Kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub cev muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev cai humoral, exocrine thiab endocrine qog. Tseeb, yuav luag tag nrho cov txheej txheem physiological tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev. Ua ntej, lub paj hlwb npaj cov lus teb, thiab qhov thib ob, nws tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog ib puag ncig.
exocrine qog
Exocrine caj pas yog ib caj pas uas tsim lub npe hu ua zais cia, uas yog, ib yam khoom uas tom qab tso tawm sab nraum tib neeg lub cev. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem thim qhov zais cia rau hauv lub cev kab noj hniav, uas yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov qog exocrine thiab endocrine. Ob feem ntawm glandular cell thiab tag nrho cov cell tuaj yeem hloov mus ua qhov zais cia.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov qog exocrine
Muaj kev faib tawm hauv qab no:
- Kev faib tawm Morphological. Nws yog raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov seem ntawm cov davhlau ya nyob twg thiabtso zis ducts. Muaj cov tubular, sib xyaw, cov qog alveolar raws li daim ntawv ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm zais cia. Raws li cov ceg ntawm lub secretion department: unbranched thiab branched. Excretory ducts paub qhov txawv ntawm cov qog yooj yim thiab nyuaj.
- Tshuaj cais tawm. Muaj cov qog uas tsim cov protein, mucous, sib xyaw thiab fatty secretions.
- Kev rho tawm tsis pub lwm tus paub. Muaj cov qog mammary, qog sebaceous, thiab merocrine qog.
Nyob ntawm hom qog exocrine, kev ua haujlwm txawv:
- trophic - nws cuam tshuam nrog cov metabolism thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus;
- tiv thaiv - tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud, suav nrog cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem tsim hauv lub cev;
- kev txhawb nqa - muab cov fibers rau hauv nruab nrog cev uas tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj intercellular ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg pob txha;
- yas - yog qhov hloov ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg rau kev hloov pauv;
- morphogenetic - tsim cov ntaub so ntswg thiab teeb tsa cov qauv ntawm cov kabmob.
Txoj kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev coj noj coj ua
Kev tswj hwm kev ntxub ntxaug tshwm sim nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov tshuaj hormones - tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Cov no, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim los ntawm cov qog. Cov tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem thauj thoob plaws lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav, cov kua dej, thiab cov qog ntshav. Rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob, kev hloov morphological thiab physiological yog qhov tsim nyog uas tshwm sim vim cov tshuaj hormones. Lawv qhov kev txiav txim kuj tseem yuav qeeb, sib piv rau cov kev cai neural, uas yuav siv sij hawm luv dua.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov qog exocrine
Exocrine caj pas yog ib caj pas uas tso tawm cov kua dej tawm mus rau sab nraud thiab mus rau hauv lub cev kab noj hniav. Thiab endocrine, txawm lub fact tias lawv kuj secrete ib tug zais cia, txawv nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj hormones. Cov no yog cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg uas tsim thiab tso tawm rau hauv cov ntshav. Tej zaum lawv yuav muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Ntawm lawv yog ib tug me me concentration, uas yog txaus los hloov tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lawv cov teebmeem yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub paj hlwb ntawm tib neeg lub cev.
Lub caj pas exocrine ua ntau yam haujlwm. Lub cev loj tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem ua kom pom kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub qog yog lub siab. Nws ua haujlwm huv. Ua tsaug rau nws, lub cev tau tshem ntawm co toxins, thiab nws kuj koom nrog hematopoiesis. Cov qog hws tswj lub cev kub. Sebaceous muab qhov xav tau noo noo, thiab tseem lubricate qhov chaw ntawm lub epidermis. Tsis tas li ntawd, Cooper cov qog kuj koom nrog pawg no. Lawv yog cov raug rau cov txiv neej thiab cov txiv neej reproductive system. Qhov zais cia ntawm cov qog no tso rau hauv cov kwj dej tso zis, lubricating nws, yog li pab cov spermatozoa txav, neutralizes acidic ib puag ncig, thiab tseem tiv thaiv cov mucous membrane ntawm irritation.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus txiav exocrine
Tus txiav txiav yog ib yam khoom ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke. Nws tsim cov kua txiv digestive hauv cov hnyuv. Nws yog cov kua pob tshab. Muaj cov kua qaub, mucin thiab enzymes xws li lipase thiab pepsin. Cov tshuaj no tso cai rau koj los rhuav tshem cov ntaub ntawv organic, thiabtuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau yam kab mob kab mob thiab ua kom lub plab ua haujlwm.
Exocrine caj pas yog ib caj pas uas yog ib feem ntawm lub txiav, sab hauv secretion. Nws secretes cov tshuaj hormones: insulin, glucagon. Lawv tswj cov carbohydrate metabolism. Insulin, dhau los, hloov cov piam thaj mus rau glycogen. Nws yog khaws cia rau hauv daim siab. Glucagon ua qhov sib txawv. Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuaj insulin hauv cov ntshav ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv cov piam thaj thiab cov teeb meem metabolic. Cov kab mob no muaj lub npe - ntshav qab zib mellitus. Cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib yuav tsum tswj hwm qib insulin hauv lawv lub cev mus tas li ntawm lawv lub neej.
Kab mob ntawm tus txiav
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency yog ib yam kab mob uas muaj npe nrov thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog rau tus txiav. Nws nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias lub caj pas hauv ib lub xeev tsis tsim cov enzymes tsim nyog rau kev zom zaub mov.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog cov hauv qab no: kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau kev poob phaus thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm lub cev.
Cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas tau txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua rau pancreatic insufficiency ntawm lub qog exocrine - o ntawm caj pas thiab cystic fibrosis. Tab sis tsis yog txhua yam phem heev, vim tias tus kab mob tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev noj cov enzyme npaj. Hauv qhov teeb meem no, kev noj haus thiab kev tawm dag zog pab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig, txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj.
sex glands
Lub caj pas exocrine yog cov qog endocrine ntawm cov gonads. Raws li koj paub, tib neeg yog heterogeneous creatures. Hauv cov txiv neej, cov noob qes yog cov gonads, thiab hauv cov poj niam, zes qe menyuam. Lawv tsim cov hlwb, gametes - phev thiab qe. Fertilization ntawm cov kab mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub raj ua rau lub tsev menyuam. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev zais cia sab nraud.
Cov tshuaj hormones kuj tsim nyob rau hauv gonads: estrogens hauv cov poj niam, thiab androgens hauv txiv neej. Lawv raug tso rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws yog lawv cov concentration thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab uas tswj kev loj hlob ntawm thawj kev sib deev yam ntxwv thiab lwm yam kev sib deev yam ntxwv thaum hluas. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tso tawm sab hauv ntawm gonads.
