Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus: cov tsos mob, ua rau, kho, tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus: cov tsos mob, ua rau, kho, tshuaj xyuas
Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus: cov tsos mob, ua rau, kho, tshuaj xyuas

Video: Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus: cov tsos mob, ua rau, kho, tshuaj xyuas

Video: Kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus: cov tsos mob, ua rau, kho, tshuaj xyuas
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Txhua qhov kev sib txawv uas tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ua rau cov niam txiv muaj kev ntxhov siab. Thaum hais lus ua txhaum cai, tus menyuam tsis muaj sijhawm los sib txuas lus nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm nws tsev neeg thiab cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nws. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, peb tab tom tham txog xws li pathology li systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus.

Cia peb xav txog qhov kev nthuav dav no ntxiv.

systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus ntawm ib tug nruab nrab degree
systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus ntawm ib tug nruab nrab degree

Cov yam ntxwv dav dav

Kev hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub cev yog qhov ua txhaum txoj haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej hais lus hauv tus menyuam, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis muaj kev hais lus thiab tau txais cov lus hais.

Cov lus hauv qab no yuav raug ua txhaum:

  1. Phonetics - qee lub suab uas tus menyuam hais tsis raug.
  2. Vocabulary - tus menyuam tsis muaj lub ntim ntawm cov lus uas nws yuav tsum tau paub rau lub sijhawm no ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob.
  3. qauv lus - muaj kev ua txhaum hauv kev xaiv cov lus xaus, hauv kev npaj cov kab lus, thiab lwm yam.

Qeb ntawm kev sib txawv no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb uas tsim nyog hauv cov kev faib tawm uas twb muaj lawm raws li kev hais lus tsis zoo, lossis lub cev muaj zog.

Lub tswv yim ntawm "kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus" tau qhia los ntawm R. E. Levina thiab yog siv rau hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm kev hais lus hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws. Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj cov kab mob hauv lub paj hlwb, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev hais lus tsis zoo, cov kws kho mob hais lus feem ntau ua qhov kev kuaj mob zoo sib xws tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob no. Cov menyuam yaus uas hnov lus tsis zoo thiab txawj ntse raug kuaj pom tias "kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus."

Kev kuaj pom tseeb tuaj yeem ua tau tom qab tus menyuam pom los ntawm peb tus kws tshaj lij: tus kws kho mob hlwb, tus kws kho hlwb thiab tus kws kho hais lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev kuaj mob no tsis raug muab rau cov menyuam yaus uas tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog tsib xyoos.

systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus degree
systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus degree

Ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm pathology

Nws yog qhov nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus, vim feem ntau nws tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb xwb, tab sis tag nrho lawv cov kev sib xyaw ua ke.

Qhov tseem ceeb yog:

  • raug mob taub hau uas tau txais los ntawm tus menyuam thaum yug menyuam lossis thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej;
  • nyuaj ntawm cev xeeb tub, thiab cov kab mob no suav nrog cov kab mob sib kis loj thaum cev xeeb tub, haus cawv, haus luam yeeb, kis mob hnyav, thiab lwm yam.;
  • fetal hypoxia;
  • qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo hauv tsev neeg - inattentive thiabtus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau tus menyuam, nquag sib cav ntawm cov txheeb ze, kev kawm nruj heev, thiab lwm yam.;
  • kab mob me nyuam yaus, uas suav nrog asthenia, cerebral palsy, rickets, Down syndrome, complex pathologies ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb.

Nyob rau hauv qee kis, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus tsim me ntsis raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los yog kis kab mob.

Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob

Yuav ua li cas nkag siab tias tus menyuam yaus tsis nyob hauv kev loj hlob, thiab xav tias muaj kev hais lus qeeb, kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb lossis kev txawj ntse txawm tias ua ntej nws muaj tsib xyoos?

Cov cim ceeb toom thawj zaug hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev hais lus tuaj yeem pom thaum ntxov li thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej. Cov xwm txheej yuav tsum tau ceeb toom thaum, teb rau qee cov lus hais los ntawm cov neeg laus, tus me nyuam tsis sim ua dua lawv.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos thiab ib nrab xyoo, tus menyuam yuav tsum kawm xyaum ua lub suab hais los ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nws, nrog rau taw tes rau cov khoom ntawm lawv qhov kev thov. Yog tias tsis pom qhov no, cov niam txiv yuav tsum xav txog. Lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tom ntej yog hnub nyoog ob xyoos. Ntawm no tus me nyuam yuav tsum muaj peev xwm hais tau cov lus thiab cov kab lus spontaneously ntawm lub siab nyiam.

