Raws li kev txheeb cais, kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov neeg yws yws ntawm qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov. Qhov no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ib zaug, feem ntau cov tsos mob no tshwm sim nrog pathologies ntawm lub plab. Lub plab hlawv tsis yog ib qho piv txwv nrog kev kub siab. Mob plawv yog kho me ntsis txawv, tshwm sim txawv thiab los ntawm ntau qhov laj thawj.
Heartburn yog qhov kub hnyiab tom qab lub sternum vim qhov rov qab los ntawm plab hnyuv siab raum vim kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev faib cov sphincter ntawm lub plab thiab txoj hlab pas. Hlawv tom qab sternum yog qhov kub hnyiab hauv txoj hlab pas nrog reflux esophagitis. Qhov no ua rau kom salivation thiab qaub saj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj. Kev kub hnyiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom noj, cov khaub ncaws nruj, khoov, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, qhov kub ntawm txoj hlab pas tom qab noj mov thiab hauv plab feem ntau ua ke. Lawv etiology txawv, tab sis kev kho mob yuav luag zoo tib yam.
Ua kom kub hnyiab hauv plab
Lub plab yog kab nrog cov mucous membrane uas nws cov hlwb tsim mucin (mucus) uas hnav tiv thaivtus cwj pwm. Mucus npog cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab mus rau lub thickness ntawm 0.5 hli. Nws tsis tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov kab mob nkag mus, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv lub plab los ntawm kev txhoj puab heev hydrochloric acid thiab pepsin, uas lub plab nws tus kheej tsim. Txwv tsis pub, lub plab phab ntsa yuav pib zom nws tus kheej. Yog li, qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm acid-base tshuav nyiaj li cas hauv cov kua qaub.
Rau kev zom zaub mov, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, hydrochloric acid thiab enzyme pepsin xav tau. Lawv cov sib tov yog nruj heev, ntau heev kom nws thiaj li zom tau tej organic teeb meem. Feem ntau, hydrochloric acid yog tsim raws nraim li ntau npaum li qhov xav tau los zom cov zaub mov bolus.
Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab kuj tuaj yeem hlawv nrog qhov sib xyaw no, yog tias tsis yog rau kev tiv thaiv mucin hauv cov mucous membrane. Cov hlab pas kuj muaj cov mucous, tab sis nws tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv.
Vim li cas thiaj kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov thab tus neeg? Yog hais tias lub plab mucosa puas los ntawm ib co aggressive irritant, nws tiv thaiv functions yuav ploj.
Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev tau txais lub sijhawm nkag mus tob rau hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub plab nrog kev puas tsuaj tom qab. Qhov tshwm sim no yooj yim ua rau tsis xis nyob hauv plab tam sim tom qab noj mov.
After foods
Yog tias cov zaub mov tsis raug, rog, kib, thiab lwm yam, qhov no ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov paj hlwb thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim. Qhov tshwm sim no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yooj yim los tsim nrog kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab mucosa. Cov zaub mov yuav zoo li qub, tab sis lojntim. Tom qab ntawd overeating kuj ua rau kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj.
Yuav ua li cas noj zaub mov tsis zoo rau plab?
Zoo rau plab:
- Cov zaub mov muaj fiber ntau, nws pib ua zoo li ntawv xuab zeb, ua rau cov mucosa raug mob. Ntawm cov khoom no yog bran qhob cij, nyiam los ntawm ntau, qee cov zaub (beets, zaub qhwv nyoos) thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Ib qhov kub nyhiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom qab zib, cov nqaij haus luam yeeb, marinades, ntsim tais diav thiab zaub mov kib. Ntau yam ntawm cov khoom no muaj carcinogens, acids, trans fats thiab lwm yam teeb meem tshuaj.
- cov khoom qab zib uas muaj kua qaub ntau feem ntau ua rau mob plab me ntsis tom qab noj mov.
- Sour citrus type txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Nyob ntev ntawm cov zaub mov tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau cov mucosa.
- Nws muaj peev xwm suav nrog txhua yam cawv, khoom noj ceev, dej qab zib, chips rau cov khoom tsis txaus siab rau lub plab.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau, kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus, noj tshuaj nrog rau qhov ua rau khaus - aspirin, NSAIDs, tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej noj mov, hlau, potassium, thiab lwm yam.
