Caries suav hais tias yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus. Txij li thaum tus menyuam mos cov hniav tsis tshua muaj zog, thiab kev tu feem ntau tsis ua kom zoo txaus, muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Ntau txoj kev siv los tiv thaiv qhov no. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog kev kho hniav fissure sealing. Dab tsi yog piav qhia hauv kab lus.
Dab tsi yog qhov tawg?
Fissures yog hu ua anatomical grooves, grooves, kab noj hniav ntawm zom ib feem ntawm cov hniav. Nyob rau hauv qhov tob, lawv txawv - los ntawm 0.3 hli mus rau 0.25 cm Thaum noj mov, cov grooves ua clogged nrog zaub mov, uas yog vim li cas pathogenic microflora tsim. Yog li ntawd, caries tshwm thiab cov hniav puas. Qhov no yog vim cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov recesses, thiab kuj tshwm sim vim lub thinness ntawm enamel nyob rau hauv qhov tob.
Fissures muaj cov qauv hauv qab no:
- nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob;
- poob-zoo li;
- funnel-puab;
- polypoid.
Thaum tu, cov grooves nyuaj los ntxuav nrog txhuam tsis tu ncua. Enamel ntawm cov hniav hluas tsis muaj zog heev, yog li hauv cov menyuam yaus feem ntaucaries tshwm sim. Yog vim li cas cov kws kho hniav qhia txog kev sib khi, lossis kev sib khi.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Fissure sealing of teeth - yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog kev kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hniav, yooj yim rau cov chaw caries, uas yog hu ua fissures. Cov chaw no nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov hniav zom thiab feem ntau tsis zoo nrog kev tu cev. Fissure sealing suav nrog kev sau cov chaw so nrog cov khoom siv txhim khu kev qha uas tsis tso cai rau cov hniav tuaj yeem tiv nrog cov kab mob thiab zaub mov. Cov txheej txheem tsis ua rau tus menyuam tsis xis nyob, vim nws tsis mob kiag li.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kev sib tsoo ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau zam tau yooj yim heev. Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig yog enamel ntxiv dag zog. Yog hais tias tus hniav nyuam qhuav tau tawg, ces nws yuav tsis muaj zog txaus, yog li cov kab mob tsis zoo. Thiab txij li thaum menyuam yaus txoj kev nyiam huv tsis zoo tag nrho, thiab ntxiv rau, cov menyuam yaus nyiam cov khoom qab zib, kev tiv thaiv sealant yuav yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem
Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas, fissure sealing muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:
- Kev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo heev rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus.
- Kev tiv thaiv kab mob caries.
- tiv thaiv kab mob kis thib ob.
- Sealant sealant zoo kawg nkaus kho cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm hauv cov hniav.
Tab sis, raws li kev tshuaj xyuas, kev sib khi ntawm cov hniav muaj qhov tsis zoo. Qee cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg hais tias vim yog kev kho gel, kev loj hlob ntawm cov hniav thiab tsim kom zoo ntawm cov hniav tsis zoo. Raws li lawv, kev siv cov sealant tsis tsim nyog.
Tseem kuj muaj kev xav ntawm cov kws kho mob tias cov sealant yuav tsum tau nchuav rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus nkaus xwb. Unfilled unevenness yuav ua rau loj hlob ntawm caries. Txij li qhov no yog qhov nyuaj rau kev kuaj xyuas tom qab cov txheej txheem, nws tuaj yeem mus txog qhov uas cov hniav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, tsuas yog tus kws tshaj lij yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem, txwv tsis pub muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Thaum twg tus txheej txheem ua tiav?
Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev xav ntawm cov kws kho mob, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nws feem ntau ua tiav ntawm:
- tob thiab nqaim fissures hauv cov hniav;
- pigmented fissures, uas yog, yog tias lawv raug puas los ntawm cov kab mob;
- fissure caries;
- muag hniav ntawm sab nraud;
- kev tsis haum qhov ncauj.
Fissure sealants yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo hauv cov rooj plaub no. Cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo yuav tiv thaiv cov hniav kom tsis txhob lwj los ntawm caries.
YContraindications
Fissure sealants hauv menyuam yaus ua tsis tau yog:
- dav thiab qhib qhov tawg;
- tsis nkag siab rau cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem;
- hniav lwj;
- muaj cov hniav uas nyob ib sab cuam tshuam los ntawm caries;
- hniav ntau tshaj 4 xyoo dhau los thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kab mob.
Thaum fissures hloov xim, sealing yuav yog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Nws yuav tiv thaiv tus menyuam los ntawm ntau yam teeb meem hniav.
khoom
Yuav siv cov fissure sealant li cas? Lub sealant yog siv rau cov txheej txheem. Nws yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov uas ua kom tawv thaum raug lub teeb. Nws muaj fluidity siab, uas tso cai rau cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw nyuaj ntawm cov hniav.
