Neurogenic zais zis: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Neurogenic zais zis: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho
Neurogenic zais zis: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho

Video: Neurogenic zais zis: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho

Video: Neurogenic zais zis: ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Neurogenic zais zis yog ib lo lus siv los xa mus rau tag nrho cov kab mob tso zis. Cov kab mob no tau koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho laj thawj, uas yog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib feem ntawm lub kaw lus uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tso zis tawm raug ua txhaum cai. Raws li nrog rau lwm yam kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, qhov no pathology tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv txhua tus neeg, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas. Peb yuav tham txog kev kho mob ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic hauv kab lus no.

neurogenic zais zis
neurogenic zais zis

Cov lus qhia dav dav txog tus kabmob

Tsuas muaj ob hom kab mob no: hyporeflex thiab hyperreflex daim ntawv. Txhua daim ntawv no yog txiav txim los ntawm lub xeev ntawm tus detrusor. Kev txhim kho ntawm tus kab mob, cov tsos mob uas ua rau cov neeg mob tsis yooj yim heev, raug kuaj pom los ntawm tag nrho cov npe ntawm ntau yam kev tshawb fawb kho mob. Ua ntej, kev kuaj mob neurological thiab urological raug sau tseg. Kev kho mobLub zais zis neurogenic yog kho los ntawm kev siv tshuaj thiab tsis siv tshuaj, qee zaum cov kws kho mob siv catheterization, thiab lwm yam, yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kws phais.

Cov kws kho mob ntsib qhov tsis zoo no feem ntau, thiab nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev yeem siab rov qab nrog cov zis tso zis. Qhov no feem ntau provoked los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab ntxiv rau, cov kab mob organic ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nrog rau cov chaw zov me nyuam uas muaj lub luag haujlwm los tswj cov txheej txheem zoo li no.

Tus kab mob pathology yog dab tsi?

Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic, qhov ua rau nyob deb ntawm ib txwm tsis meej, yog nrog los ntawm ntau yam kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas yuam kom ib tug neeg tso tseg ntau yam kev sib raug zoo thiab kev xyiv fab ntawm lub neej, yog li ua txhaum nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog zej zog.

Ntau zaus, tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txhim kho lub zais zis neurogenic, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cheeb tsam pelvic. Feem ntau, nrog rau nws, muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zis, uas yog dystrophic lossis inflammatory hauv xwm. Piv txwv li, qhov no tshwm sim nrog pyelonephritis thiab ureteral reflux, uas provokes loj pathologies xws li mob raum tsis ua hauj lwm, arterial hypertension thiab nephrosclerosis. Tom ntej no, nrhiav seb yog vim li cas tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no.

neurogenic zais zis hauv kev kho menyuam yaus
neurogenic zais zis hauv kev kho menyuam yaus

Causes of the Syndrome

Qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob no feem ntau yog qhov ua tsis tiav uas tshwm sim ntawm ib qhotheem ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem tso zis. Ntawm cov neeg laus, tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev raug mob ntawm tus txha caj qaum, thiab ntxiv rau, lub paj hlwb, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob stroke, phais, compression lossis pob txha pob txha. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic (ICD N 31.2) tej zaum yuav yog qee yam kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm feem ntau inflammatory los yog degenerative xwm. Nws tshwm sim tias qhov ua rau yog qog nqaij hlav, xws li tuberculoma, nrog rau polyneuropathy, uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab, ntshav qab zib lossis tshuaj lom neeg keeb kwm. Tsis tas li, cholesteatomas feem ntau yog qhov ua rau, nrog rau kev nthuav tawm encephalomyelitis, encephalitis, lossis polyradiculoneuritis.

Neurogenic zais zis hauv cov menyuam yaus muaj ntau heev. Xws li ib tug pathology tuaj yeem yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev yug me nyuam los yog kev xeeb tub hauv cov kab mob urinary. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau muaj tus mob no hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem yog teeb meem congenital nrog rau lub paj hlwb. Tom qab kev txom nyem ib tug kab mob neurological, thiab nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tom qab cystitis, lub elasticity ntawm lub zais zis yuav txo, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws muaj peev xwm txo. Cov txheej txheem no provoke nws incontinence.

