Peb saib cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam. Tus kab mob no yog dab tsi? Vim li cas thiaj txaus ntshai? Kev mob hnyav ntawm bronchi, uas yog nrog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam, hu ua obstructive bronchitis. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, yog hais tias, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm o, lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi nqaim thiab ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm hnoos qeev tsis tau tag nrho tawm. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa tsis ua haujlwm thiab bronchial edema. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yog ib hom kev phom sij tshaj plaws ntawm bronchitis, thiab feem ntau nws cuam tshuam rau menyuam yaus. Tab sis ntawm cov neeg laus, xws li kev kuaj mob kuj muaj. Peb yuav saib seb tus kab mob no puas txaus ntshai, yuav ua li cas thiaj paub thiab kho nws.
Cov ntawv ntawm obstructive bronchitis
Los ntawm Latin lub npe cuam tshuam yog txhais ua "kev cuam tshuam" - qhov no yog qhov swb ntawm lub bronchi vim yog cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hnoos nrog hnoos qeev thiab ua tsis taus pa hnyav.
Cov menyuam yaus raug tus kab mob no ntau dua thiab ntau zaustxom nyem. Feem ntau cov nquag thiab hnyav ntau yam yog mob obstructive bronchitis. Xws li kev kuaj mob feem ntau yog ua nrog hnoos ntev nrog hnoos qeev. Tab sis yog hais tias kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam thiab cov neeg laus ua tau zoo, ces tus kab mob no tsis rov.
Thiab yog tias txoj kev kho tau ua tsis tau zoo, ces cov kab mob hnyav zuj zus thiab dhau mus ntev. Feem ntau, tus mob no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg laus ntau dua ib nrab ntawm tib neeg. Tus kab mob no muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm pathology tshwm sim ntau dua thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws. Cov tsos mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus yog heev unpleasant.
Alveolar cov ntaub so ntswg cuam tshuam loj heev - qhov no tau kho hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob. Ib qho broncho-obstructive syndrome tau tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem muaj kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv cov pa. Secondary diffuse emphysema tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd hypoxia ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov ntaub so ntswg pib vim qhov ua pa tsis txaus ntawm lub ntsws.
Yog tus kab mob kis tau ua rau mob ntsws, ces nws tuaj yeem kis tau. Thiab yog tias nws mob hawb pob lossis ua xua bronchitis, ces nws tsis kis tau.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub tias tus kab mob no feem ntau sau tseg ntawm cov pej xeem uas nyob hauv huab cua ntub. Cov huab cua zoo li no yog qhov zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob bronchitis.
Pab pathology tsim li cas? Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov tsis zoo, cov hlwb ntawm ciliary epithelium maj mam tuag. Thiab cesmuaj ib tug pathological hloov nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ceev ntawm mucus. Tom qab xws li kev hloov pauv, tag nrho cov kab mob bactericidal tau ploj mus, thiab cov bronchi tau tso tseg yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cilia tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog xws li cov hnoos qeev thiab yog li ntawd tag nrho qeeb ntawm kev txav mus los. Qhov no ua rau cov mucus stagnation.
Qhov hnyav ntawm kev loj hlob nyob ntawm cov qauv tshwj xeeb thiab tuaj yeem yog peb qib. Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb uas tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab tus neeg mob tus mob yog FEV1. Qhov no yog lub ntim ntawm lub zog exhalation uas tau ua ib ob. Tom qab qhov ntsuas tau txais, ib qho ntawm peb theem ntawm tus kab mob tau tshwm sim:
- Thawj theem. FEV1 tshaj 50%. Qhov no yog mob obstructive bronchitis, uas tsis muaj kev kho mob. Xws li tus kab mob ntev tsis ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab rau tus neeg mob. Thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim kev puas tsuaj tsawg tsawg, tab sis, ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, tus neeg mob yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob.
- theem ob ntawm obstructive bronchitis. FEV1 txo qis rau 35-49%. Cov theem no ntawm tus kab mob no ua rau cov neeg mob muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, yog li ntawd, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob los ntawm pulmonologist tau ua tiav.
- thib peb. FEV1 tsawg dua 34%. Cov tsos mob yog ci, lub neej zoo yog qis dua. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau mus rau hauv tsev kho mob, qee kis tau tso cai kho mob sab nraud.
