Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel: kuaj thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel: kuaj thiab kho
Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel: kuaj thiab kho

Video: Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel: kuaj thiab kho

Video: Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel: kuaj thiab kho
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Qhov teeb meem feem ntau ntawm cov hniav yog caries. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov neeg xav tias caries tsuas yog vim li cas cov hniav tuaj yeem lwj. Tab sis qhov tseeb, kuj muaj cov kab mob uas tsis yog carious nyob rau hauv cov xwm, nyob rau hauv uas kev puas tsuaj thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hniav tshwm sim tsis nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib puag ncig yam, tab sis vim peculiarities ntawm lawv cov qauv.

Cov teeb meem no suav nrog cov hniav enamel hypoplasia. Tus kab mob no ua rau muaj kev phom sij loj heev, thiab cov hniav puas tsuaj los ntawm tus kab mob no tsis tuaj yeem kho lossis rov ua kom tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txheeb xyuas ntxov ntawm qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov, nrog rau tsim cov laj thawj uas nws tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, kws kho hniav tau pab los ntawm cov tsos mob, nrog rau ntau yam kev kuaj mob.

hniav enamel hypoplasia
hniav enamel hypoplasia

YLub tswvyim ntawm hypoplasia

Cov txheej txheej ntawm cov hniav uas npog cov hniav ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv muaj cov qauv zoo, vim nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem sab hauv ntawm cov hniav los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, cov xwm txheej muaj peev xwm ua tau qhov teeb meem tshwm sim vim muaj teeb meem hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, cov hniav enamel hypoplasia yog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg yam tsis muaj kev zam.

Cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws yog cov hniav enamel hypoplasia. Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim, kev puas tsuaj rau cov hniav yog qhov tsis-carious. Qhov ua rau hypoplasia yog suav tias yog kev sib txawv uas tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab tsim cov enamel. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob zoo li no, txheej txheej enamel ua nyias, thiab cov kab mob tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav.

Hom kab mob hypoplastic

Cov kws kho hniav nco ntsoov tias kev puas tsuaj enamel hauv me me hypoplasia tuaj yeem tsawg, tab sis tus kab mob kuj hnyav heev. Hauv qhov no, cov hniav tsis muaj txheej tiv thaiv txhua. Daim foos no hu ua aplasia.

Kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem pib thaum twg los tau. Txawm hais tias kev kho hniav hypoplasia feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus uas tseem muaj cov hniav me me, tsis muaj kev lees paub tias cov tsos mob zoo ib yam yuav tsis tshwm sim rau tus neeg laus.

enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav
enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav

Yog tias koj ua raws li kev faib tawm hauv paus, ces tus kab mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom - kab mob hypoplasia thiab hauv zos hypoplasia. Thaum twgcov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim qhov kev hem thawj loj tshaj plaws, txij li qhov no tag nrho cov enamel txheej ntawm cov hniav raug cuam tshuam. Cov txheej txheem ntawm hypoplasia nyob rau hauv ib qho mob hnyav txhais tau hais tias tsis yog ntau qhov thinning ntawm cov enamel txheej, tab sis nws qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo, uas tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev tsim ntawm nthwv dej, furrows thiab dots. Hypoplasia nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam feem ntau cuam tshuam cov molars uas tau ua ib co kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm tsim.

Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel yog ib qho teeb meem loj heev, vim nws ua rau cov hniav tsis muaj zog thiab nws cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog ib qho chaw zoo rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lwm yam pathologies thiab kab mob.

Kev tshwm sim

Tam sim no, cov kws kho mob ua raws li ob txoj kev xav tseem ceeb hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm hypoplasia. Thawj pab pawg neeg tshwj xeeb ntseeg hais tias qhov pib ntawm cov txheej txheem uas rhuav tshem cov enamel tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ntxhib los mos. Lwm pab pawg ntawm cov kws tshaj lij yog cov kev xav tias qhov ua rau tsis raug cais tawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm qeeb ntawm cov kab mob epithelial hauv cov kab mob hniav kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho hypoplasia. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias, nrog rau cov laj thawj ntawm lub cev, lwm yam tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb, uas tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo thiab cov xwm txheej rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mus tas li.