Lub sealant yog noo noo tiv taus, txhais tau tias nws tsis puas los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog qaub ncaug. Vim li no, cov ntawv thov sealant tuaj yeem kav ntev li 3-5 xyoos, tab sis muaj cov xwm txheej thaum nws tseem nyob ntawm cov hniav rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas, cov txheej txheem no zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv cov teeb meem hniav rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Txhua qhov xwm txheej, txhua yam khoom tsim nyog raug xaiv los ntawm tus kws kho mob, uas yuav tsum tau tham nrog tus neeg mob ua ntej. Nws nyob ntawm qhov mob ntawm cov nqaij tawv tawv ntawm cov hniav thiab cov qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yog xav tau:
- Cov khoom sib xyaw. Lawv tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nrog lub teeb-kho los yog chemically cured composite. Niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv ua kua yog siv. Nrog lawv, fissures yog qualitatively kaw nrog lawv zoo heev qhov tob thiab muaj zog branching. Composites kaw qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev, tsis yaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab tsis puas los ntawm cov zaub mov.
- Comcomeric compounds. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj dej ntau dua li yav dhau los saib. Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog lub peev xwm tso tawm cov tshuaj fluorine thaum sib cuag nrog cov kua hauv lub qhov ncauj.
- Cements nrog iav ionomers. Feem ntau lawv siv rau cov enamel tsis muaj zog. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj active fluorine, uas nyob rau lub sij hawm ntev nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov hniav. nwsmuab ob npaug tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev ntxiv dag zog rau enamel thiab sealing fissures.
Zoo li enamel, cov ntaub ntawv sib khi yuav raug hnav. Yog tias qhov saum npoo yog hnav, nws tuaj yeem hloov tau. Lub sijhawm kwv yees yog 1-3 xyoos.
Methods
Yuav ua li cas fissure sealing txoj kev siv? Lub sealant yog kho nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev:
- Kev pom lub teeb. Cov khoom ua kom khov tom qab siv lub teeb.
- tshuaj lom neeg. Kev kho yog pom tom qab muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Sealant tuaj yeem pob tshab (siv ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm caries) thiab xim (zoo rau kev saib xyuas kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov txheej). Cov tshuaj feem ntau suav nrog Fissulite, UltraSeal XT thiab Fissurit.
Txoj kev ua haujlwm
Kev sealing ntawm cov hniav ntawm cov mis nyuj zoo. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv lub sealant tom qab tawg, thaum lub fissures tsis npog los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov pos hniav. Qhov no feem ntau pom ntawm 2-2.5 xyoo. Yog tias koj tsis ua tiav cov txheej txheem, ces koj yuav tsis muaj sijhawm, vim tias cov hniav zom cov hniav tshwm sai sai.
Fissure sealing yog ua rau ntawm cov hniav mus tas li. Raws li kws kho hniav, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua tom qab lawv tawg. Cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv thawj rau lub hlis, raws li ib tug mus tas li hniav tshwm. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, nws qhov chaw zom khoom yog muaj rau kev ua, thiab cov enamel tseem tsis tau raug puas tsuaj los ntawm cov kab mob.
Tseem txheej txheem
Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas pom zoo, fissure sealing hauvcov menyuam yuav tsum tau ua tom qab kuaj xyuas los ntawm kws kho mob. Tus kws tshaj lij yuav xaiv txoj kev tsim nyog. Muaj 2 txoj hauv kev:
- Tsis txhob tawm tsam. Ntxiv nrog rau kev npog nrog lub sealant, tsis muaj lwm yam kev ntsuas tau ua nrog cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov hniav. Cov txheej txheem yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov hniav mus tas li thiab cov mis nyuj uas nyuam qhuav tawg, thaum lub fissures muaj cov qauv yooj yim, thiab tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tsis muaj kev poob siab ntawm caries.
- Ntxhis. Hom fissure sealing no suav nrog kev nthuav dav qhov tawg nrog lub laum. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, yuav tsis muaj kev nkag mus tob dua li txheej txheej enamel. Cov txheej txheem yog siv yog cov furrows muaj ib tug complex zoo los yog lawv raug kaw los ntawm masticatory tubercles. Tus kws kho hniav kuaj xyuas seb puas tsis muaj kab mob hauv qab ntawm qhov kev sib cav - tus kws kho mob yuav tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog kab mob los ntawm lwm txoj kev.
Xaiv txoj hauv kev kom raug rau kev sib khi cov grooves masticatory, tus kws kho mob ua kev kuaj xyuas, x-rays thiab lwm txoj hauv kev los kuaj xyuas qhov tob thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm fissures. Ob txoj kev yog suav hais tias zoo thiab nyab xeeb. Fissure sealants nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus raug tshaj tawm los muab kev tiv thaiv kab mob mus ntev.
txheej txheem ua li cas?
