Tib neeg daim tawv nqaij yog lub cev tsim nyog rau lub neej, npog lub cev, muaj cov qauv tsim, kev ua haujlwm ntau thiab kev sib txuas nrog txhua lub cev. Nws yog qhov qhia txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub cev kev noj qab haus huv thiab tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm ntau yam tsis zoo. Lub cev no kawm txog kev tshawb fawb ntawm histology, thiab kho cov chaw kho mob xws li cosmetology thiab dermatology. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev saib xyuas zoo, nws yuav tsum paub txog cov yam ntxwv, qauv thiab tuab ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij.
Cov tawv nqaij tawv
Tib neeg daim tawv nqaij muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Nws yog lub cev muaj ntau txheej txheej loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub cev. Tus neeg laus muaj daim tawv nqaij npog thaj tsam ntawm 1.5-1.8 m 2, hnyav 17% ntawm lub cev hnyav. Lawv yog mos, ruaj thiab yoog raws. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tiv taus cov kua dej, tsis muaj zog alkalis thiab acids, kub hloov pauv. Lawv muaj rhiab heev vim muaj ntau receptors uas kis taucov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib puag ncig hauv lub hlwb, thiab muaj peev xwm kho tus kheej.
Nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Ntawm daim tawv nqaij saum npoo av muaj cov qauv ntawm cov kab sib chaws thiab daim duab peb sab, tsim los ntawm cov zawj, uas ntawm cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw tau sau ua cov qauv tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus neeg. Qhov no feature yog siv los tsim tus kheej hauv forensics. Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ntawm cov xim ntawm nws cov ntaub so ntswg, qib ntawm translucence ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tus nqi ntawm melanin pigment. Nws txawv ntawm xim av tsaus mus rau daj ntseg liab hauv ntau haiv neeg. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog npog nrog cov plaub hau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov mucous daim nyias nyias, xib teg, soles. Cov qog nyob rau hauv qhov tob (hws, sebaceous) muaj lawv tus kheej qhov nyob rau saum npoo - pores. Hauv 1 cm 2ntawm daim tawv nqaij muaj kwv yees li 200 receptors, 5 lab cov plaub hau thiab 100 pores.
Cov qauv tawv nqaij
Daim tawv nqaij yog ib lub cev uas nyuaj heev. Nyob rau hauv ib lub microscope, ntawm ib ntu, koj tuaj yeem pom 3 ntu ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, hu ua li no: epidermis, dermis thiab hypodermis. Lawv txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, qauv thiab lub hom phiaj.
Lub epidermis yog cov ntaub so ntswg ntau txheej uas muaj peev xwm ntawm keratinization, desquamation thiab rov qab los. Thickness ntawm 0.04 hli ntawm daim tawv muag mus rau 1.6 hli ntawm cov leeg thiab xib teg. Nws yog sib cais los ntawm lub hauv paus membrane ntawm lub dermis thiab muaj 5 txheej nrog ntau lub hom phiaj, thawj 3 yog tsim los ntawm cov cell nyob, thiab lub xeem 2 yog tuag. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau ib qho haujlwm tshwj xeeb:
- basal - qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlwb epidermal thaum hmo ntuj,Kev tsim cov melanin hauv cov cell tshwj xeeb melanocytes;
- spiky - tsim cov protein keratin ruaj khov;
- grainy - daim tawv nqaij hydration;
- ci iab - tiv thaiv kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm ko taw thiab txhais tes;
- horny - exfoliation ntawm daim tawv nqaij nplai.
Cov kab mob epidermis muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha xaus thiab tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha. Cov txheej txheem ntawm daim tawv nqaij no yog nourished los ntawm lymph los ntawm intercellular tubules. Lub ntom epidermis yog kev tiv thaiv rau qhov tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Nyob rau hauv lub hau npog yog lub dermis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg muaj zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm intertwined collagen protein fibers, muab cov ntaub so ntswg elasticity thiab firmness. Nws muaj papillary thiab reticular txheej. Nyob rau hauv lub dermis muaj hws thiab sebaceous qog, capillaries, keeb kwm ntawm cov rau tes, plaub hau thiab paj hlwb. Ib tug loj tsub zuj zuj ntawm tom kawg nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij - biologically active cov ntsiab lus - siv nyob rau hauv acupuncture. Cov ntaub so ntswg muaj peev xwm kho tau kev puas tsuaj. Cov hlwb tshiab ntawm cov txheej txheem no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim los rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub hli waning, uas yog coj los rau hauv tus account thaum xaiv lub sijhawm zoo ntawm kev kho mob. Cov collagen fibers ntawm lub dermis muaj peev xwm khaws thiab khaws noo noo, uas cuam tshuam rau elasticity thiab smoothness ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub epidermis thiab dermis muaj kev sib raug zoo. Lawv kev sib koom ua ke tsis muaj zog nrog lub hnub nyoog, thiab lub hau npog tsis tau txais cov as-ham txaus thiab oxygen.
