Nyob rau hauv kev kho cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob plawv, cov kws kho mob tsom mus rau kev siv cov tshuaj antianginal, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hypertensive thiab antiarrhythmic.
Raws li cov kev tshawb fawb loj hauv ntau lub chaw, cov tshuaj no muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm myocardial infarction, stroke, tob vein thrombosis, txhim kho qhov zoo thiab lub neej expectancy ntawm cov neeg mob plawv.
Kev siv cov tshuaj antithrombotic niaj hnub, tshwj xeeb yog IIb / IIIa paj hlwb antagonists, muab sijhawm ntxiv los txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kho mob thrombosis lossis thromboembolism.
Cov peev txheej loj nyob hauv kev ua kom zoo rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ib txwm muaj.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauvntsiav tshuaj thiab ampoules
Peb pawg tseem ceeb yog siv los tiv thaiv thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob thrombosis:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob:
- "Aspirin".
- Y"Dipyridamole".
- "Indobufen".
- "Ticlopidine".
- "Clopidogrel".
Ntxiv rau, angiotensin receptor inhibitors ntxiv kev faib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob:
- "Lamifiban".
- "Integrilin".
Anticoagulants:
- "Heparin".
- "D alteparin".
- "Nadroparin".
- "Parnoparin".
- "Reviparin".
- "Enoxaparin".
- "Sulodexide".
Direct thrombin inhibitors - "Hirudin".
Indirect:
- "Acenocoumarol".
- "Coumarin".
- "Phenindion".
Lub txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj antithrombotic ua nyob rau hauv lub blockade ntawm receptors ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Cov tshuaj nquag inhibits platelet aggregation, vim li ntawd, kev sib txuas ntawm adenosine triphosphate rau lawv cov paj hlwb raug thaiv.
Thaum siv cov tshuaj no, cov ntshav txhaws txo qis thiab nws cov khoom rheological txhim kho.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob:
- Hypertension (ib kab mob uas muaj ntshav siab txaus).
- kab mob plawv ischemic (organic thiab functional kab mob ntawm lub plawv cov leeg, uas yog provoked los ntawm ib tug deficiency los yog cessation ntawm myocardial microcirculation).
- Kev ua txhaum ntawm microcirculation hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub hlwb.
- Cov txheej txheem pathological hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis.
- Kev mob ischemic nres (mob kev ua txhaum ntawm lub microcirculation ntawm lub hlwb vim ischemia, ib qho kev mob ntawm lub paj hlwb uas provoked los ntawm ischemia ntawm ib feem ntawm lub hlwb lossis qaum qaum).
- Thrombophlebitis (ib kab mob uas muaj kab mob ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab tsim cov ntshav txhaws uas kaw nws lub lumen).
- Stroke (mob ua txhaum ntawm microcirculation ntawm lub hlwb, uas ua rau lub hlwb tsis tu ncua).
- Retinopathy hauv ntshav qab zib mellitus (kev puas tsuaj rau lub retina ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm txhua lub hauv paus chiv keeb).
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj no yog siv los tiv thaiv kev mob stroke, ua ntej lossis tom qab kev phais, stenting, nrog rau angioplasty lossis coronary artery bypass grafting. Tus kws kho plawv, nrog rau tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho mob phlebologist, tuaj yeem sau ntawv siv cov tshuaj no.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws muaj ntau qhov kev txwv.
YContraindications
Tshuaj muaj qee yam txwv, piv txwv li:
- plab hnyuv thiab duodenal rwj thaum exacerbation.
- Kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov muaj feem yuav los ntshav.
- Hemorrhagic diathesis(ib pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj kev xav ntau ntxiv rau subcutaneous hemorrhage thiab los ntshav).
- mob raum mob.
- Hemorrhagic stroke (ib kab mob cuam tshuam nrog los ntshav hauv lub hlwb lossis hauv qab nws daim nyias nyias thiab ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev).
- siab tsis ua haujlwm.
