Lo lus "fibrinolysis" hauv Greek txhais tau tias "decomposition" lossis "dissolution". Cov txheej txheem no ntawm kev sib cais cov ntshav txhaws thiab thrombi, uas yog ib feem ntawm homeostasis thiab yog nrog los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Rau ib tug neeg, qhov no yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev. Nws tiv thaiv thrombosis thiab txhawb nqa cell rov qab los ntawm cov ntshav hnyav. Fibrinolysis inhibitors yog ib pawg tshuaj uas muaj cov nyhuv hemostatic.
Fibrinolysis inhibitors nres los ntshav hauv ntau yam kab mob ntawm tus neeg mob. Actively siv thaum lub sij hawm thiab tom qab phais. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov txheej txheem fibrinolysis, cov ntshav txhaws yog yaj, cov ntshav txhaws tau tawg, cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha raug tiv thaiv. Fibrinolysis pab kho cov hlab ntsha tom qab cov ntshav poob. Cov txheej txheem ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Hauv thawj kis, plasma activators, erythrocytes, platelets, thiab leukocytes yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim dua tshiab. Ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem sab hauv, cov hlab ntsha raug tshem tawm ntawm fibrin tsim thaum cov ntshav txhaws. Hauv qhov thib ob, cov ntaub so ntswg activators koom nrog cov txheej txheem rov qab. Cov no suav nrog plasminogen thiab urokinase.
Nyob hauv lub cev, cov txheej txheem ntawm fibrinolysis thiab ntshav coagulation yog sib haum xeeb. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg muaj ib tug active sympathetic paj hlwb, adrenaline thiab norepinephrine nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, uas yog, sab nraud thiab sab hauv mechanisms yog triggered uas txhawb fibrinolysis. Yog hais tias lub suab ntawm lub paj hlwb parasympathetic nce, cov ntshav txhaws nrawm. Hauv ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv, muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm coagulability thiab fibrinolysis, nws liquefaction. Yog tias qhov kev sib txuas no puas lawm, cov ntshav txhaws lossis kab mob txaus ntshai xws li hemophilia tshwm sim. Fibrinolysis inhibitor tshuaj yog tsim los rhuav tshem cov hlab ntsha thiab pab lub cev yog tias qhov sib npaug ntawm ob txoj haujlwm tau cuam tshuam. Kev siv cov tshuaj no tsuas yog tso cai raws li kev pom zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom.
Properties
Fibrinolysis inhibitors inhibits cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav thinning. Lawv tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kua qaub thiab plasminogen-activating enzyme. Inhibitors yog tsim los nres los ntshav nyob rau hauv ntau yam pathological mob, nrog rau thaum lub sij hawm phais. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm fibrinolysis, proteolytic proteins koom nrog, uas inhibit cov ntshav thinning, tab sis txhim kho nws coagulability. Plasminsuav tias yog lub ntsiab catalyst hauv fibrinolysis. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws decomposes fibrin. Inhibitors txo cov haujlwm ntawm plasminogen.
Yuav ua li cas lawv ua haujlwm
Fibrinolysis inhibitors yog hemostatics. Lawv muaj peev xwm inhibit fibrinolysis, thaiv kev ua ntawm plasmin thiab plasminogen activators. Cov pab pawg neeg inhibitors muaj xws li aminocaproic acid thiab aprotinin. Cov tshuaj thaiv plasminogens, tsis txhob cia cov hlab ntsha tawg. Aminocaproic acid nce qib ntawm plasmin, inhibits qhov tso tawm ntawm urokinase. Yog tias los ntshav tshwm sim, cov kua qaub normalizes qib fibrinogen. Cov tshuaj no sai sai absorbed nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov. Cov kua qaub nce mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv cov ntshav hauv ob teev tom qab noj. Yog tias cov tshuaj tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj, kwv yees li rau caum feem pua yog tawm ntawm lub cev los ntawm ob lub raum. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm fibrinolysis inhibitors yog yooj yim: hemostatics thaiv plasminogen, inhibit cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav sib cais. Hauv cov kab mob pathological, fibrinolysis siab ua rau mob hnyav, qee zaum los ntshav tuag. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob ntawm lub cev hauv nruab nrog cev, overdose ntawm coagulants. Inhibitors ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: lawv sai sai nres ntshav.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Thaum twg yog cov tshuaj fibrinolysis inhibitors? Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj no yog raws li nram no:
- Cov ntshav ntau dhau cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm siab fibrinolytic ntawm cov ntshav.
- ntshav poob tom qab kev phais (kev phais ntsws, thyroid thiab txiav txiav, tshem tawm prostate)
- Placental abruption. Pom tus fetus tuag nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam tau ntev.
- Cirrhosis ntawm lub siab, kab mob raum.
- YPancreatitis.
- plab hnyuv thiab duodenal ulcer.
- Sepsis.