Qhov qis ntawm daim tawv nqaij - hypodermis - yog cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous uas muaj cov ntaub so ntswg adipose sib cais los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txuas. Ntawm nocov hlab ntsha thiab cov qog hws yog nyob. Xws li txheej ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij ua haujlwm los txhim kho nws lub zog, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob poob, thiab kho lub cev. Thiab kuj yog ib qho cia ntawm cov as-ham thaum muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo. Cov rog yog cuam tshuam los ntawm hnub nyoog, kev ua neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tshuaj hormonal.
Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus, lub thickness ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog kwv yees li 2 hli. Cov rau tes, cov qog (mis, hws thiab sebaceous), cov plaub hau yog adnexal formations ntawm lub hau.
Daim tawv nqaij ua haujlwm
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm ib puag ncig cuam tshuam. Cia peb xav paub ntxiv txog dab tsi ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg daim tawv nqaij ua:
- Kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg ncaj ncees nyob rau hauv ntau yam cuam tshuam: txhua yam, microbes, kab mob, hluav taws xob; kev nthuav qhia cov khoom txawv teb chaws rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg.
- tiv thaiv UV los ntawm kev tsim cov melanin hauv daim tawv nqaij, tig nws tsaus thiab ua rau cov dawb radicals thaum lub hnub raug lub hnub ntev.
- Kev tswj cua sov vim yog kev ua ntawm cov qog hws thiab cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev ua haujlwm ntawm hypodermis, uas muaj cov ntaub so ntswg adipose.
- Signal functions yog tsim los siv receptors thiab paj hlwb nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij uas qhia rau lub hlwb txog sab nraud influences thiab kub hloov.
- Excretory - tswj cov dej sib npaug los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kua dej ntau dhau ntawm lub cev nrog cov qog hws.
- Kev koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm co toxins thiab khoom pov tseg los ntawm daim tawv nqaij(acetone, urea, ntsev, kua tsib pigments, ammonia), kev siv sab nraud ntawm cov ntsiab lus lom (vitamins, kab kawm) thiab oxygen (2% ntawm lub cev pauv roj).
- Tsim cov vitamin D nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub.
- Pab hydrate thiab glide, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ib ncig ntawm ko taw thiab tes,
- Kev paub txog kev ua xua los ntawm cov hlwb Langerhans hauv daim tawv nqaij, ua kom lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Hais txog lub zog ntawm cov ntxhia, dej thiab roj pauv, daim tawv nqaij tsuas yog ob leeg rau cov leeg thiab lub siab.
hom tawv nqaij thiab mob
Raws li lub thickness ntawm cov epidermis, daim tawv nqaij yog nyias (cov plaub hau loj hlob rau nws, muaj 3-4 txheej ntawm keratinized hlwb, tsis muaj ci ntsa iab cover) thiab tuab (ntawm xib teg thiab ob txhais taw, muaj tsis muaj plaub hau, muaj tag nrho cov txheej ntawm cov epidermis, keratinized hlwb nyob rau hauv kaum tsev).
Raws li qib kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous, tib neeg cov tawv nqaij tuaj yeem muab faib ua oily, qhuav, ua ke thiab ib txwm. Thawj hom yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov qog sebaceous thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog hws, cov ntsiab lus tsawg ntawm cov rog epidermal, cov dej tuav cov fibers.
Rau cov tawv nqaij qhuav, tsis muaj cov txheej txheem txhais tau raug txheeb xyuas. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm zawm tom qab ntxuav, qhov tshwm sim thaum ntxov ntawm mimic wrinkles, sai sai poob dej thiab flakes tawm yam tsis tau siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb nourishing thiab moisturizing.
Kev sib xyaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij sib txawv hauv thaj chaw uas muaj cov haujlwm sib txawv. Yam tsawg ib txwm muaj ntawm cov epidermis qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm rov qab tau sai, zoo li zoo thiab tsis muaj oily sheen.