Cov tsos mob ntawm pathology

Cov tsos mob tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic uas tshwm sim thaum muaj qhov txhab nyob saum nruab nrab, cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab tso zis tas li, uas tshwm sim ntau dua li cov neeg noj qab haus huv. Stranguria, uas nquag tso zis, kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim.mob tau pom. Kev tso zis kuj tseem ua tau.

Tsis muaj qhov tsim tau zoo hauv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no. Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cuam tshuam rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg mob uas raug yuam kom muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab ntshai thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tsos mob zoo li no ib txwm tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm tsis zoo tshaj plaws.

neurogenic zais zis hauv kev kho cov poj niam
neurogenic zais zis hauv kev kho cov poj niam

Cov tsos mob zoo li no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev poob lossis txo qis ntawm kev yeem tswj xyuas cov txheej txheem tso zis. Nws kuj qhia txog kev ploj tuag ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm lub detrusor. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo neurogenic, qhov xav tau ntawm cov zis tsis ntim rau hauv lub zais zis, thaum tso zis ywj pheej tau khaws cia.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov txhab ntawm lub sacrum

Yog tias qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab poob rau ntawm thaj chaw saum lub sacrum, ces detrusor hyperreflexia yuav tshwm sim. Kev tso zis sai sai feem ntau tshwm sim, piv txwv li, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hlwb. Qhov peculiarity ntawm kev raug mob ntawm tus txha caj qaum yog tias cov kwj dej reticulospinal raug kev txom nyem, uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov detrusor, thiab ntxiv rau, urethral sphincter. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug involuntary txheej txheem ntawm contraction ntawm lub urethral sphincter. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los no, tso zis tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm thiab lub siab hauv lub zais zis nws tus kheej nce.

Nrog xws li pathologies ntawm tus txha caj qaum, nquagtso zis. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau tso zis. Yog li, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tso zis tsis raug cais tawm, tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm stranguria tau pom. Ib qho piv txwv nrov ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic (raws li ICD 10 code peb twb tau hais lawm) yog kev tso zis sib sib zog nqus, uas dhau ntawm lub sijhawm. Thaum lub sij hawm cuam tshuam ntawm lub dav hlau, ib tug neeg muaj mob nyob rau hauv lub perineum thiab lub plab mog. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, lub zais zis yuav tsis khoob kiag li. Cov zis ntxiv ua rau muaj ntau yam mob uas tshwm sim hauv lub zais zis thiab nws txoj hauv kev. Thaum cov kab mob no tshwm sim, striated sphincter yuav tsis so kom txaus, ua rau tib neeg ua rau tuag tes tuag taw. Qhov no tuag tes tuag taw ua rau sphincter incontinence.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov txhab nyob rau hauv lub sacrum

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov mob tshwm sim ncaj qha rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub sacrum, lub reflex contractions ploj mus. Tsis tas li ntawd, striated sphincter kuj poob nws lub peev xwm los cog lus. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus neeg mob yuav plam qhov xav tso zis. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas, tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev yaum, tus neeg mob tsis ua qhov yuam kev, lub zais zis yuav dhau thiab tso zis yuav tshwm sim. Tej zaum kuj yuav muaj teeb meem tso zis, uas yuav qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug nyias kwj, tab sis lub zais zis yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug sacral lesion, ib tug neurogenic zais zis, cov kev kho mob uas tsis tau ua raws sij hawm, yuav ua tau ntau yam kab mob, thiabNtxiv rau, kev ua txhaum cai. Piv txwv ntawm cov teeb meem xws li kev loj hlob ntawm vesicoureteral reflux, mob raum tsis ua haujlwm thiab pyelonephritis.

neurogenic zais zis dysfunction
neurogenic zais zis dysfunction

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias kev ua txhaum loj raug soj ntsuam nrog txhua qhov zais zis. Neurogenic tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub zais zis hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus feem ntau tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cystitis, uas yog ua rau sclerosis ntawm lub zais zis, thiab ntxiv rau, nws wrinkling. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov teeb meem no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau mus rau qhov loj ntawm lub zais zis los ntawm kev phais.

Diagnostics

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias hauv cov kab mob no cov tsos mob muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab nyuaj, yog li nws nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, rau kev siv ntawm kev kho kom raug, nws yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kuaj mob, tab sis kuj yuav qhia tau meej lub pathogenesis ntawm tus kab mob. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim thiab nyob rau hauv lub cev twg.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov kws kho mob ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg mob. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm kawm txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tso zis, txhawm rau txiav txim siab seb puas muaj lwm yam tshwm sim hauv daim ntawv ntawm malaise, nqhis dej, pom kev cuam tshuam, thiab ntxiv rau, kev mob plab hnyuv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom paub meej cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub zog ntawm cov zis. Kev tsim kho ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob yuav tsum tau ua kom yooj yim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov muaj cov kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb. Hauv particular, cov pathologies uas yog nrog los ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw ntawm qislub cev cheeb tsam. Lub xub ntiag ntawm kev raug mob taub hau thiab txha caj qaum yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.

Kev kho mob zais zis neurogenic
Kev kho mob zais zis neurogenic

Kev kuaj tus neeg mob

Thaum lub sijhawm teem tseg, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob, ntsuas, ua ntej tshaj, nws qhov tsos. Piv txwv li, qee zaum muaj kev tsis meej pem hauv kev taug kev, thaum tus neeg tuaj yeem dov ntawm ib sab mus rau sab. Taug kev no kuj hu ua os. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws kho mob ua ib qho kev tshawb fawb ntawm reflexes nrog rau kev rhiab heev. Kev kuaj pom pom nrog palpation qhia pom muaj fistulas, txha caj qaum hernias, thiab ntxiv rau, kev txhim kho ntawm coccyx thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov teeb meem nrog kev tso zis thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm defecation tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntxhiab tsw nrog rau cov stains ntawm linen thiab hypertrophy ntawm foreskin. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug los ntsuas qhov mob ntawm lub zais zis (nws qhov mob) thiab kuaj xyuas lub raum rhiab heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab qhov muaj sphincter atony.

Kev kuaj X-ray

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev kuaj sim, qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub zais zis neurogenic (ICD code N 31.2) yog kev kuaj zis thiab kuaj raws li Zimnitsky. Kev sim ntshav kuj tseem tau kho los pab txhawm rau pab kom paub, nrog rau ntau qhov kev kuaj ntshav ntshav uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los kuaj cov ntshav hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj peev xwm uas tsis ua hauj lwm. Ntawm lwm yam, kev sim tshem tawm tau ua tiav.

neurogenic zais zis hauv cov poj niam
neurogenic zais zis hauv cov poj niam

Ib yam tseem ceeb sib npaug hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj mob tus mob no yogX-ray xeem:

  • Ua daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas hluav taws xob, uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov loj ntawm lub raum, thiab ntxiv rau, lub zais zis. Txoj kev tshawb no qhia txog kev sib cais ntawm tus txha caj qaum nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm coccyx. Nws tseem tuaj yeem paub meej tias muaj tus txha caj qaum thiab lwm yam deformities.
  • Urethrocystography rau cov zais zis neurogenic hauv cov poj niam ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab qhov tso zis ntawm lub zais zis nrog rau qhov nqaim lossis nthuav dav ntawm cov urethra, cuav diverticula thiab lwm yam.
  • Excretory urography tso cai rau koj pom cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub plab, thaum ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum.
  • Ascending pyelography. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias niaj hnub no cov txheej txheem no tsis tshua muaj siv ncaj qha.
  • Kev ua yeeb yaj kiab radioisotope renography. Txoj kev tshawb no ntsuas qhov mob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub raum.