Zoo nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob no mus li cas thiab qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev yog dab tsi, ob qho tib si thim rov qab thiab hloov tsis tau bronchial tuaj yeem kuaj pom.
Kev hloov pauv hloov tau:
- bronchospasm;
- occlusion ntawm bronchial lumen;
- muag o.
Irreversiblepauv:
- hloov cov ntaub so ntswg bronchial;
- nqis ntawm lumen;
- emphysema thiab impaired cua ncig.
Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam feem ntau txuas.
ua rau ntawm pathology
Rau feem ntau, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, kab mob tshwm sim tom qab cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Tab sis tus kab mob uas tau nkag mus rau hauv tsis tas yuav nce ntxiv. Txhawm rau kom tus neeg muaj mob, yuav tsum muaj cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Tsis ntev los no, ntau thiab ntau tus neeg tau mob los ntawm obstructive bronchitis tom qab kis tau rau lub cev ntawm cov hauv qab no:
- Ib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo.
- Kev noj haus tsis zoo.
- Cov kab mob ntev ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev lossis dysbacteriosis.
- kab mob ua pa nyuaj.
- xeev kev nyuaj siab. Cov tsos mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus yog tham hauv qab no.
Kev ua xua rau tib neeg kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho tus kabmob. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug me nyuam muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj los ntawm lub hnub nyoog thaum ntxov, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob bronchitis nce. Muaj cov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus kabmob:
- ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw muaj kev phom sij (cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, miners, metallurgists);
- nkag mus rau cov tshuaj lom hauv lub ntsws;
- haus luam yeeb tau ntau xyoo;
- nyob hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev nyab xeeb tsis zoo.
Tseem muaj hu ua internalprovocateurs ntawm obstructive bronchitis. Kev tsim ntawm tus kab mob yog cuam tshuam los ntawm pawg ntshav thib ob, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces raws li qhov tsis txaus ntawm immunoglobulin A tau tshwm sim, nrog rau cov enzyme deficiency.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus, ntxiv rau cov laj thawj tseem ceeb, muaj ntau yam kev txhawb nqa. Yog li, pawg pheej hmoo suav nrog cov menyuam yaus uas:
- kuaj mob rickets;
- Poor Apgar cov qhab nia tom qab yug;
- qis qis perinatal;
- neurodermatitis, diathesis lossis lwm yam kab mob ua xua;
- kab mob kis kab mob;
- cov me nyuam uas tau pub niam mis;
- kev haus luam yeeb (niam txiv haus luam yeeb).
Symptomatics
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchitis nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, nrog rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv ntau txoj hauv kev nyob ntawm nws daim ntawv: nquag lossis mob ntev.
Kev tshwm sim hauv menyuam yaus
Cov menyuam yaus muaj cov tsos mob hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm obstructive bronchitis. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, daim ntawv mob hnyav no feem ntau tshwm sim vim kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob xws li adenovirus thiab cytomegalovirus.
Cov kab mob zoo li no hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov nyuaj tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Thawj cov cim qhia tau pom hauv cov menyuam yaus yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob SARS, ua npaws thiab hnoos tshwm.
Raws li tau sau tseg, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis muaj feem cuam tshuam zoo.
Ntau yam tshwm sim ua raws li:
- Kub tsis txo qis, nws nyuaj rau txo qis nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb.
- hnoos hnyav zuj zus, nrog ua pa luv.
- Sputum ua daj-ntsuab lossis tsis tuaj.
- Ntawm qhov exhalation, hawb pob yog pom tau, ua pa luv tau sau tseg. Cov tsos mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog pronounced tshaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus.
- Ua pa nrawm heev.
- mob caj pas thiab reddened caj pas.
- mob taub hau, tawm hws ntau ntxiv.
- tus me nyuam nqos cua.
- Kev ntxhov siab hnyav, quaj, tsaug zog, tsis kam noj zaub mov hauv obstructive bronchitis hauv menyuam yaus.
tseem ceeb heev! Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem zoo ib yam li lwm yam kab mob, yog li ntawd, rau kev kho mob tag nrho ntawm tus menyuam, yuav tsum muaj kev kuaj mob, uas yuav ua rau koj paub qhov txawv ntawm ib leeg. Kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Thiab yog tias tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tsis raug thiab muab kev kho tsis tsim nyog, tus kabmob yuav nce mus rau theem hnyav dua nrog cov tsos mob:
- tus menyuam mos tsis tuaj yeem ua pa tob tob;
- daim tawv nqaij daj;
- kub nce;
- tshuaj tshwj xeeb tsis txo qis ua pa;
- gurgling ua pa thaum pw;
- mob taub hau, kiv taub hau thiab tsis nco qab.
SymptomsObstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus
Hauv cov neeg laus, hom kab mob no tsis tshua muaj, tab sis cov tsos mob yuav zoo sib xws. Puas yog qhov siv zog tsawg dua.
Feem ntau cov neeg laus raug lees paub tam sim ntawm daim ntawv mob ntev. Hauv qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav ua tsis taus pa me ntsis, hnoos thiab hnoos qeev.
Kab mob tuaj yeem loj tuaj tom qab SARS. Nws tau nrog cov cim hauv qab no:
- Sputum hloov xim, tej zaum yuav tov nrog cov kua paug thiab cov ntshav streaks.
- Ntsws hnoos nrog cov yam ntxwv hawb pob.
- Ua tsis taus pa ntau ntxiv, nyuaj txav nrawm nrog mob hnyav ntawm bronchi.
- Vim vim tsis muaj oxygen los ntawm kev ua pa nyuaj, cyanosis (xiav discoloration ntawm nasolabial ib feem) tshwm rau ntawm lub ntsej muag.
- ntshav siab, mob taub hau thiab mob leeg.
- Tam sim no ceeb ntshai vim ua tsis taus pa.
Diagnosis
Tus kab mob no yooj yim rau kev kuaj mob. Thawj qhov kev qhia yog nws cov tsos mob. Thaum lub sij hawm auscultation (mloog ua pa), hawb pob thiab xuav yog txiav txim siab. X-ray raug coj mus kuaj kom paub meej tias qhov kev kuaj mob. Nyob rau hauv x-ray, theem ntawm bronchial puas yog yooj yim txiav txim. Thiab kom tau txais daim duab meej dua ntawm tus kab mob, cov txheej txheem kuaj mob ntxiv tau raug sau tseg:
- Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg bronchial nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tus neeg sawv cev ntawm obstructive bronchitis tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas.
- Spirography. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov ntim thiab ceev ntawm kev nqus pa thiab exhalation los ntawm lub tshuab tshwj xeeb.
- Pneumotachometry. Cov txheej txheem notuaj yeem xam cov qib ntawm txoj hlab ntsws thaiv kev siv txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ntsuas qhov nqus pa litres cua ib ob.
- Kev tshuaj ntsuam dav dav ntawm cov kua dej lom - tso zis, ntshav venous, hnoos qeev.
Kev kuaj mob zoo li no muaj peev xwm nkag siab ntau ntxiv txog theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm bronchial, txiav txim siab txog qhov mob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg bronchial, nrog rau qhov ua rau mob.
Kev kho mob
Cia peb xav seb yuav kho tus mob bronchitis li cas rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Nws muaj nws qhov sib txawv.
Kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog ib txwm ua nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus kev kho mob sab nraud kuj raug tso cai. Raws li tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, FEV1 degree, suav ntshav thiab cov xwm txheej, tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob.
Kev kho mob rau cov neeg laus
Kho kho mob bronchitis rau cov neeg laus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas nws tus provocateur (qhov no yuav yog kev haus luam yeeb, kev ua neej tsis zoo, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, thiab lwm yam), thiab tom qab ntawd nws yog cais kiag.
Yog tias tsis muaj qhov exacerbation, tus neeg mob tau txais kev kho mob kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, noj zaub mov kom zoo, ua haujlwm ntev hauv huab cua thiab noj qab haus huv.
Thiab yog tias muaj qhov hnyav dhau lawm, qhov no, tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj bronchodilators thiab tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov kab mob bronchitis rau cov neeg laus.
Yog tias muaj cov hnoos qeev tawm nrog cov kua qaub, tej zaumsau tshuaj tua kab mob xws li Amoxil, Sumamed thiab Augmentin. Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim ua pa, siv bronchodilators - Berotek, Atrovent. Cov tshuaj uas txhawb cov hnoos qeev - Ambroxol, Muk altin. Tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thaum muaj mob yog vibration massage, uas yog tsom rau kev so cov leeg ntawm lub hauv siab.