Nrog hnub nyoog, tus qauvdaim tawv nqaij yuav hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nws hom koj tus kheej. Rau lub hom phiaj no, tom qab 1-2 teev tom qab ntxuav, koj yuav tsum tau muab ib daim ntaub so ntswg rau koj lub ntsej muag thiab ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov prints ntawm nws.
Nyob ntawm qhov kev nkag siab ntawm cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet, daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov duab: thawj yog Celtic (dawb, hlawv sai), qhov thib ob yog Nordic (tan tsis nteg zoo), qhov thib peb yog tsaus nti European (reacts zoo rau tshav ntuj), qhov plaub - Mediterranean (tsaus, tsis hlawv), thib tsib - Indonesian (tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub hnub tsis zoo), thib rau - African American (tawv tawv heev).
Raws li qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis zoo, daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau lub xeev. Nws tshwm sim:
- sensitive;
- dehydrated;
- problematic;
- fading.
Thaum xaiv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij, hnub nyoog, hom thiab tus mob yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.
yam tsis zoo rau daim tawv nqaij
Yam cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog:
- kev huv;
- kev nyab xeeb, ncua sij hawm raug te los yog hnub;
- tsis txaus lossis ntau cov vitamins;
- kev saib xyuas tsis raug (siv cov khoom siv cawv, ntxuav nrog dej kub thiab xab npum, ua rau lub cev qhuav dej thiab sebum secretion);
- hloov pauv hnub nyoog hormonal (kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov qog sebaceous);
- noj tsis txaus thiab haus dej haus;
- mechanical teebmeem;
- ua haujlwm tsis raugendocrine, circulatory, paj hlwb, digestive systems;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- haus luam yeeb thiab cawv;
- tshuaj hormonal.
Cosmetologists xav tias daim tawv nqaij yuav mature los yog fading thaum ib tug neeg mus txog 30-40 xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib co, tsis tas yuav tag nrho, cov tsos mob: wrinkles, flabbiness, hnub nyoog me ntsis, translucent capillaries, yellowish tint, dryness., roughness. Lub hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws los pib siv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce rau lub ntsej muag thiab lub cev yog suav tias yog 35 xyoo. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom qeeb ntawm kev laus ntawm cov epidermis yog: tsum tsis txhob siv cov xab npum zoo tib yam thiab ua tib zoo tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo.
Cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov neeg laus yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob vim thinning, sagging, txo collagen, perspiration thiab sebum secretion. Nws yuav tsum tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thiab ua rau cov kab mob uas tau kawm los ntawm geriatric dermatology.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tu tawv nqaij
Tib neeg tau nkag siab txog qhov xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas tawv nqaij txij li thaum ub, thaum lawv pib siv cov dej hauv ntuj, da dej, scrapers, aromatic infusions, roj rau lub hom phiaj no. Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv suav nrog kev saib xyuas cov tawv nqaij, rau tes thiab plaub hau kom zoo. Ib qho kev kho mob tshwj xeeb - kev tu cev, kawm txog kev cuam tshuam ntawm tib neeg lub neej nyob ntawm lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Ua kom lub cev huv si ua rau muaj kev txhim kho hauv kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm, nce kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tag nrho tib neeg lub cev rau kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.
Txoj Kev Kho Mobtawv
Kev huv yog tus khub ntawm kev zoo nkauj. Kev da dej ob zaug ib hnub yog qhov tsim nyog los ua kom daim tawv nqaij huv. Txhawm rau ntxuav cov tawv nqaij ntau dua ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, nws raug nquahu kom siv tev lossis txhuam. Thawj qhov cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm cov cell tuag thiab daim tawv nqaij secretions los ntawm epidermis siv cov khoom nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo acids. Rau cov tawv nqaij qhuav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nqa tawm txhua 2 lub lis piam, rau cov tawv nqaij sib xyaw thiab oily - txhua xya hnub. Scrub yog ib qho kev npaj kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom siv rau exfoliating txheej saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm tib neeg daim tawv nqaij. Kev ua kom muaj zog ntawm keratinization thiab desquamation tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm: tsis muaj vitamin A, kev kho mob nrog qee yam tshuaj hormones, kev cuam tshuam txhua yam.
Cov xim ntawm cov epidermis tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm ultraviolet hluav taws xob rau hauv nws, txawm li cas los xij, daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv lub hnub dhau los ua ntxhib, lub cev qhuav dej, flaky, wrinkles thiab hnub nyoog me ntsis tshwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem zam tau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij nrog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab sunbathing tsis pub dhau 1 teev.
