Ntau tus neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog tuaj yeem muaj kab mob hauv lub duav, ua rau kev taug kev thiab kev txhawb nqa tsis zoo. Xws li cov kab mob pathological cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub neej zoo thiab feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis taus.
txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob musculoskeletal, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj X-ray ntawm lub duav sib koom ua ke, uas yog kev kuaj pom hluav taws xob uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov duab tsis zoo ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb-sensitive txheej. ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb. Ua tsaug rau cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no, nws tuaj yeem ua tau kom tau txais cov duab pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov nruab nrab digital thiab ntawm lub monitor.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
X-ray ntawm lub duav pob qij txha, zoo li lwm yam kev kuaj mob, muaj qee yam zoo. Cov no suav nrog kev yooj yim thiab kev nkag tau yooj yim, nrog rau tus nqi qis ntawm cov txheej txheem. Qee zaum, xws li kev ntsuam xyuas tuaj yeem ua tau dawb xwb. Yog nyob ntawm tesyuav muaj x-ray, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tswv yim los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, thiab tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas qhov mob ntawm tus kab mob thaum rov kuaj dua.
X-ray muaj nws qhov tsis zoo:
- raug rau lub cev ntawm X-ray hluav taws xob, txawm tias hauv koob me me;
- tsis muaj peev xwm ntsuas kev sib koom ua haujlwm;
- cheeb tsam hauv kev tshuaj xyuas feem ntau sib tshooj nrog cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, ua rau cov duab sib tshooj;
- tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los ntsuas qhov mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg;
- me ntsis ntaub ntawv.
Indications thiab contraindications
Yog tias lub duav pob qij txha mob, x-rays raug coj los txiav txim qhov ua rau qhov no. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no suav tias yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub cev musculoskeletal. X-rays qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub duav pob qij txha, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov laj thawj hauv qab no:
- kev raug mob (dislocations, fractures);
- degenerative pathology (cystic remodeling, osteoarthritis, aseptic necrosis);
- pob txha hlav, metastases;
- kab mob inflammatory (osteomyelitis, mob caj dab);
- congenital anomalies (hypoplasia, dysplasia);
- kab mob metabolic (gout, osteoporosis).
Ib qho contraindication rau qhov kev kuaj no yog cev xeeb tub txhua lub sijhawm, nrog rau cov kab mob ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, raum,lub siab. Tshwj tsis yog tias muaj laj thawj zoo, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj kom tsis txhob x-rays rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos. Yog hais tias xws li ib tug txheej txheem yog ua los ntawm ib tug sib piv tus neeg sawv cev, ces daim ntawv teev cov contraindications yuav ntau wider. Nws suav nrog cov xeev hauv qab no ntawm lub cev:
- mob hnyav ntawm lub siab thiab lub raum;
- tuberculosis nyob rau theem nquag;
- ua xua rau cov tshuaj muaj iodine;
- lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm;
- mob hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob.
X-rays
Yog tias lub duav sib koom ua thab, x-ray ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Cov txheej txheem no yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov txheeb ze simplicity. Tom qab tus neeg mob tau txais kev xa mus rau kev kuaj mob, nws yuav tsum tau npaj kom zoo kom cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev npaj
Yog tias yuav tsum tau kuaj X-ray ntawm lub duav sib koom ua ke, feem ntau tsis xav tau kev npaj tshwj xeeb, tab sis tseem muaj qee cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev saib xyuas.
Vim tias thaj chaw nyob hauv kev kawm nyob ze txaus rau txoj hnyuv, nws cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau daim duab zoo. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov pa roj. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj hnyuv, nws raug nquahu kom ua kom huv huv ntawm lub plab ua ntej ntawm txoj kev kawm thaum yav tsaus ntuj thiab sawv ntxov tom ntej. Koj tuaj yeem haus cov tshuaj laxative ua ntej qhov txheej txheem.
Yog tias x-ray yuav ua nrog tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv, ces yuav tsum tau ua ntej ua ntej rau nws.txhais ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem pib nrog qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo.