Kev mob ntawm tus menyuam cov hniav

Vim qhov tseeb tias kev tsim cov hniav ntawm cov mis nyuj tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm intrauterine ntawm tus me nyuam mos, lawv cov xwm txheej hauvnyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm qhov kev xeeb tub mus li cas, nrog rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm leej niam ntawm tus menyuam.

hniav enamel hypoplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam kho
hniav enamel hypoplasia nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam kho

Cov yam hauv qab no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav hauv cov menyuam mos thaum nws loj hlob hauv plab thiab thaum yug me nyuam:

  • kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov hauv niam;
  • kab mob kis tau los ntawm leej niam thaum cev xeeb tub;
  • deviations nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm fetus;
  • kab mob hauv lub cev ntawm cov hlab plawv;
  • kev cuam tshuam ntawm yam xws li tshuaj lom neeg lossis kub txaus ntshai;
  • pub mis rau menyuam;
  • prematurity. Cov kws tshaj lij tau pom tias qhov laj thawj tom kawg tau dhau los ua qhov cuam tshuam tsis ntev dhau los thiab tau ua rau muaj coob tus menyuam raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hypoplasia. Qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov uas cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau nws tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov menyuam mos ntxov ntxov, tab sis hauv cov menyuam yaus cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev tseem tsis tau ua tiav zoo. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov me nyuam ntxov ntxov tom qab raug kev txom nyem los ntawm hypoplasia ntawm enamel ntawm cov mis nyuj cov hniav, vim muaj ib tug ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm nws tsim, los yog nws twb kiag li cuam tshuam;
  • oligohydramnios;
  • toxicosis hauv daim ntawv hnyav;
  • raug mob. Cov no suav nrog kev raug mob thaum yug menyuam;
  • tus cwj pwm phem thaum cev xeeb tub.

Txhua yam no ua rau enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mis thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxovme nyuam.

enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mus tas li
enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mus tas li

Molar pathology

Cov kab mob zoo li no tuaj yeem pib loj hlob thaum ntxov, hauv thawj xyoo ntawm tus menyuam lub neej. Kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm embryos ntawm cov molars pib tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog txog rau lub hlis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog xav tias kev ua txhaum ntawm lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hnub nyoog no tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov hniav enamel. Hauv qhov no, hypoplasia ntawm molars feem ntau tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv cov neeg uas thaum yau raug mob xws li:

  • hom kab mob hnyav;
  • xav;
  • kab mob raum thiab cuam tshuam endocrine;
  • syphilis;
  • mob hnyav hauv plab hnyuv;
  • ntshav qab zib vim tsis muaj hlau;
  • hlwb tsis ua haujlwm.

Hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav enamel yuav txhim kho thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov molars, nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog uas tus menyuam raug mob. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus kab mob no kis tau nyob rau hauv thawj qhov hws ntawm lub neej, ces kev puas tsuaj rau cov hniav enamel tuaj yeem pom raws cov npoo ntawm lub hauv paus incisors thiab thawj cov hniav loj. Cov kab mob ntawm lub hli cuaj ntawm lub neej tuaj yeem ua rau cov enamel puas tsuaj rau ntawm qhov kev txiav txim thib ob thiab thib peb ntawm ob sab, nrog rau ntawm lub hauv paus incisors thiab cov chewers loj hauv thaj tsam ntawm lawv cov yas.

enamel hypoplasia ntawm mis nyuj cov hniav nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam
enamel hypoplasia ntawm mis nyuj cov hniav nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam

Cov tsos mob ntawm hypoplasia

Kev kuaj kab mob no tsis yogyog ib txoj kev nyuaj rau tus kws tshaj lij, vim nws muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb. Tab sis cov neeg mob tseem yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm tus txheej txheem ntawm lawv cov hniav. Tsuas yog qhov no yuav tso cai tshawb pom qhov teeb meem raws sij hawm ntawm theem ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob thaum ntxov.

Systemic form of hypoplasia

Raws li peb tau sau tseg lawm, daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau qib ntawm qhov hnyav. Yog li ntawd, nrog rau cov tsos ntawm ib tug me me daim ntawv, ib feem ntawm cov xim ntawm cov hniav enamel yog pom - yellowish cheeb tsam yog tsim nyob rau hauv nws nto, uas tau qhia meej meej ciam teb. Xws li qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab nrog cov hniav enamel hypoplasia. Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv no yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias qhov txhab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov pob qij txha muaj raws nraim tib yam loj thiab nyob symmetrically - nyob rau tib cov hniav ntawm ob sab ntawm lub puab tsaig. Feem ntau, daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau sab pem hauv ntej ntawm cov hniav, yog li ntawd, yog tias koj them sai sai rau qhov mob ntawm koj cov hniav, ces kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv yog kiag li tsis yooj yim rau pom. Nrog rau daim ntawv no ntawm hypoplasia, qhov mob tsis hnov, thiab qhov tuab ntawm cov hniav enamel ntawm qhov cuam tshuam thiab noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hniav yog tib yam.