Moisturizing lub epidermis nrog maj mam patting cov tswv yim siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tom qab ib tug sawv ntxov los yog yav tsaus ntuj da dej (da dej).
Khoom noj khoom haus ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog cream yog nqa tawm nrog lub teeb txav raws cov kab zaws. Cia koj txhais tes sov thiab koj cov tawv nqaij ntub me ntsis.
Skincare
kev tu tawv nqaij txhua hnub yog tsom rau kev ntxuav, tu, tswj lub suab, thiab moisturizing. Cosmetology kev ua ub no yog ua los ntawm ntau yam txhais tau tias, tshwj xeeb yog xaiv rau hom tawv nqaij:
- -Da Dej Gel thiab Cream;
- lub cev butter;
- da dej thiab da dej ntsev;
- daim npog qhov ncauj thiab lub cev qhwv;
- tonics, gels thiab lotions;
- moisturizing thiab nourishing cream rau lub ntsej muag, caj dab, daim di ncauj, qhov muag.
Kev lig kev cai, kev saib xyuas ntau dua rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag, tab sis peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog caj dab. Hauv cov tsev kho kom zoo nkauj, ntau yam kev tshaj lij yog siv los txhim kho cov mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij:
- laser rejuvenation kom tshem tawm pigmentation thiab txhawb nqa collagen ntau lawm;
- photorejuvenation tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij nrog lub teeb pulses;
- ELOS rejuvenation nrog high-frequency tam sim no;
- thermage siv RF hluav taws xob kom sov thiab tsim collagen;
- txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv wrinkle rejuvenation;
- mesotherapy rau daim tawv nqaij zawm;
- txoj kev ozone los txhawb cov txheej txheem metabolic;
- tshuaj tev rau cardinal rejuvenation;
- txhua hom zaws.
kev saib xyuas tawv nqaij sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm lub xyoo. Qee cov txheej txheem caij ntuj no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj kev phom sij rau lub caij ntuj sov, thiab rov ua dua.
Tshuaj pleev ib ce rau cov tawv nqaij
Perfect epidermis tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv tib neeg. Greasy ci, freckles, dryness, redness thiab pob txuv ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau rau lawv cov tswv thiab ua rau lawv nrhiav kev kho kom tshem tawm cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce tshwj xeeb uas muaj kev kho mob thiab cuam tshuam nrog:
- tshem tawm kev khaus;
- txhob cia;
- tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob;
- xim txhim kho;
- ziab;
- whitening;
- pore cleansing;
- txo qis kev siv ntawm vascular network;
- tiv thaiv kev tawg tshiab;
- pob txuv tshem tawm;
- txo qhov pom ntawm dermatosis thiab eczema.
Muaj ntau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce niaj hnub rau cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub khw, ob qho tib si rau tus kheej siv thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas zoo rau cov kab mob epidermis yog ncua sij hawm, tsis tu ncua, noj zaub mov kom raug thiab tswj lub cev kom zoo rau lub cev.
Npaj qhov tseeb txog tib neeg daim tawv nqaij
2,460 ml ntawm cov ntshav hla ntawm daim tawv nqaij ib feeb. Nws tau hloov kho tag nrho txhua 28 hnub. Cov tawv nqaij, nrog rau lub ntsws, koom nrog hauv kev ua pa ntawm lub cev, 3 g ntawm oxygen nkag mus thiab 9 g ntawm carbon dioxide raug tshem tawm los ntawm nws. Ib tus neeg laus tsim tawm 700-1300 ml ntawm hws ib hnub, thiab poob 500 kilocalories. Hauv cov poj niam uas haus luam yeeb, lub cev tiv thaiv muaj hnub nyoog 4 zaug sai dua. Lub thickness ntawm tus neeg ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog txawv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm nws lub cev: lub thickest yog nyob rau hauv xib-teg thiab ob txhais taw - mus txog 10 hli, nyias nyias ntawm daim tawv muag - 0.1 hli. 182 hom kab mob nyob ntawm lub cev no.
Peb daim tawv nqaij yog khoom plig uas peb tau txais los ntawm ntuj, thiab peb yuav tsum muab pov tseg kom zoo. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los pab koj lub cev feem ntau thiab tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb hauv kev kov yeej qhov tsis zoo rau lawv. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog cov tawv nqaij noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem ua tiav nws ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb.functions.