Thaum muaj peb xyoos, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum nkag siab txog ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg laus hais, thiab rov ua dua, cov laus - menyuam yaus. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog plaub xyoos, lub ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov lus yuav tsum tau sib to taub. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas qhov no tsis tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev qhia ntawm tus kws tshaj lij.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog tsib xyoos, thaum lo lus nug yog hais txog kev ua li ntawdkuaj pom tias yog kab mob hais lus tsis zoo, cov tsos mob yuav ua tau raws li hauv qab no:

  • me nyuam hais lus tseem slurred, tsis yooj yim to taub;
  • tsis muaj qhov sib xws ntawm kev hais tawm thiab kev hais lus zoo - tus menyuam nkag siab txhua yam, tab sis hais tsis tau nws tus kheej.

Kev faib tawm

systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus
systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus

Qhov kev ua txhaum cai no muaj ntau theem ntawm kev tsim kho tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus:

  1. Mild degree - cov lus tsis txaus rau ib lub hnub nyoog, kev ua txhaum ntawm kev hais lus ntawm lub suab, tsis raug ntawm kev siv cov xwm txheej tsis ncaj, prepositions, plurals thiab lwm cov ntsiab lus nyuaj, dysgraphia, tsis txaus paub txog kev sib raug zoo.
  2. Systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus ntawm ib tug nruab nrab degree - nyuaj nyob rau hauv perceiving kab lus ntev dhau lawm, cov lus uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus piv txwv. Teeb meem nrog kev tsim cov kab semantic thaum rov hais dua kuj tau sau tseg. Cov menyuam yaus tsis paub tias yuav pom zoo li cas ntawm poj niam txiv neej, tus lej, rooj plaub, lossis lawv ua yuam kev. Lawv muaj kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm kev hnov lus tsis zoo, tsis muaj zog hais lus, lus tsis zoo, kev sib koom tes ntawm kev hais lus tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hais lus.
  3. Kev hais lus tsis zoo - kev nkag siab tsis zoo, tsis muaj kev sib txuas lus, muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo, tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem sau thiab nyeem, lossis muab rau nws nyuaj heev, tsuas muaj ob peb lub kaum ob lo lus nyob rau hauv cov lus, monotonous intonation, lub hwj chim ntawm lub suab yog txo, tsis muaj lo lus tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, tus menyuam ua tsis tauKev sib tham tsim kho, vim nws nyuaj los teb cov lus nug yooj yim.

Kev kuaj mob, nrog rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov tsis sib xws uas tau pom hauv ib tus menyuam tshwj xeeb, tsuas yog ua los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij xwb, tsis yog los ntawm niam txiv, lwm tus txheeb ze lossis kws qhia ntawv.

Lwm yam kev faib tawm

Muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm ntawm kev tsim kho tsis zoo. Tib lub sijhawm:

  • 1st degree - tsis hais lus.
  • 2nd degree ntawm kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus - tsuas muaj cov ntsiab lus thawj zaug uas muaj qhov ntau ntawm agrammatism.
  • 3rd degree yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tus menyuam tuaj yeem hais cov lus, tab sis cov lus hais thiab lub suab tsis tau tsim kho.
  • 4th degree cuam tshuam txog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem seem hauv cov ntu xws li xov tooj, lus, xov tooj thiab cov qauv sau ntawv.

Kev hais lus dav dav ntawm kev tsim kho qib qis, piv txwv li, sib raug rau qib thib ob thiab thib peb ntawm qhov kev faib tawm no.

Peb tau tshuaj xyuas cov theem ntawm kev hais lus tsis zoo.

Mental retardation

Cov xwm txheej zoo li no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev ntawm kev hais lus nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws yog vim muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus yog deb ntawm cov qauv.
  • Memory teeb meem pom.
  • Muaj qhov nyuaj hauv kev txhais cov ntsiab lus yooj yim thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv;
  • Ntau lub cev muaj zog.
  • Me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem mloog tau.
  • Tsis muaj lub siab xav.
  • Underdeveloped los yog ploj lawmkev xav.

Thaum lub cev tsis muaj kev loj hlob ntawm kev hais lus nrog kev puas siab puas ntsws, lub hlwb kev xav ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau tsim kho tsis raug, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev sib txuas lus nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm yam kev txawj ntse hauv zej zog.

underdevelopment ntawm systemic hais lus yog
underdevelopment ntawm systemic hais lus yog

Dab tsi txiav txim siab ua tiav?