Inhibitors raug coj los ua ntsiav tshuaj lossis tso rau hauv.
YContraindications
Kev ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj Amben thiab lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas los ntawm tus kws kho mob, yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv loj thiab lwm yam teeb meem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txhua yam tshuaj muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Piv txwv li, aminocaproic acid tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg. Yog tias koob tshuaj tau teem me me, ces tus neeg mob yuav tsis pom qhov tsis zoo tshwm sim. Nws yog txwv tsis pub sau tshuaj inhibitors rau cov neeg uas muaj lub siab nyiam embolism thiab thrombosis, cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis zoo thiab lub siab ua haujlwm, thaum cev xeeb tub. Ceev faj fibrinolysis tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv lub pathology ntawm cerebral ncig, kab mob plawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus neeg mob lub sijhawm tag nrho lub sijhawm kho thiab xyuas cov ntsiab lus fibrinogen hauv cov ntshav.
Aminocaproic acid tov, zoo li lwm yam tshuaj inhibitor, muaj kev phiv. Lawv tshwm sim yog tias tus neeg mob tau txais cov koob tshuaj ib txwm muaj, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm lub raum ua haujlwm. Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev noj tshuaj inhibitors muaj xws li kev tsis haum tshuaj, oua pa ib ntsuj av, ua pob liab vog, qhov ntswg congestion, ringing nyob rau hauv pob ntseg, kub qhov muag thiab liab, xeev siab, raws plab, fluctuations nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, kiv taub hau, tsis muaj zog, lub plawv atherosclerosis. Koj tsis tuaj yeem noj aprotinin thiab aminocaproic acid ib txhij. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav txhaws.
Drug list
Tshuaj yog kws kho mob tau sau tseg thaum los ntshav, tiv thaiv, tom qab phais, suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob uas muaj ntau cov ntaub so ntswg fibrinolysis activators. Piv txwv li, aminocaproic acid yog noj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm kaum tsib grams tauj ib hnub, faib cov koob tshuaj. Ib 5% tov ntawm 100 ml yog txhaj dropwise. Cov koob tshuaj yog teem rau tus kheej. Kev kho mob nrog inhibitors yog los ntawm rau hnub rau plaub lub lis piam.
Kev faib tawm ntawm fibrinolysis inhibitors yog ua raws li cov tshuaj siv tshuaj. Txhua yam tshuaj muaj nws tus kheej. Cov tshuaj ntawm pab pawg no yog tawm tsam fibrinolytics. Inhibitors tso tseg los ntshav thiab stabilize fibrin. Cov pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj xws li tranexanoic thiab aminocaproic acids, paraaminomethylbenzoic acid. Aprotinin yog lub ntuj inhibitor ntawm trypsin thiab plasmin. Ua tsaug rau lawv, qib ntawm proteases nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg txo, o nyob rau hauv pancreas yog relieved. Cov tshuaj no raug pom zoo los ntshav los ntawm kev phais, kev raug mob, kev yug menyuam, thiab cov teeb meem los ntawm kev kho thrombolytic. Cov tshuaj inhibitors ntawm fibrinolysis muaj xws li "Amben","Gordox", "Kontrykal 10000", "Aproteks", "Aerus", "Gumbix", "Ingitril", "Pamba", "Resticam", "Tranexam", "Exacil", "Traskolan" thiab lwm yam.
YAminocaproic acid
Zoo li lwm yam inhibitors, nws yog siv los ntshav thiab kab mob ntawm lub cev. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug crystalline hmoov. Nws tsis muaj saj, tsw thiab xim, nws dissolves zoo nyob rau hauv dej. Tsis txhob siv nrog hypersensitivity, thaum cev xeeb tub. Muaj ntau yam kev phiv.
Aprotinin
Broad spectrum inhibitor. Nws raug sau tseg rau kev poob ntshav hnyav, mob pancreatitis, postoperative, post-traumatic los ntshav, angioedema, poob siab tom qab hlawv, raug mob, intoxication, rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm embolism, raws li ib tug ntxiv kev kho mob. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj Amben hais tias lawv kuj raug sau rau los ntshav (postoperative, uterine, gastrointestinal, nasal), leukemia, sepsis.
Tranexam
Qhov no yog tshuaj hemostatic hloov plasminogen rau plasmin. Tsis pub tsim cov kinins, uas ua rau mob thiab ua xua. Tso tseg cov ntshav poob hauv cov kab mob pathologies, ua raws li kev kho mob. Nws raug sau tseg ntawm kev pheej hmoo los ntshav tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txhim kho fibrinolysis, nrog malignant neoplasms, inflammatory txheej txheem, tsis haum.kab mob. Cov koob tshuaj yog teem rau tus kheej. Cov tshuaj muaj contraindications thiab phiv nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub plawv, digestive system, coagulation systems, raws li zoo raws li lub hauv paus paj hlwb. Tsis txhob siv yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj hypersensitivity rau cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg.