- Bronchial hawb pob (qhov mob ua paug ntawm cov kab mob ua pa nrog ntau yam ntawm tes).
- Kidney disease.
- Terminal heart failure (ua txhaum lub peev xwm ntawm myocardium rau kev cog lus thiab tshwm sim ntawm congestion nyob rau hauv lub systemic los yog pulmonary ncig).
- Stroke ntawm hemorrhagic keeb kwm (mob ua txhaum ntawm lub microcirculation ntawm lub hlwb nrog ib tug tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab hemorrhage nyob rau hauv lub hlwb).
- Thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Ntsuag mis.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov xwm txheej no, cov tshuaj antiplatelet yuav tsum tau txiav thiab lwm txoj kev kho tus neeg yuav tsum tau xaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua pawg ntawm cov tshuaj muaj kev txwv ntxiv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub koj tus kheej nrog tus kws kho mob lossis hauv cov lus qhia siv.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj antithrombotic:
- dyspepsia;
- ntua;
- kev tsis haum;
- leucopia;
- hair poob;
- xav kiv taub hau.
Yog cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Ntxiv rau hauv tsab xov xwm, cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov tshuaj antithrombotic yuav raug ua. Tej yaam num ntawm ob lub tuam txhabtau ntawm cov yeej. Yog li, "Innovative anti-inflammatory tshuaj - inhibitor ntawm inducible NO-synthase" tuam txhab "Poliar" thiab "Innovative antithrombotic tshuaj GRS" (LLC "Proton") yeej khoom plig.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev tshawb fawb ua ntej tau ua tiav rau ob txoj haujlwm, thiab rau kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, "mus-ua ntej" tau txais los ntawm Ministry of He alth ntawm Russia rau kev siv thawj theem. ntawm kev sim tshuaj.
Ib tshuaj antithrombotic tab tom txhim kho, GRS, inhibits platelet aggregation:
- Tsim los ntawm GRS.
- tshuaj tshiab - xav tias yog ib qho soluble guanylate cyclase activator.
- Cov ntaub ntawv lees paub txoj cai tshwj xeeb yog rau Russia, USA, EU.
Siv rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv kab mob los tiv thaiv atherothrombosis thiab nws cov teeb meem hauv qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam (atherosclerosis, kub siab, ntshav qab zib mellitus, rog rog, haus luam yeeb, hnub nyoog so haujlwm). Thiab tseem cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tiv thaiv thromboembolism tom qab kev phais mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Nws muaj peev xwm noj ob qho tib si tshuaj thiab ua ib feem ntawm kev kho mob nyuaj nrog acetylsalicylic acid.
Key Benefits:
- Kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab thiab cardioprotective.
- Tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub plab zom mov.
- Yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb-tshuaj (GRS tsis yog metabolized los ntawm cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase thiab tsis cuam tshuam lawv cov haujlwm).
- siabkho qhov ntsuas (ib mus rau ob qhov kev txiav txim siab siab tshaj qhov paub cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob).
- Kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv mus ntev.
Daim npe tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Daim npe muaj txiaj ntsig:
- "Aspirin".
- "Curantil".
- Ibustrin
- "Tiklid".
- "Plavik".
- "Lamifiban".
- "Integrilin".
- "Fragmin".
- "Fraxinarine".
- "Fluxum".
- "Clivarin".
- "Clexane".
- "Wessel Due F"
- "Lepirudin".
- "Sinkumar".
- "Warfarin".
- "Phenylin".
Tom ntej no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov npe yuav raug txiav txim siab.
Aspirin
Feem ntau, cov kws kho mob qhia suav nrog cov tshuaj no hauv kev kho mob sib xyaw ua ke rau thrombosis. Cov tshuaj no yog siv los kho cov teeb meem ntshav txhaws - ntshav tuab.
Nrog cov khoom no, acetylsalicylic acid pab kom yaj cov hlab ntsha uas muaj nyob hauv lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab tseem pab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws tshiab.