Fissure sealing yog ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Kev ntxuav tu ua los ntawm kws kho hniav kom ua kom tshem tau cov quav hniav los ntawm cov hniav uas kho tau thiab ua tiav qhov qhuav, du.
- Cov hniav yuav tsum tau muab yaug thiab qhuav, thiab muab cov paj rwb npog kom cov qaub ncaug tsis nkag mus.
- Cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb yog siv rau cov hniav kom ua rau saum npoosiab heev.
- Cia li ntxuav thiab ziab dua, thiab mam li kho nrog lub sealant, uas muab faib sib npaug nrog kev sojntsuam.
- Siv lub teeb, tus kws kho mob xyuas kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj xyuas qhov txhaws txhaws.
- Siv cov ntawv carbon, tus kws kho hniav txheeb xyuas qhov chaw uas cov khoom siv ntau dhau tau siv, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv raug tshem tawm nrog lub tshuab sib tsoo.
Tom qab kho mob
Fissure sealants yog cov tshuaj zoo heev rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tom qab cov txheej txheem, zom nto ntawm cov yas ua glossy thiab du. Nws ua ib yam nkaus. Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, cov hniav tuaj yeem hloov xim dawb.
Raws li qhov pom ntawm qhov chaw, nws yuav ua tau los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm txheej sealant. Yog tias qhov saum npoo yog npub thiab tsis sib xws, ces nws muaj kev tiv thaiv qis. Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kev tiv thaiv:
- Lub sijhawm thawj ob peb teev, tsis txhob noj zaub mov kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm txheej txheej.
- Tsis txhob noj zaub mov noj thawj hnub.
- Tom qab ntawd rau kev ntxuav nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov txhuam hniav nrog cov txhuam muag muag lossis qhov nruab nrab hardness.
- Thaum lub sealant nyob rau ntawm cov hniav, tsis txhob siv cov txhuam hluav taws xob vim lub siab ceev ntawm lub taub hau yuav ua rau puas sai.
- Tsis txhob siv tshuaj txhuam hniav.
- Thaum tus txheej txheem, tsis txhob tso siab ntau rau ntawm qhov zom.
Feem ntau nrog kev tiv thaiv kev saib xyuasCov txheej tiv thaiv yog khaws cia rau 5 xyoos. Tab sis tsis muaj kev kwv yees qhov tseeb. Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 4-6 xyoo, lub sealant poob nws txoj kev ncaj ncees tom qab 3 xyoos. Lub sijhawm tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws siv rau cov tub ntxhais hluas. Ces sealing kav mus txog 8 xyoo.
Tus nqi
Tus nqi ntawm kev sib khi ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog dab tsi? Txhua lub tsev kho mob muaj tus nqi sib txawv. Nws nyob ntawm ntau yam. Tus nqi kwv yees ntawm fissure sealing yog 600-1500 rubles. Tus txheej txheem invasive ntawm ib tug mis nyuj hniav yog hais txog 800 rubles. Tus nqi ntawm fissure sealing rau ib tug ruaj khov yas pib los ntawm 1300 rubles. Nrog rau txoj kev invasive, tus nqi nce 300-500 rubles.
Tus neeg laus
Feem ntau, sulcus kaw hauv cov neeg laus cov neeg mob yog ua tiav invasively, nyob rau hauv uas cov crevices tau pib qhib, ua raws li los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tu. Cov kauj ruam zoo li cov txheej txheem menyuam yaus:
- Tus qauv thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tawg yog teev los ntawm X-ray.
- Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov txhuam hniav thiab cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb, cov hniav ntawm cov hniav raug ntxuav. Feem ntau siv ultrasound lossis sandblasting. Cov khoom seem ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav tawm.
- Tom qab ntawd, cov tawg yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab qhuav. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev ua pa nrog cov gel uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphoric acid.
- Sealant tau muab tso rau hauv qhov qhib thiab ntxuav cov kab nrib pleb, faib rau saum npoo. Cov nyiaj seem yuav tsum raug tshem tawm.
- Tom qab ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub teeb-polymer teeb yog ua kom tawv nqaij, thiab thaum kawg, kev sib tsoo thiab polishing ntawm cov enamel yog ua.
Effect
Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib khiCov tshuaj muaj fluorine ions, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntxiv dag zog rau. Nws tiv taus acids.
Tom qab cov txheej txheem, txheej txheej tiv thaiv tshwm rau ntawm cov hniav, uas tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic uas ua rau caries. Kev ua tau zoo tsuas yog txo qis thaum cov nplaum raug rhuav tshem.
Yog li, kev sib khi sib khi tau lees paub tias yog txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob zoo. Nws tau ua nyob rau hauv ntau lub chaw kho hniav rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Muab qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntau, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias feem coob ntawm cov neeg mob txaus siab rau txoj kev.