Kev kho mob rau menyuam yaus
Kev kho mob rau cov menyuam yaus tsuas yog ua hauv tsev kho mob nkaus xwb. Nws muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv raug tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug tsis haum tshuaj tivthaiv - "Diazolin", "Erius", "Loratodin".
- Infusions nrog cov vitamins rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm tus kabmob, yog tus menyuam tsis kam noj thiab haus.
- Mucolytics. Lawv pab kom ceev cov hnoos qeev, tab sis yog hais tias lub bronchi yog clogged, lawv lub sij hawm yog contraindicated. Nrog kev tso cai los ntawm tus kws kho mob tuaj koom, koj tuaj yeem noj ACC, Lazolvan, Muk altin.
- Bronchodilators. Coj los kho ua pa ua pa.
- Tshuaj tua kab mob - rau qhov ua rau kis tus kab mob, kev teem sijhawm tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kws kho mob xwb.
- Kev haus dej haus. Ua kom cov kua dej ntau ntxiv kom cov hnoos qeev dhau sai.
- Kev nqus pa.
Ib qho chaw tseem ceeb ntawm no yog taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab, nyiam qhov av noo. Thiab tom qab ntawd cov lus nug yuav tshwm sim: puas muaj peev xwm taug kev nrog tus menyuam yaus uas raug mob bronchitis? Cov lus teb yog qhov zoo kiag li. Tab sis muaj qee yam los xav txog:tus menyuam tsis muaj qhov kub thiab txias sab nraud (nws raug tso cai tawm mus txog -10 degrees).
Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj
Muaj ntau cov zaub mov txawv pej xeem uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob bronchitis. Lawv yuav pab txo qhov o ntawm bronchi, o thiab txhim kho cov hnoos qeev. Nov yog qee qhov ntawm lawv:
- Decoction of elecampane. Ncuav ib teaspoon rau hauv ib lub tais enamel, ncuav 200 milliliters ntawm boiling dej rau hauv nws thiab muab tso rau ib tug me me hluav taws. Tom qab 15 feeb, lub broth yuav npaj txhij, thiab ces nws yuav tsum tau muab tso tseg thiab cia nws brew rau 3-4 teev. Tom qab ntawd lim thiab noj 1 tablespoon 4 zaug hauv ib hnub. Dab tsi ntxiv yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm obstructive bronchitis rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus?
- Radish nrog zib mu. Ua ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv dub radish. Muab 1 teaspoon ntawm zib mu rau hauv lub qhov thiab tos kom txog thaum cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib ooze los ntawm radish. Koj yuav tsum noj 4 tablespoons ib hnub twg nrog 3 teev.
- Tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab. Siv 25 grams qhuav tangerine tev thiab 500 milliliters dej. Boil on hluav taws. Tom qab ib teev, ntxiv 25 grams candied tangerines thiab ua noj rau lwm teev. Tom qab ntawd txias thiab noj tsib tablespoons thaum sawv ntxov thiab ib tablespoon tsawg dua txhua teev. Tag nrho cov no yuav pab tshem tawm cov kab mob bronchitis.
Nyob rau kev tiv thaiv
Dab tsi tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob? Cov kws kho mob pom zoo:
- cov txheej txheem tawv tawv txij thaum ntxov;
- zam qhov chaw muaj neeg coob coob thaum lub caij muaj kev kis tus kab mob kis mus ntxiv;
- tus me nyuam yuav tsumtau txais cov vitamins txhua hnub, zaub tshiab thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- taug kev sab nraum zoov;
- yog tias muaj qhov ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj, ces yuav tsum tau ntsuas los tiv thaiv nws;
- cua tshuab hauv chav thiab ntub dej ntxuav chav uas tus menyuam nyob.
Zoo kawg
Tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev kho mob hauv tsev yuav tsis hloov cov lus qhia tshaj lij los ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thiab kev kho kom raug. Mus ntsib kws kho mob hauv lub sijhawm, saib xyuas koj tus kheej thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, thiab nco ntsoov tias nws tsis tuaj yeem kho tus mob bronchitis ntawm koj tus kheej. Nco ntsoov tiv thaiv thiab coj txoj kev noj qab nyob zoo.