Ntse
Ua ntej tus txheej txheem, tus neeg mob tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws nruj, tag nrho cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab cov khoom hlau, vim tias lawv yuav cuam tshuam rau cov duab. Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas lub duav sib koom ua ke, x-rays tau ua hauv ntau qhov projections. Cov phaj hlau tiv thaiv tau muab tso rau ntawm tus neeg mob ua ntej kuaj.
Txhawm rau thaij duab ntawm thaj chaw pelvic, lub cuab yeej xa cov kab hluav taws xob hla lub duav sib koom ua ke. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov hluav taws xob pib tawg thiab nres, thiab cov degree ntawm kev tawg yog nyob ntawm qhov ntom ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg kuaj. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ib daim duab ntawm lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg los ntawm cov hluav taws xob twb dhau lawm pib tshwm nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis. Daim duab qhia meej meej pom cov pob txha, uas muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws. Tus kws kho mob-radiologist siv x-ray tso rau ntawm lub vijtsam luminous tuaj yeem muab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov qauv sab hauv ntawm kev sib koom tes.
Kev kawm ntawm lub xaib no feem ntau yog ua tiav:
- pem hauv ntej nrog ob txhais ceg sib nrug;
- Sab nrog ob txhais ceg.
Yog tias qhov x-ray ntawm lub duav sib koom ua ke, tus qauv yog thaum thaij duab hauv ob qhov projections. Qhov no tso cai rau koj los tsim cov kev kuaj mob kom raug. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv sijhawm li 10 feeb, thaum tus neeg mob tau txais cov koob tshuaj hluav taws xob ntawm 1.5 millisieverts.
X-ray txhais
Radiography tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam yuam kev. Qhov no yogyog vim qhov tseeb tias x-rays xa tawm los ntawm cathode ray raj diverge. Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm tsis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, tab sis nyob rau ntawm ntug ntawm daim duab teb, cov duab yuav ua tau me ntsis lengthened. Hauv qhov no, qhov ntev ntawm cov pob qij txha kuaj tau raug hloov kho.
Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov kev kuaj mob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb tus kws kuaj mob tsim nyog li cas. Txhua tus kab mob muaj nws tus yam ntxwv yam ntxwv uas tau tshwm sim hauv cov duab:
- tawg - pob txha tawg pom;
- dislocations - koj tuaj yeem pom qhov hloov chaw ntawm cov pob qij txha;
- osteoarthritis - nqaim ntawm qhov chaw sib koom ua ke, osteophytes;
- aseptic necrosis - pob txha regeneration, foci ntawm osteosclerosis;
- osteoporosis - thinned qauv, txo cov pob txha ntom kom pom tseeb;
- dysplasia - kuaj tsis tiav lossis txawv txav ntawm lub taub hau femoral nrog rau cov kab noj hniav glenoid raug kuaj pom;
- qog - blackout foci, volumetric formations.
X-rays
X-ray ntawm lub duav pob qij txha hauv cov menyuam yaus tsuas yog ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia, vim tias cov txheej txheem zoo li no suav tias tsis zoo thiab yav tom ntej hematological pathologies tuaj yeem tsim lossis hloov pauv ntawm oncological profile yuav tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau nrhiav ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb zoo uas yuav tau sau ib txoj kev tshawb fawb nrog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, vim tias qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob me me yuav tsawg.
X-ray ntawm lub duav pob qij txha hauv tus menyuam zoo dua tsis ua. Tus kws kho mob feem ntau sau tshuaj xyuas ultrasound rau cov menyuam yaus uas tseem tsis tau muaj ib xyoos rau cov hom phiaj no. Txij li thaum cov menyuam mos txog li peb lub hlis cov leeg tseem atrophied, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob xws li hip dysplasia. X-ray yuav tsis pab rau qhov no. Nws raug nquahu kom nqa nws tawm thaum pob txha mos muaj calcium thiab hloov mus rau hauv cov pob txha.
Zoo kawg
Yog li, yog tias lub duav pob qij txha puas lawm, x-ray yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj tus kab mob. Txij li cov txheej txheem zoo li no tsis suav tias muaj kev nyab xeeb, nws yuav tsum tau ua tsis pub ntau tshaj ib zaug txhua rau lub hlis. Yog tias tsim nyog los ua nws rau cov menyuam yaus, ces tus kws kho mob yuav tsum txo qis qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm hluav taws xob.
