Hnub no, hauv chaw kho hniav, txhua tus neeg mob tuaj yeem xaiv cov khoom siv rau nws tus kheej. Muaj ntau hom kev kho hniav cement, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm kev zoo nkauj, lub zog thiab durability. Txhawm rau khaws thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov hniav uas muaj kab mob, kev tsim lub kaus mom yuav pab tau. Txhua tus kws kho hniav paub tias cov khoom siv hniav yuav ua tiav yog tias cov hniav zoo nkauj zoo nkauj siv rau kev txhim kho txhim khu kev qha.
Properties
Kev kho hniav zoo yuav tsum muaj qee yam khoom. Thawj yog yuav tsum tau biocompatible. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yuav khov kho rau tus hniav tiag. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov tshwm sim uas qhov txhaws yuav poob tawm thiab tsim cov caries nruab nrab yuav raug txo kom tsawg.
Cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj lub sijhawm ua kom zoo. Yuav tsum muaj sij hawm txaus rau tus kws kho mob maj mam tso cov khoom ua kom zoo. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws yuav nyuaj rau tus neeg mob zaum nrog nws lub qhov ncauj qhib lub sijhawm ntev thaum tos cov khoom tawv.
Toothcementitious compound yuav tsum:
- be hypoallergenic;
- muaj cov qauv zoo ib yam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov sib tov yuav muaj peev xwm mus ua nruj nreem rau tus so ntawm tus hniav. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsis muaj qhov khoob khoob qhov twg cov kab mob uas ua rau caries tuaj yeem sib ntxiv;
- ua kom ruaj khov heev. Cov sib tov muaj zog muaj peev xwm tiv taus ntau zom thiab sib tsoo ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus.
Cov khoom siv hauv nws cov qauv thiab xim yuav tsum nyob ze li sai tau rau cov enamel muab los ntawm qhov xwm txheej, thiab kuj tsis ua rau staining. Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov txhaws yuav tsum tsis txhob poob nws cov xim qub, txawm tias raug rau cov xim sib txawv.
Ntau yam
Kev Kho Hniav siv ntau hom nplaum, piv txwv li, muaj cov uas siv rau kev tshem cov hniav hniav. Cov cement no ua haujlwm li ntawm 24 teev. Thaum lub sij hawm no, muaj pes tsawg leeg tsis harden, tseem elastic. Yuav cov khoom siv kho hniav no ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj. Feem ntau cov sib xyaws yog siv los tuav ua ke ntawm tus choj tawg.
Qhov zoo ntawm hom nplaum nplaum no yog tias lawv ua pa tshiab, thiab tseem muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsuas yog tus kws kho hniav yuav tsum tau sau cov khoom tsim nyog los txhim kho thiab kho hniav hniav.
Nyob thiab lub sij hawm ntawm fastening nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab hom cement. Yog li, cov cement muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas yog npaj los kho cov hniav cuav, tsuas yog siv tau rau ib hnub, thiab rau cov yas - rau ob peb lub lis piam.
Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom sib txawv:
- kua;
- semi-kua;
- thick.
Thick thiab viscous cement yog ib txwm noj ntau dua li cov kua nruab nrab lossis kua.
khoom
Muaj 5 hom kev kho hniav tseem ceeb, uas txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw, cov no yog:
- polymer;
- phosphate;
- silicate-phosphate;
- iav ionomer;
- polycarboxylate.
Pros and cons of the polymer type
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv polymer suav nrog:
- lub zog zoo;
- muaj tus qauv homogeneous;
- siab viscosity.
Ua tsaug rau ob lub zog kawg, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov enamel, cement thiab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov hniav.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov polymers yog kev ua xua ntau zaus thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm ntuj enamel thiab cov khoom ntim.
Pros thiab cons ntawm phosphate hom
Phosphate mus tas li kho hniav cement muaj ntau qhov zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem lees paub. Nws muaj zinc hmoov thiab phosphoric acid. Vim nws lub zog, nws yog qhov zoo heev rau kev sau cov hniav uas muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau thaum zom. Cov mis sib tov yooj yim thiab teeb tsa sai.
Tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab lawv muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Npaj acidity. Yog hais tias muaj pes tsawg leeg tau nyob rau hauv lub pulp, ces cov hlab ntsha xaus yuav ua rau mob.
- Tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Nyob hauv yav tom ntej muajQhov ua tau ntawm huab cua ntawm cov khoom siv, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim ntawm cov filling.
Pros thiab cons ntawm polycarboxylate type
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb zinc oxide, tsis muaj cov khoom seem, ua kom sai sai nrog polyacrylic acid. Cov khoom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj polycarboxylate yog qhov tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua, zoo adhesion rau enamel thiab dentin. Lub sijhawm kho yog 7-8 feeb, uas yog qhov zoo.
Tshem tawm - lub zog tsis txaus, vim nws yog cov khoom siv kho hniav ib ntus. Nws tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom tsis tas mus tas li thiab kho cov prostheses. Cov dej distilled yuav tsum tau dilute cov formulations.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom silicate phosphate
Cov cements no muaj aluminosilicate iav hauv hmoov, uas yog diluted nrog phosphoric acid. Silicate-phosphate sib tov muaj lawv qhov zoo. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog versatility. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau txhua lub hom phiaj. Cov khoom no muaj lub zog siab. Ib yam li ntuj enamel, silicate-phosphate sib tov yog cov pob tshab.
Qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws tawv sai heev. Tsis pub dhau 5 feeb, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum muab lub foob, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau nws qhov zoo. Cov khoom tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov hmoov-kua daim ntawv.
Pros and cons of the iav ionomer type
Cov kua ib feem ntawm cov khoom yog sawv cev los ntawm polyacrylic acid. iav ionomer kho hniav xis mas sawv tawm rau nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo. Nws txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim caries. Cov txiaj ntsig suav nrog:
- zoo tshajua ke ntawm lub zog thiab elasticity;
- zoo nkauj zoo nkauj;
- tsis muaj kev fab tshuaj;
- siab biocompatibility;
- dye resistance.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom tawv tawv rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Txawm hais tias lub ntsiab solidification yuav siv sij hawm 6 feeb, txawm li cas los xij, thaum nruab hnub nws reacts rau irritants. Tsis tas li ntawd, iav ionomers yog polished tsis zoo.
Ib daim foos
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub muaj cov hmoov thiab cov kua, uas, thaum sib tov, tsim ib tug zoo li paste loj. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm solidification, nws pib harden thiab ua zoo li lub pob zeb. Cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm hardening.
Kho hniav cement muaj xws li:
- cais kua thiab hmoov. Daim ntawv no feem ntau siv. Cov khoom filling yog npaj manually los ntawm tus kws kho mob txoj cai ua ntej siv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, koj tuaj yeem kho qhov ntom ntawm qhov sib xyaw, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus kws kho hniav tsis muaj kev paub zoo, qhov sib tov yuav tig tawm los ua kua heev los yog kua.
- Powder. Cov dej distilled yog siv ntawm no.
- Npaj sib tov hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum. Lawv tau npaj raws li tus qauv, lawv cov kua thiab cov khoom qhuav yog qhov zoo sib xws.
- Ib tus neeg noj tshuaj ntsiav nrog kua thiab hmoov.
Cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij
Ua ntej txhim kho lub kaus mom rau ntawm cov hniav puas, nws yog hauv av, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov cement, tshwj xeeb tsim rau lub hom phiaj no. Ua tsaug rau cov khoom nolub crown yog txuas ruaj khov, tsis txav thaum zom. Tom qab hardening, cov khoom no ua tau ntev heev. Lub cev pob txha kho nrog qhov loj no tuaj yeem sawv ntsug rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo, thaum tus neeg tsis muaj qhov tsis hnov tsw tsw thiab tsw ntxhiab los ntawm nws.
Txawm tias thaum yuav cov nplaum nplaum uas muaj zog tshaj plaws, tsis muaj kev lees paub tias nws yuav tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tias lub kaus mom poob tawm thiab koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho hniav. Yog tias tsis tuaj yeem mus ntsib kws kho mob, koj tuaj yeem sim daws qhov teeb meem ntawm koj tus kheej hauv tsev.
siv tsev
Tsev siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws txawv ntawm qhov uas siv los ntawm kws kho hniav. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem kho cov yas ib ntus ua ntej mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias nws tsis yooj yim sua kom taug kev nrog cov pob qij txha kho nyob rau hauv txoj kev no ntev.
Ua ntej yuav muab cov yas ntim pov tseg, nws tau ntxuav ntawm cov cement qub nrog cov kuab tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab txhuam. Cov tshuaj no raug muag hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj. Ib tug huv prosthesis yog ntxuav nyob rau hauv dej thiab qhuav. Yog lub kaus mom ntub dej, daim ntawv cog lus yuav tsis muaj zog.
Tom qab ntawd cov nplaum yog siv rau lub crown, uas yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw. Yuav ua li cas rau kev kho hniav cement nyob rau hauv tsev yog qhia nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia rau cov khoom uas yog yuav tom khw. Thaum yuav cov cement, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias nws sib haum nrog cov yas lossis cov hniav hniav.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tseeb thiab txawm tias kev teeb tsa ntawm lub kaus mom. Tom qab ntawd ob peb feeb koj yuav tsum nruj nreem clench koj cov hniav. Rau qhov ntawdlub sij hawm, lub prosthesis yuav ruaj khov rau cov hniav thiab poob rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog tias mam li nco dheev, thaum nias, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tshaj tawm, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Cov khoom no yog non-toxic. Tom qab ntawd, txwv tsis pub haus thiab noj tsawg kawg ib teev.
Yog cov hniav raug kho kom zoo, qhov kev kho zoo li no yuav kav ntev li 14 mus rau 21 hnub. Cov hniav yuav tsum tau txhuam kom zoo, thiab cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau chew ntawm sab nraud, ces cov yas yuav tsis poob ua ntej. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tsis yog txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj muag cov khoom siv kho hniav. Muaj ob qho kev xaiv pheej yig thiab kim. Nws raug nquahu kom koj nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej yuav khoom txhua yam.
