncees, kom cov nucleus pulposus tseem nyob hauv.

Protrusion ntawm tus txha caj qaum tuaj yeem yog ntau theem ntawm kev nyuaj:

1. Lub protrusion ntawm 0 mus rau 3 millimeters tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob, thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij;

2. Ib tug protrusion ntawm 3 mus rau 5 millimeters yog ib yam mob uas feem ntau nrog los ntawm tsis xis nyob thiab nquag mob. Lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshwm sim thaum lub cev hnyav. 3. Lub protrusion ntawm 5 millimeters - tus mob no twb suav hais tias yog ib tug intervertebral hernia.

Hnub no, muaj ntau yam laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm protrusion ntawm lumbar qaum. Cov laj thawj no suav nrog:

  • tus cwj pwm tsis raug;
  • kev txhim kho ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub cev;
  • kev hloov pauv;
  • tau tshaj;
  • poob ntawm lub cev cov txheej txheem metabolic;
  • hnub nyoog hloov pauv;
  • loj irrational load rau nraub qaum thiab qaum;
  • muaj cov kab mob sib kis loj hauv lub cev.

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, protrusions yog cov kab mob uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws. Dab tsi yog nws, nws yog qhov tseeb rau txhua tus, tab sis tsawgpaub tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no.

tus txha caj qaum protrusion
tus txha caj qaum protrusion

Protrusion formation stages

Txog hnub tim, cov kws kho mob tau txheeb xyuas ntau theem ntawm kev tsim cov protrusions:

  1. Thaum thawj theem, txog li 70% ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov intervertebral discs (disk) raug rhuav tshem. Lawv poob lawv elasticity thiab kab nrib pleb hauv daim nyias nyias. Cov theem no tau tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob hnyav hauv cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam.
  2. theem thib ob ntawm tus kab mob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tawm ntawm lub disc. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub nucleus pulposus txav los ntawm qhov chaw mus rau ntug, yog li, cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm fibrous disc yog stretched. Nyob rau theem no, lub disc protrudes mus txog 2-3 millimeters, vim li ntawd, qhov mob hnyav thiab tsis xis nyob hauv ntu ntu tuaj yeem hnov.
  3. theem kawg yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj zog ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, disc fibrosis ruptures thiab tsim ntawm ib tug vertebral hernia tshwm sim, mob tej zaum yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam thiab ntau yam neurological ntshawv siab tshwm sim, xws li loog ntawm cov ceg.

Kev faib tawm ntawm kev sib tw

Nws paub tias ib qho ntawm cov kab mob feem ntau ntawm tus txha caj qaum yog protrusions. Nws yog dab tsi, thiab dab tsi yog vim li cas rau lawv cov tsos - yog twb paub lawm. Cia peb kawm seb tus kab mob no puas raug cais tawm.

Yog li, qhov protrusion yog cais los ntawm hom, hom protrusion thiab qhov chaw.

Los ntawm hom protrusion yog cais ua voj voog thiab diffuse

  • Diffuse protrusion yog ib hom kab mob ntev. Nrog hom no, lub disc protrudes unevenly. Yog ibYog tias tus kab mob no tsis kho raws sijhawm, sai lossis tom qab ntawd nws yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis taus thiab tsis taus.
  • Lub voj voog protrusion - thaum lub intervertebral disc protrudes tusyees. Nrog rau hom no, cov hlab ntsha tawg tshwm sim, uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb - qhov tsos mob, loog ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ceg ceg.

2. Protrusion ntawm lub lumbar qaum yog muab faib raws li hom protrusion:

  • Central protrusion (qhov nruab nrab) - protrusion tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Feem ntau, hom kab mob no tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim, tab sis muaj kev pheej hmoo loj heev, vim tias raug tus txha caj qaum tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.
  • Posterior protrusion - protrusion ntawm intervertebral discs tshwm sim ntawm lub plab mus rau sab nraub qaum. Feem ntau, hom no cuam tshuam rau tus txha caj qaum, uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Nws hnov los ntawm qhov mob hnyav hauv thaj tsam cuam tshuam, ua txhaum ntawm kev nkag siab, qee zaum ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plab pelvic.
  • Lateral protrusion (lateral) - lub disk protrudes rau sab xis lossis sab laug txheeb ze rau tus txha nraub qaum. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov hauv paus hniav. Tsuav cov hlab ntsha tsis raug mob, tus kab mob tsis muaj tsos mob.
  • Posterior-lateral intervertebral protrusion (posterolateral) - intervertebral discs protrude rov qab mus rau sab nraub qaum thiab sab xis lossis sab laug. Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab cov qauv ntawm tus txha caj qaum. Txog rau lub sijhawm ua txhaum ntawm cov hlab ntsha tsis muajtsis muaj tsos mob.