Qhov kev ua tiav ntawm kev kho kom raug yog nyob ntawm qib ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm lawv tus kheej, nrog rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev pab cuam muab rau tus menyuam los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Hauv qhov no, lub hom phiaj ntawm cov niam txiv yog kom nco ntsoov qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hais lus lossis kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse hauv lub sijhawm thiab mus ntsib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb nrog tus menyuam.

Systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus

Kev hais lus tsis meej yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus hauv cov menyuam yaus tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb kom nkag siab lwm tus hais.

Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim nws tus kheej yog cov lus me me uas tsis tsim nyog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam, teeb meem ntawm kev hais lus, kev muaj peev xwm tsis txaus los tawm tswv yim nrog cov lus.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj ntau lossis tsawg dua kev hais lus tsis zoo ntawm kev hais lus yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kawm grammatical cov cai: tus menyuam tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo rau qhov xaus ntawm cov lus, siv prepositions tsis txaus, tsis tuaj yeem txo cov npe thiab adjectives, tsis siv. kev sib txuas lossis siv tsis raug.

kev hais lus nruab nrab underdevelopment
kev hais lus nruab nrab underdevelopment

Xav tau kev sib txuas

Txawm hais tias muaj cov lus hais saum toj no, cov menyuam yaus uas zoo sib xwsCov kev tsis sib haum xeeb muaj kev sib txuas lus, siv cov lus tsis hais lus thiab piav tes piav taw qhia lawv cov kev xav rau tus neeg tham.

Thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev hais lus tsis zoo tuaj yeem pom txawm tias thaum menyuam mos. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob zoo sib xws tsis siv cov lus, thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb xyoos lawv tsis tsim cov kab lus qub uas muaj ob peb lo lus.

Kho thiab kho

Nyob rau theem me thiab nruab nrab ntawm kev tsis sib haum, qhov kev kuaj mob feem ntau yog qhov zoo, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm pathology, kev kho mob ntev dua thiab nyuaj, tab sis nws kuj muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo.

Kev ntsuas kho mob yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho hais lus yog tias kev hais lus tsis meej nrog lwm yam kab mob. Ib tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij kuj suav nrog hauv txoj haujlwm.

Cov chav kawm yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom - ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov suab rov qab tas li, cov cai tsim cov lus xaus, cov lus, kab lus, thiab lwm yam, thiab siv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub niaj hnub, thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam kawm kom nco ntsoov., nug cov lus nug, nkag siab hais lus, paub lub ntsiab lus ntawm qee lub tswv yim, cob qhia kev nco, txhim kho lub cev muaj zog.

theem ntawm systemic hais lus underdevelopment
theem ntawm systemic hais lus underdevelopment

Ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov khoom siv, cov duab ci ntsa iab, qhov chaw zoo nyob hauv lub tsev kho mob uas tau kho, yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tsim los pab tus neeg mob daws cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm sai dua.

Raws li txoj cai, kev tawm dag zog lub cev kuj suav nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho mob - cov menyuam yaus tsis txhob zaum, tab sis nquagcob qhia lub cev muaj zog center.

Txoj Kev Loj

Systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus yog ib tug kab mob uas yuav tsum tau ib tug loj mus kom ze. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob maj mus txiav txim rau tus menyuam kom kho rau thawj tus kws kho mob uas tuaj hla. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau kawm seb nws puas muaj kev paub zoo ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam yaus, nrog rau kev muaj peev xwm tsim kev puas siab puas ntsws nrog cov neeg mob "nyuaj".

Txoj kev kho tsis yog tsuas yog kho kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb xwb, feem ntau muaj teeb meem tshwm sim vim yog txoj hauv kev tsis ncaj ncees rau lub koom haum ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm, yog li koj yuav tsum kho nws.

hnyav systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus
hnyav systemic underdevelopment ntawm kev hais lus

Reviews

Hais txog tus kab mob no rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus ntawm cov chaw kho mob muaj ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ntau yam. Cov neeg mob thiab cov niam txiv ntawm cov me nyuam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no hais tias xws li ib tug kab mob no tau zoo heev kho nrog kev pab los ntawm ntau yam neurological tshuaj, nrog rau cov tshuaj uas pab normalize cerebral ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv nco ntsoov tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas tsis yog siv tshuaj xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau kev kho cov teeb meem no, uas tau ua los ntawm cov kws kho mob hais lus hauv tsev kho mob.

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