- Rau qhov ua rau muaj qhov hnyav ntxiv thiab haus luam yeeb. Hauv kev rog rog, lub plab yog nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov rog, uas ua rau qeeb cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib zaub mov thiab nws qhov nqus. Yog li ntawd, kub hnyiab hauv plab thiab txoj hlab pas tom qab noj mov yog ib qho tsos mob tas li ntawm cov neeg rog rog.
Tab sis tsis yog tag nrho. Mob ntxiv rau cov tsos mob saum toj no. Hlawv hauv plab tom qab noj mov provokes ntau yam tsis kaj siabcov tsos mob. Lub voj voog vicious raug tsim, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov mucosa txuas ntxiv mus thiab tob zuj zus yog tias tsis muaj kev nqis tes ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj teeb meem heev rau overeat, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog noj hmo.
Lwm yam ua rau kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov:
- kab mob kab mob (90% ntawm tus neeg mob yog Helicobacter pylori);
- hormonal imbalance;
- khoom noj txias lossis kub;
- kas fes muaj zog;
- noj mov tsis zoo;
- diaphragmatic hernia;
- kab mob plab nws tus kheej nrog acidity siab - rwj thiab gastritis;
- kev kawm oncological;
- ib puag ncig phem;
- dej tsis zoo;
- lifting luj;
- cev xeeb tub (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj kawg, thaum lub tsev menyuam loj pib ua kom lub plab).
Symptomatic manifestations
Hlawv hauv plab tuaj yeem ua rau mob thaum sawv ntxov, mob uas tawm mus rau sab nraub qaum, belching nrog kub hnyiab ntawm caj pas. Ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob feem ntau yog xim hlau tsis hnov tsw ntawm qhov ncauj. Yog tias lub plab ci tom qab noj mov, qhov ua rau yuav ua rau mob plab lossis mob plab.
Nrog cov kab mob no, cov mucosa twb puas lawm. Thaum ib qho ntxiv ntawm cov kua qaub los yog cov kua tsib nkag rau ntawm nws, qhov mob tshwm sim, pom tau tias yog qhov kub hnyiab. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshwm sim thaum tshaib plab.
pab
Yog hais tias qhov mob ntawm sab yog ntxiv los ntawm qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab, qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm rwj lossis gastritis, qog. Tom qab ntawd muaj irradiation ntawm qhov mob hauv nraub qaum lossis tav. Esophagitiskuj ua rau mob thiab hnov kub kub hauv txoj hlab pas thiab plab.
Ntawm no yog ib qho ua ke ntawm kub hnyiab hauv plab. Belching ntawm huab cua kuj tshwm sim yuav luag ib txwm nrog cov txheej txheem ulcerative los yog noj zaub mov uas ua rau fermentation thiab gas tsim.
Nausea
Hlawv hauv plab tom qab noj mov tshwm sim nrog xeev siab ntawm gastritis thiab rwj. Tsis tshua muaj, ntuav kuj tshwm sim. Thaum cev xeeb tub, kev ntxhov siab lossis kev ntxhov siab, lub plab tsis xis nyob tsis yog qhov txawv.
Heartburn
Heartburn yuav luag txhua zaus nrog kev kub nyhiab hauv plab hnyuv, tsis hais txog etiology. Vim li cas thiaj muaj qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov? Txhawm rau kuaj pom tseeb dua, tsuas yog saib raws nraim thaum qhov kub hnyiab tshwm sim. Yog tias nws tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tom qab noj mov, feem ntau qhov no qhia tias gastritis. Los ntawm txoj kev, ib nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov pej xeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm tus kab mob no.
Thaum PUD (mob plab) mob tshwm sim ntawm lub plab khoob lossis qee lub sijhawm tom qab noj mov. Yog tias qhov kub hnyiab tshwm sim thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj, thaum muaj mob hauv epigastrium lossis sab xis, nws feem ntau yuav ua rau duodenal ulcer (duodenal ulcer).
ntsuas ntsuas
Kev kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tau kawm ntau yam:
- X-ray ntawm lub plab yog thawj txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Nws tsis muaj contraindications. Cov txheej txheem yog cov ntaub ntawv vim hais tias nws tso cai rau koj mus pom ib tug rwj nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv, ntau yam deviations nyob rau hauv lub plab, nws cov kev hloov sab nraud, raws li zoo raws li neoplasms.
- EFGDS yog txoj kev niaj hnub tshaj plaws, nrawm thiab nrovkuaj mob. Lub mucosa yog pom kiag li. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub xeev ntawm txoj hlab pas thiab lub plab, duodenum tau muab tag nrho. Kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua tiav sai txaus, tab sis muaj contraindications.
- Txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov tsim nyog vim qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog kev nce acidity. Txoj kev tshawb no tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, acidity thiab pH ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nws qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv.
- Kev tshuaj ntsuam rau qhov muaj tus kab mob - peb tab tom tham txog Helicobacter pylori. Hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, nws yog qhov ua rau mob plab. Yeej, kev kuaj ua pa yog ua rau muaj tus kab mob Helicobacter pylori. Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm lub plab kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias xav tias mob qog noj ntshav.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Ntev tsis quav ntsej qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov mucosa, cov txheej txheem inflammatory pib. Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob tom qab qhov no, qhov mob ntawm cov mucosa yuav mob ntev, tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov tob, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv dav, ntes ib cheeb tsam loj.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov mob tuaj yeem txav mus rau cov kabmob uas nyob sib ze - duodenum, gallbladder thiab pancreas kuj koom nrog ntawm no. Qhov no twb ua mob gastritis. Erosions ntawm mucosa yog hloov los ntawm plab ulcers.
Kev kho mob ntawm pathology
Hauv cov tshuaj ib txwm muaj, muaj ntau yam tshuaj los tshem tawm qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab tom qab noj mov thiab hauv txoj hlab pas. Tab sis kev kho mob tsuas yog mob xwb.
Special Diet
Qhov tseeb, nrog nws txoj kev kho thiabpib. Txwv tsis pub, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob suav rau qhov ua tiav ntawm kev kho mob. Feem ntau, kev kho mob hauv plab tom qab noj mov pib nrog kev kho cov zaub mov: tsis suav nrog cov nqaij haus luam yeeb, pastries, kib thiab rog, dej qab zib, cov zaub mov kaus poom thiab hnyuv ntxwm, cawv thiab marinades, kas fes, chocolate thiab khoom qab zib, chips, s alted ceev., cov zaub mov ntsim, kev siv cov pos hniav tas li. Hauv lwm lo lus, tag nrho cov khoom noj uas ua rau fermentation thiab nce cov roj tsim tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho.
Thaum kev kho mob, lub hauv paus ntawm kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum yog zaub kua zaub thiab nqaij qaib broths, cereals nyob rau hauv dej (qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog oatmeal) thiab steamed zaub, tsis yog acidic thiab tsis qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum yog feem ntau, hauv me me. Noj qhuav thiab taug kev tsis yog koj xaiv.
Cov npe khoom pom zoo suav nrog:
- khoom noj tshiab;
- casseroles, steam omelettes, zaub xam lav, tshuaj ntsuab, ci zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- nqaij npuas lossis stewed, nqaij rog tsis suav nrog.
- recommended qaib ntxhw, qaib, luav thiab veal.
Tshuaj
Kev faib cov nyiaj siv:
- Proton twj inhibitors lossis PPIs yog cov tshuaj uas inhibit zus tau tej cov hydrochloric acid.
- Blockers ntawm H2-histamine receptors - tseem tsom ua kom tsawg hydrochloric acid tsim. Lawv cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm parietal hlwb, uas tsim cov kua qaub.
- Acid regulators yog txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- muaj thiabdetoxification therapy - siv "Smecta" thiab activated charcoal.
- Antacids - lawv txo cov acidity thiab muaj cov nyhuv enveloping. Ntawm lawv yog Maalox, Venter, Almagel, Phosphalugel, Alfogel. Cov nyiaj no yog lub hauv paus ntawm pawg tshuaj.
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob - pab txo qis cov tshuaj hydrochloric acid, piv txwv li, "Omez", "Omeprazole", "Ranitidine" thiab lwm yam.
- Enzymatic tus neeg sawv cev - tsis pub fermentation thiab cov txheej txheem putrefactive los tsim - Festal, Mezim, Pancreatin, Panzinorm, Bisacodyl, Creon, thiab lwm yam.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev xav ntawm ci hauv plab tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kua qaub rau ntawm phab ntsa lawv tus kheej, ces siv alginates. Alginates yog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv cov kua qaub los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub plab nws tus kheej.
Tus kws kho mob feem ntau sau ntawv Omez, Gastal, Rennie, Festal, Gaviscon. Txij li cov phab ntsa ntawm lub plab thiab cov mucous membranes puas thaum lub sij hawm hlawv, lawv yuav tsum tau rov qab sai dua.
txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau rov tsim dua tshiab, misoprostol yog siv, uas ua rau kom cov hnoos qeev nce ntxiv, thiab Sucralfate nce nws txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv. Prokinetics ("Ganaton", "Motilium") normalize lub cev muaj zog kev txawj ntse.