Nrog rau qib thib ob ntawm qhov nyuaj, kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm cov hniav enamel tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm ntau hom. Cov qauv wavy tuaj yeem pom pom pom txawm tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv ntxiv. Yog tias koj qhuav cov hniav, ces cov menyuam me me yuav pom ntawm nws qhov chaw tag nrho. Lwm qhov tshwm sim yog cov grooves - lawv, raws li txoj cai, muaj ib qho chaw thiabyog hla tus hniav. Nrog rau cov kev tshwm sim zoo li nthwv dej, cov grooves nyob sib txuas nrog cov chaw noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hniav enamel. Qhov thib peb hom kev tshwm sim yog qhov feem ntau - taw tes. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, recesses nyob rau ntawm tag nrho cov saum npoo ntawm cov hniav, uas nws thiaj li hloov lawv cov xim mus rau ib tug tsaus nti. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los kuaj xyuas thiab pib kho cov hniav enamel hypoplasia hauv cov menyuam yaus lub sijhawm.

Aplasia

hniav enamel hypoplasia yog ib qho kev sib txuas
hniav enamel hypoplasia yog ib qho kev sib txuas

theem txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm hypoplasia yog aplasia, uas yog, ib daim ntawv uas tsis muaj hniav enamel hlo li. Xws li ib qho kev tshwm sim tuaj yeem nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm cov hniav lossis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov hniav. Nrog rau daim ntawv no, muaj cov tsos mob tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau ib puag ncig stimuli. Ib tug yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog qhov kev hnov mob ploj mus tam sim tom qab qhov cuam tshuam sab nraud ntawm tus hniav tau raug tso tseg.

Local form

Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv hauv zos ntawm enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mus tas li hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov pob txha ntawm lub enamel txheej, uas tej zaum yuav muaj xim sib txawv. Qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov pob no tuaj yeem ua los ntawm daj ntseg daj mus rau xim av tsaus. Xws li ib tug swb ntawm hniav enamel yog manifested los ntawm kev tsim ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm ib tug taw tes xwm, uas yog nyob txhua qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nto. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias daim ntawv no tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm cov molars.

Kev kuaj mob hypoplasia

Enamel hypoplasia yog xeeb los uaX-linked dominant trait. Raws li txoj cai, kev kuaj mob ntawm hypoplasia tsis ua teeb meem rau cov kws kho hniav vim qhov tseeb tias tus kab mob muaj cov tsos mob pom tau yooj yim pom. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws kho hniav yog kom sib txawv hypoplasia los ntawm cov kab mob carious. Txhawm rau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo li no, cov kws kho mob siv peb txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb:

  • kev ntsuam xyuas pom ntawm lub enamel nto. Nrog carious manifestations, cov hniav enamel muaj ib tug ntxhib nto, thiab nrog hypoplasia nws tseem du;
  • kev ntsuas ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw (ntau qhov tshwm sim yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm hypoplasia);
  • staining ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm enamel nrog kev daws ntawm methylene xiav. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm hypoplasia tsis stained nrog cov tshuaj no, tsis zoo li cov kab mob carious.

Kev kho cov enamel hypoplasia ntawm cov hniav mus tas li

Txoj kev kho tus kab mob yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw kho mob tshwm sim, uas yog, ntawm daim ntawv thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob, nrog rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov kev hloov pauv.

Yog tias hypoplasia tshwm sim los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub teeb me ntsis ntawm cov enamel hauv qhov me me, uas nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov hniav uas tsis pom dhau, kev kho mob ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog xaiv tau.

Yog tias qhov chaw nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov incisors thiab pom pom, qhov tsis xws luag tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws tsis tuaj yeem rov kho cov enamel cuam tshuam, yog li tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv ntau cov ntaub ntawv sau, nrog rau cov veneers lossis cov yas.

hniav enamel hypoplasia duab
hniav enamel hypoplasia duab

YYuav ua li cas yog hypoplasia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm furrows thiab kab txaij?

Yog tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev nyuaj siab, furrows los yog kab txaij, ces sau cov hniav raws li qhov classical scenario tej zaum yuav siv tau.

Yog cov hniav rov qab zoo li no tau kho nrog kev saib xyuas, lawv yuav ua haujlwm zoo thiab zoo nkauj rau lub sijhawm ntev txaus.

Veneers yog daim hlau uas tus kws kho hniav txuas rau sab nrauv ntawm tus hniav. Hom yas no muaj qhov tsis zoo, tab sis sab hauv ntawm cov hniav tseem tsis zoo nkauj heev. Tab sis vim nws qhov tsis pom, veneers tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo hauv kev kho mob hypoplasia.

Yog tias cov hniav muaj qhov hloov pauv txaus raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob, ces cov kws kho hniav zoo li siv cov yas orthopedic. Txhim kho xws li ib tug crown yog ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj heev. Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los kho qhov zoo nkauj ntawm cov hniav, ces koj yuav tsum tos nrog kev teeb tsa ntawm orthopedic crown.

Pom zoo: