Cov tshuaj Antileukotriene yog ib chav kawm tshiab ntawm cov tshuaj uas txo qhov mob uas muaj kab mob sib kis los yog ua xua.
Yuav kom nkag siab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj, nws tsim nyog nkag siab tias leukotrienes yog dab tsi.
Leukotrienes
Yog cov neeg kho kom haum xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj, lawv yog fatty acids, uas yog tsim los ntawm arachidonic acid.
Leukotrienes koom nrog hauv kev txhim kho bronchial hawb pob. Raws li cov histamine, lawv yog tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj ntawm hom tam sim. Histamine tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws sai tab sis luv luv, thaum leukotrienes ua rau qeeb thiab ntev dua.
Cov tshuaj antileukotriene cais li cas?
Cov leukotrienes hauv qab no tau muab cais tawm: A4, B4, C4, D 4, E4.
Cov synthesis ntawm leukotrienes los ntawm arachidonic acid. Nws hloov mus rau leukotriene los ntawm 5-lipoxygenase. A4. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cascade tshwm sim, ua rau tsim cov leukotrienes hauv qab no B4-C4-D4. -E4. Cov khoom kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog LTE4.
Nws tau tsim muaj LTE4, D4, E4 tuaj yeem ua rau tus kab mob bronchoconstrictor Cov nyhuv, nce tso tawm ntawm cov hnoos qeev, tuaj yeem ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm edema, inhibit mucociliary clearance.
B4, D4, E4 muaj chemotactic, uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem nyiam. neutrophils thiab eosinophils hauv thaj tsam ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory.
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias leukotrienes yog tsim los ntawm macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov lus teb inflammatory. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv leukotriene feem ntau yog siv hauv bronchial hawb pob.
Tom qab cov hlwb tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov allergen thiab cov pa cua txias los yog tom qab kev tawm dag zog, cov synthesis ntawm LT tau qhib. Ntawd yog, synthesis pib thaum osmolarity ntawm cov ntsiab lus bronchial nce.
Pob pawg tshuaj
Tam sim no, tsuas yog plaub pawg ntawm cov tshuaj antileukotriene paub:
- "Zileuton", uas yog tus ncaj qha inhibitor ntawm 5-lipoxygenase.
- Kev npaj uas yog FLAP inhibitors, tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev khi cov protein no rau arachidonic acid.
- Zafirlukast, Pobilukast, Montelukast, Pranlukast, Verlukast, uas yog sulfidopeptide receptor antagonistsleukotrienes.
- Leukotriene B receptor antagonists4.
Cov tshuaj Antileukotriene ntawm thawj pab pawg thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm pab pawg thib peb yog cov feem ntau kawm. Cia peb mus saib cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov pab pawg no.
Zileuton
Zileuton yog ib qho kev thim rov qab ntawm 5-lipoxygenase. Nws muaj peev xwm inhibit qhov tsim ntawm sulfidopeptide LT thiab LT B 4. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem muaj cov nyhuv bronchodilating ntev txog tsib teev. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm bronchial spasm, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev raug cua txias lossis "Aspirin".
Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb ua pov thawj tias Zileuton, tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas mob hawb pob bronchial rau ib mus rau rau lub hlis, tuaj yeem txo tus neeg mob xav tau kev nqus β2-agonists thiab glucocorticoids. Ib koob tshuaj Zileuton tiv thaiv txham thiab ua tsis taus pa ntawm qhov ntswg rau cov neeg mob uas raug kev tsis haum rhinitis tom qab txhaj tshuaj rau qhov ntswg.
Kev kho rau 6 lub lis piam nrog kev siv "Zileuton" hauv cov neeg mob atopic hawb pob tau pom qhov tshwm sim tseem ceeb. Cov kws kho mob sau tseg qhov kev txo qis hauv qib ntawm eosinophils thiab neutrophils. Cov qog nqaij hlav necrosis kuj tseem txo qis hauv bronchoalveolar-hom lavage kua tom qab kuaj tsis haum. Dab tsi yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj antileukotriene,lub mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim yog raws li qhov no.
"Zileuton" yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv thaum lub sijhawm nws ib nrab-lub neej tshwm sim. Qhov no qhia tias cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau noj ntau txaus, txog li plaub zaug ib hnub twg. Tsis tas li ntawd, "Zileuton" tuaj yeem txo qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm theophylline. Qhov no yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yog tias theophylline thiab Zileuton yuav tsum tau coj mus ua ke. Ntawd yog, koob tshuaj thawj zaug yuav tsum raug txo. Yog tias "Zileuton" raug tshuaj rau lub sijhawm ntev, ces cov qib ntawm daim siab enzymes yuav tsum tau saib xyuas.
Tab sis muaj cov tshuaj antileukotriene tiam tshiab, cov npe ntawm lawv tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no.
txhais tau tias yog cov antagonists ntawm sulfidopeptide leukotrienes yog cov neeg sib tw xaiv ntau thiab thim rov qab blockers ntawm LT receptors D 4. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog Pranlukast, Zafirlukast, Montelukast.
Akolat (Zafirlukast)
"Zafirlukast", aka "Acolat", yog cov tshuaj uas tau kawm tshaj plaws ntawm pawg tshuaj antileukotriene. Nws kuj tseem muaj cov haujlwm bronchodilator. Cov nyhuv kav ntev heev, txog li tsib teev. "Zafirlukast" muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hawb pob nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm inhalation nrog ib tug allergen. Nws txoj kev ua tau zoo kuj tau raug pov thawj hauv kev tiv thaiv bronchospasm, uas yog provoked los ntawm huab cua txias, tshuaj aspirin, kev ua si lub cev, thiab cov pa phem. Cov tshuaj no thiab Montelukast tuaj yeem ua tauTxhim khu kev ua haujlwm bronchodilator ntawm β2-agonists.
"Acolat" ("Zafirlukast") muaj qhov nqus tau zoo, lub ncov ntawm nws cov concentration hauv cov ntshav tau mus txog peb teev tom qab nws tswj hwm. Nws ib nrab-lub neej yog me ntsis ntev dua li ntawm Zileuton, thiab yog 10 teev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm ntawm theophylline. Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau noj ib teev ua ntej noj mov lossis ob teev tom qab nws, vim tias cov zaub mov txo nws txoj kev nqus. Tus neeg saib xyuas tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg mob.
Zoo kawg
Cov tshuaj Antileukotriene rau kev ua xua tuaj yeem siv rau cov menyuam yaus, tab sis tsis yog ua ntej lawv muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuaj no, cov me nyuam raug kho nrog rov tshwm sim bronchitis, allergic rhinitis, me me bronchial hawb pob.