Acetylsalicylic acid ("Aspirin") yog cov tshuaj uas tsis yog tshuaj steroidal los tiv thaiv kev mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj muaj cov nyhuv antipyretic thiab analgesic, thiab yog li ntawdScope ntawm nws txoj kev siv yog dav heev.
Los ntawm xyoo 1980, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias Aspirin yaj cov ntshav txhaws thiab tseem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob rov txhaws.
Ntxiv rau qhov ua rau cov ntshav thinning, acetylsalicylic acid los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws pab raws li hauv qab no:
- Ua kom lub zog sab hauv ib txheej txheej ntawm cov hlwb tiaj tus ntawm mesenchymal keeb kwm ntawm capillaries.
- Tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov roj cholesterol nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha.
- Pab kom sib npaug ntawm vascular lumen.
Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb siv cov tshuaj rau lub hom phiaj tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob plawv, nrog rau mob stroke thiab lwm yam kab mob loj uas tshwm sim los ntawm thromboembolism ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ntau lub hauv paus.
Thaum Aspirin tau ua ke nrog glucocorticosteroids, nrog rau cov tshuaj uas muaj ethanol, thiab dej cawv, cov nyhuv tsis zoo ntawm acetylsalicylic acid ntawm cov mucous ntawm lub plab zom mov nce ntxiv thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm sab hauv nce.
Antacids uas muaj magnesium lossis aluminium hydroxide cuam tshuam qhov nqus ntawm Aspirin los ntawm lub plab.
"Ticlopidine" ("Tiklo")
Modern antiplatelet tus neeg sawv cev, uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib piv rau "Aspirin". Cov tshuaj yog siv los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem thrombotic hauv cov neeg uas muaj angina pectoris, thiabkuj ischemic puas rau lub hlwb los yog qis extremities.
Kev siv tshuaj yog pom zoo tom qab coronary artery bypass grafting thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Vim tias cov tshuaj tau hais tawm, cov tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem siv nrog lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav sab hauv thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj muaj lub npe lag luam - "Tiklo".
Clopidogrel
Cov tshuaj suav hais tias yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob hluavtaws, zoo ib yam hauv cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm kho mob nrog "Ticlopidine".
Raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv tshuaj, nws paub tias cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig sai sai rau kev ua kom cov platelets thiab tiv thaiv lawv cov kev sib sau. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog qhov kho tau zoo los ntawm cov neeg feem coob.
Qhov no tso cai rau cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau qhov chaw kho mob yam tsis muaj kev ntshai ntawm kev phiv. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj inhibits cov txheej txheem ntawm kev koom tes ntawm platelets.
Cov tshuaj no txo cov ntshav thiab ua kom lub sijhawm los ntshav. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws tom qab pib kho tuaj yeem pom thaum thawj lub lim tiam. Lub peev xwm rau txoj kev sib koom ua ke ib txwm rov pib dua ib lub lis piam tom qab tso tseg txoj kev kho.
Yog ib tug neeg tau nceQhov tshwm sim los ntshav tom qab raug mob, phais, lossis nrog kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv hemostasis, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum siv Clopidogrel. Yog tias kev phais tau npaj tseg thiab cov nyhuv antiplatelet tsis xav tau, ces cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tso tseg ib lub lis piam ua ntej kev phais.
Cov tshuaj tau sau tseg nrog kev ceev faj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm diathesis ntawm hemorrhagic keeb kwm.
Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav nce ntxiv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los soj ntsuam cov kab mob hemostasis. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov ntsuas tsis tu ncua ntawm daim siab.
Y"Dipyridamole"
Ib tshuaj uas muaj cov nyhuv nyuaj ntawm cov kab mob hematopoietic. Cov tshuaj dilates lub coronary hlab ntsha, ua rau kom myocardial contractility thiab txhim kho cov ntshav khiav los ntawm lub venous txaj. Thaum siv Dipyridamole, pom tau tias muaj cov nyhuv antiplatelet.