Gastroprotectors ("Novobismol", "Venter", "Keal", "Sukras", "Trimibol") tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa hauv plab los ntawmkev ua ntawm irritating yam.
Txhawm rau txo qhov spasms, antispasmodics "Papaverine", "No-Shpa", "Spasmalgon" yog siv.
Pro- thiab prebiotics "Hilak Forte", "Maxilak", "Bifiform" thiab "Linex" yuav tsum tau los kho cov hnyuv microflora.
Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm Helicobacter pylori, cov tshuaj tua kab mob "De-Nol", "Amoxicillin", "Clarithromycin", tshuaj tua kab mob "Metronidazole" yog sau.
Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem txoj kev
Cov kev kho neeg pej xeem yog siv hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, infusions, decoctions, roj thiab ntxiv rau cov kev kho tseem ceeb:
- Baking soda tov - 1 tsp. mus rau ib khob dej. Feem ntau siv rau kub kub hauv plab thiab kub siab. Yog lawm, qhov tseeb, hauv thawj lub sijhawm, dej qab zib, raws li qhov tsis muaj zog alkali, yuav txo qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab thiab ua rau cov kua qaub ntau dhau. Tab sis tom qab ntawd daim duab hloov. Txoj kev no yog nrov raws li nws muaj teeb meem. Tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm kev kub siab, tom qab ib ntus nws rov ua dua tshiab, tab sis twb nyob rau hauv ntau dua. Soda rau kub siab thiab hyperacid gastritis yog txoj hauv kev luv tshaj plaws kom tau txais qhov txhab. Muaj ntau yam kev nyab xeeb - mis nyuj sov, tseem alkaline ntxhia dej, chamomile tshuaj yej.
- Marsh calamus cag - siv qhuav: ib pinch yuav tsum tau zom thiab nqos.
- Ntxiv rau, koj tuaj yeem noj decoction ntawm calamus hauv paus, decoction ntawm St. John's wort kuj tseem ceeb heev. Lawv qaug cawv ua ntej noj mov.
- Ua kom muaj hluav taws xob - yuav pab tau tom qab noj mov, vim nws yuav txo qis kev qaug cawv. 1 ntsiav tshuaj ntawm charcoal yog tov crushed nrog ib quarter khob dej.
- qos yaj ywm - zoo tshem tawm cov acidity siab. Qhov no yog cov tshuaj uas nrov tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob hyperacidity. Grate qos yaj ywm, nyem kua txiv los ntawm gauze thiab haus ib nrab ib teev ua ntej noj mov. Nws tau noj 4 zaug hauv ib hnub. Nws pom zoo txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob tom qab 2 lub lis piam - kub siab thiab mob ploj mus. Carrot kua txiv kuj ua haujlwm.
- ntsev - ib pinch hauv ib khob dej yuav txo qhov kub hnyiab tau.
- Buckwheat - nws kuj tau qhuav nrog qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab. Nws yuav tsum tau crushed thiab zoo sifted. Pinch noj peb zaug ib hnub.
- Poplar charcoal - nws kuj yog crushed ua ntej noj mov thiab ntxuav nrog dej.
- Los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab, koj tuaj yeem pom zoo kom haus dej los yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib qho dej ntawm licorice hauv paus, succession, celandine, kua txiv aloe, roj hiav txwv buckthorn, txiv roj roj, noob flax, dos kua txiv, kua txiv kab ntxwv - noj. txhua hnub, ob peb zaug hauv ib hnub ua ntej noj mov.
- Bee khoom - zib ntab dej, propolis.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev kho neeg pej xeem tsis tshem tawm qhov ua rau tus kab mob, lawv tsuas yog txhim kho tus neeg mob tus mob. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom kho lub plab nrog pej xeem tshuaj. Lawv yog cov pab tau raws li ib tug ntxiv. Cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb tsuas yog sau los ntawm kws kho mob gastroenterologist.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Tshuaj, txawm tias xaiv thiab sau ntawv txaus, lub plab yuav kho tsis tau yog tias txoj kev ua neej tsis hloov. Cov ntsiav tshuajtsuas tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub hnyiab hauv plab.
Thawj yam mob rau kev noj qab haus huv yog kev hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov kom raug, uas tau hais los saum toj no. Cov zaub mov yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv - hauv txhua qhov ntau thiab muaj zog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau saib xyuas txoj haujlwm kom raug thiab so. Sim kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus thiab kev xav tsis zoo tshwm sim.