Ultrasound scanning kuj tau ua nrog rau ntau yam kev tshawb fawb urodynamic hauv daim ntawv ntawm cystometry, uroflowmetry, sphincterometry thiab profilometry. Lub zais zis neurogenic, uas nws ua rau tseem tsis paub txawm tias kev tshawb fawb, hu ua idiopathic los ntawm kws kho mob.

Kev kho cov zais zis neurogenic

Tom qab kuaj pom, tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab tus kws kho mob urologist ua kev kho tib lub sijhawm. Kev kho mob yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov teeb meem, muaj qee yam teeb meem, muaj keeb kwm ntawm pathologies, thiab ntxiv rau, nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg mob. Kev kho mob rau tus kab mob no suav nrogkev kho mob, uas tsis yog-pharmacological thiab phais kev cuam tshuam. Kev kho mob ntawm lub zais zis neurogenic hauv cov menyuam yaus pib nrog txoj kev maj mam tshaj plaws.

Hais txog hom kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv tau yooj yim kho. Raws li txoj cai, cov tshuaj uas txo cov zais zis cov leeg nruj thiab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig pab cov neeg mob. Feem ntau, cov neeg mob tau muab tshuaj tricyclic antidepressants, piv txwv li, Melipramin. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau ntau yam adrenergic blockers lossis tshuaj anticholinergic hauv daim ntawv ntawm Propanthelin, Buscopan lossis Oxybutynin.

Cov kev xaiv tsis siv tshuaj rau cov zais zis neurogenic suav nrog kev tawm dag zog, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev cob qhia pelvic leeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg mob tau sau ntawv kom ruaj khov ntawm kev haus dej haus cawv nrog rau kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub kom raug, kho lub cev thiab txoj kev kho mob hlwb.

neurogenic zais zis mcb 10
neurogenic zais zis mcb 10

Daim ntawv tsis muaj zog ntawm tus kab mob yog txuam nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev kho mob ntawm cov zais zis neurogenic hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntim lub zais zis tsis tu ncua, qee zaum siv catheterization. Ntawm cov tshuaj, ntau yam cholinomimetics raug suav hais tias zoo, uas txhim kho lub zais zis thiab txo qhov ntim ntawm cov zis seem. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, cov kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj alpha sympathomimetics nrog alpha-blockers. Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm zais zis hypotension, feem ntau yuav tsum tig musphais kev cuam tshuam. Piv txwv li, transurethral funnel resection ntawm lub zais zis caj dab yog ua, uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus los ntawm nias rau ntawm lub zais zis. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug hyperactive daim ntawv ntawm pathology, ib tug incision yog ua nyob rau hauv lub sab nraud sphincter, vim hais tias lub siab txo. Tom qab ua haujlwm zoo li no, kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus detrusor raug kho raws sijhawm.

Yuav ua li cas lwm yam kev kho mob zais zis neurogenic hauv cov poj niam thiab txiv neej koom nrog?

Nrog tus mob no, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem ua rau lub zais zis loj dua siv txoj kev phais. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov ntaub so ntswg yas thiab ureteral reflux raug tshem tawm. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov kws kho mob teeb tsa lub cystostomy ntws, uas yuav ua kom cov txheej txheem tshem tawm.

Raws li ib feem ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub zais zis neurogenic tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov kws kho mob qhia kom saib xyuas tag nrho cov zis ntau zaus, ntuav, thiab tseem saib xyuas qhov siv dav hlau. Yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam me ntsis lossis hnov qab tias lub zais zis tsis ua kom tag nrho, koj yuav tsum teem sijhawm nrog tus kws kho mob urologist nrog tus kws kho mob hlwb rau kev teem sijhawm. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no yuav pab txheeb xyuas qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob thaum ntxov, uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tom qab kom tsis txhob muaj kev phais mob hauv kev kho cov zais zis neurogenic hauv cov menyuam yaus.

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