Ntau cov tshuaj niaj hnub no ua rau muaj kev xav tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ua ntej pib kho. Kev xaiv ntawm txhua yam tshuaj yog ua raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob lub cev.
Cov tshuaj "Dipyridamole" yog suav tias yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab angioprotector. Nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm capillaries, tshem tawm cov kab mob, txhim kho cov ntshav ncig. Ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo raucov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub plawv, tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm ischemic mob ntawm lub hlwb. Lub active tivthaiv ntawm "Dipyridamole" me ntsis nthuav cov capillaries, yog li ua kom lub volumetric tus nqi ntawm coronary ntshav txaus.
Cov tshuaj txo cov txheej txheem ntawm platelet aggregation thiab ntshav viscosity, uas pab tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm thrombosis, nrog rau cov leeg varicose thiab hemorrhoids.
Ntxiv rau nws cov txiaj ntsig ncaj qha, cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj activates cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov interferon los ntawm lub cev, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg mob uas siv Dipyridamole ua rau kom tsis txhob kis kab mob thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv.
Fraxiparine
Cov tshuaj yog rau kev txhaj tshuaj subcutaneous nkaus xwb, kev siv tshuaj intramuscular yog contraindicated. Thaum kho nrog Fraxiparine, tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov qib platelets hauv cov ntshav, thiab yog tias lawv poob qis heev, ces kev kho mob yuav tsum nres.
Nyob hauv tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog so haujlwm, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim ntau dua li cov tub ntxhais hluas, yog li thaum kho, koj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus neeg mob tas li.
Fraxiparine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev tsim cov aldosterone, uas ua rau nce qib ntawm cov poov tshuaj hauv cov ntshav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, nrog rau metabolic acidosis lossis mob raum mob.
Cov tshuaj tsis muaj txiaj ntsigCov teebmeem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb thiab tsis txwv qhov nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv psychomotor.
Kurantil
Lub ntsiab active ingredient ntawm cov tshuaj slows tus txheej txheem ntawm gluing platelets thiab txhim kho cov ntshav ncig. Thaum noj qhov ncauj hauv koob tshuaj loj, "Kurantil" nthuav tawm txawm tias cov hlab ntsha me tshaj plaws, tab sis kev nce hauv cov hlab ntsha loj, tsis zoo li cov tshuaj calcium antagonist, tsis pom, thiab cov ntsuas ntshav siab tseem nyob li qub.
Cov tshuaj nquag yog suav tias yog pyrimidine derivative thiab interferon inducer, yog li ntawd, ntxiv rau nws cov tshuaj pharmacological tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj activates lub cev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm thiab ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Thaum lub sijhawm kho "Kurantil" ib tus neeg yuav tsum tsis txhob haus tshuaj yej thiab kas fes, vim tias tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los cov tshuaj kho tau txo qis.
Cov tshuaj no tsis qhia rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua kaum ob xyoos vim tsis muaj kev soj ntsuam nrog kev siv tshuaj hauv kev kho menyuam yaus. Thaum kho nrog Curantil, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb thaum tsav tsheb thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev saib xyuas ntxiv. Cov kev ntsuas no yog vim muaj peev xwm txo cov ntshav siab thiab ua rau kiv taub hau hauv tus neeg mob.
Kev xav
Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum muaj thrombosis thiabthromboembolism. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txoj haujlwm zoo.
Cov kws kho mob tsis pom zoo siv tshuaj rau tus kheej, vim tias cov haujlwm no feem ntau ua rau muaj teeb meem hemorrhagic hnyav rau cov neeg mob.
Muaj ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm cov neeg uas tau mob hnyav thiab ua haujlwm, lawv txaus siab rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj xws li Clopidogrel, Curantil, Ticlopidin. Tab sis lawv qhov kev teem caij thiab kev saib xyuas kev nkag yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kws kho mob nkaus xwb.