3. Tus kab mob tau muab faib los ntawm qhov chaw: ncauj tsev menyuam, thoracic thiab lumbar protrusion.

ncauj tsev menyuam protrusion
ncauj tsev menyuam protrusion

Cervical protrusion

Cervical protrusions feem ntau ua rau kev txhim kho ntau yam teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tus txha nraub qaum. Lub txim ntawm qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib tug tsim ntawm tshiab protrusions, thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim - kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug intervertebral hernia. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem qhia qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob no:

Zoo hauv lub caj dab ntawm qhov mob ntev lossis mob hnyav.

  • Txoj caj dab txav mus los.
  • Kev mob taub hau, kiv taub hau.
  • Npaj tawg raws caj npab.
  • Ntsuag thiab tingling hauv tes.
  • qaug zog ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub xub pwg nyom thiab caj npab.

Thoracic disc protrusion

disc protrusion l5
disc protrusion l5

Vim cov qauv ntawm tib neeg lub cev pob txha, protrusion nyob rau hauv lub thoracic cheeb tsam tsim heev tsawg. Cov tsos mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem qhia pom tus kab mob no hauv thaj chaw thoracic:

  • mob ntev lossis mob hnyav hauv pob txha caj qaum, tsis xis nyob.
  • mob ntev hauv qhov chaw intercostal lossis nruab nrab ntawm lub xub pwg hniav.
  • Tingling hauv plab thiab hauv siab, loog ntawm caj dab thiab tsis hnov qab.
  • Tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob uas nyob hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam (lub siab, siab).
  • Tsis muaj zog hauv cov leeg plab.

Nws paub tias tus kab mob no feem ntau tshwm sim hauvlumbar qaum. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nws yog qhov no cheeb tsam ntawm lub rov qab uas yog tas li raug rau loj dynamic thiab static loads. Protrusion ntawm lub lumbar qaum feem ntau yog nrog:

mob ntev thiab mob hnyav hauv cheeb tsam lumbar.

  • Qhov muaj qhov mob thiab qhov tsis txaus ntseeg hauv thaj chaw lumbosacral.
  • Kev tsim ntawm sciatica.
  • Qhia kev qaug zog ntawm ob txhais ceg.
  • Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm qee qhov ntawm lub cev - loog, goosebumps, tingling.
  • Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob ntawm ib leeg lossis ob txhais ceg.
  • Nyob rau hauv qee kis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zis thiab qhov chaw mos tej zaum yuav ua tsis taus.

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim

protrusion ntawm lub lumbar
protrusion ntawm lub lumbar

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb qhov twg disk puas lawm. Tab sis kom txog rau thaum lub sij hawm xws li muaj ib tug pinching ntawm ntau tus txha caj qaum los ntawm lub disk, protrusion tuaj yeem tshwm sim kiag li yam tsis muaj tsos mob.

Feem ntau, cov tsos mob ntawm protrusion tuaj yeem tshwm sim lawv tus kheej nrog lub zog sib txawv, txhua yam nyob ntawm seb tus txha caj qaum yog khaus npaum li cas thiab lub paj hlwb raug cuam tshuam los ntawm intervertebral disc. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim tshaj plaws ntawm qhov protrusion yog qhov mob hnyav hauv qhov chaw cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau poob qhov hnov qab.

Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntau lwm qhov ntsuas uas yuav qhia tau tias muaj qhov tshwm sim:

  • mob ntev lossis mob hnyav hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam (caj dab,sab nraub qaum, thoracic qaum).
  • Nyob rau hauv migrating thiab radiating mob.
  • Kev tshwm sim ntawm sciatica.
  • Poob cov leeg elasticity thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov leeg corset hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam.
  • Kev tsis hnov tsw ntawm tus kheej sab sauv thiab qis qis.
  • Kev xav ntawm qhov tawv nqaij thiab kub hnyiab hauv cheeb tsam cuam tshuam.
  • Kev txo qis ntawm lub cev ntawm qhov hnov lus, tsis pom kev, tshwm sim ntawm mob taub hau, kiv taub hau.
protrusion ntawm lumbar qaum
protrusion ntawm lumbar qaum

Feem ntau degraded intervertebral discs

Qhov feem ntau disc protrusion yog l5, L4 / S1, vim tias cov discs no raug rau qhov hnyav tshaj plaws thaum ua txhua yam haujlwm. l5, L4 yog dorsal intervertebral discs, uas nyob rau hauv lub lumbar cheeb tsam. Thaum nqa qhov hnyav los yog zaum, muaj ntau lub siab ntawm cov discs, uas ua rau lawv degradation. S1 yog thawj disc los ntawm cov pob txha hauv plab thiab feem ntau nyuaj siab. Vim li no, cov discs no feem ntau degraded.

Raws li kev xyaum qhia, tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm protrusion ua ntej hnub nyoog 30 xyoo, qhov tseeb lawv txhua tus tshwm sim tom qab hnub nyoog no, vim nws yog lub sijhawm no uas tib neeg lub cev tau txais ntau qhov kev cuam tshuam uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo. nws noj qab haus huv.

Kev kuaj kab mob

Kev kuaj mob thaum cov tsos mob ntawm protrusion tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, pib nrog kev kuaj lub cev ntawm tus neeg mob los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, cov kws tshaj lij sivib tug series ntawm phau ntawv ntsuam xyuas uas tso cai rau koj los txiav txim qhov cuam tshuam cheeb tsam. Yog tias xav tias intervertebral protrusions, tus neeg mob raug xa mus kuaj ntxiv - ultrasound, MRI, CG, EMG, X-ray, thiab lwm yam. X-ray tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov nyuaj ntawm tus kab mob, MRI - txhawm rau tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov paj hlwb, thiab qhov loj ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov paj hlwb pab kom paub txog EMG.

Kev kho mob

lumbar protrusion
lumbar protrusion

Los ntawm cov lus hais saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias kev tawm dag zog yog ib yam kab mob hnyav heev thiab txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv. Yog li ntawd, nws txoj kev kho mob yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm cov kws kho mob paub txog.

Kev kho ntawm protrusion yog ib txoj kev sib txawv. Lawv yuav tsum tau tsom rau kev kho mob, cov ntaub so ntswg o, rov ua haujlwm lub cev muaj zog thiab normalizing rhiab heev.

Txhawm rau tsis nco qab dab tsi protrusion yog, kev kho mob kuj yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev pab ntawm ntau yam tshuaj. Ntau yam tshuaj kho mob, cov leeg nqaij so, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog siv niaj hnub no rau kev kho kom tiav thiab rov zoo.

Kuj, tshwj xeeb zaws, uas tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj peev xwm ua tau, yog qhov kev pabcuam zoo hauv kev kho tus kabmob no.

Txoj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv

Raws li tau hais los saum no, ib qho ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog cov kab mob protrusions. Nws yog dab tsi, thiab lawv tshwm sim li cas, twb paub meej lawm. Tab sis muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem txo qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm tus kab mob no.

Nws tsis nyuaj los twv qhov ntawdLumbar protrusion feem ntau tshwm sim vim deformation ntawm intervertebral discs, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau koj nraub qaum thaum ua kis las, xws li kev ncaws pob. Qhov kev ua si no pab txhawb cov leeg nqaij thiab ligaments, uas, qhov tseeb, tuav tag nrho cov qauv rov qab.

Xaus: ib qho ntawm cov kab mob rov qab uas txhua tus neeg thib ob nyob nrog niaj hnub no yog protrusion. Kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no tsuas yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom tsis txhob mob nraub qaum, mob taub hau thiab cia koj tus kheej ua haujlwm, so kom nquag plias.

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