Nasal congestion lossis, qhov sib txawv, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg hnyav - cov tsos mob no tshwm sim. Npog lub qhov ntswg tam sim ntawd los cawm. Cov chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, nws txoj kev loj hlob lossis kev tshem tawm tiav yuav nyob ntawm qhov raug xaiv tee. Ua li no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txiav txim siab seb qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog dab tsi, thaum nws zoo dua los ua cov tshuaj ntsev xwb, thiab thaum twg nyuaj.
Vim li cas qhov ntswg qhov ntswg tshwm
Kab mob ntawm lub qhov ntswg (rhinitis) tshwm sim vim li cas. Muaj lwm yam cuam tshuam rau mucosa. Thiab cov xwm txheej no muaj zog, txwv tsis pub lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv tam sim. Thiab cov mucous membrane tsis tuaj yeem ua nws txoj haujlwm, yog li qhov mob ntawm qhov ntswg mucosa tshwm sim.
Viruses
Ntawm no yog ib qho ua rau ua kua ntswg. Feem ntau. Tus kab mob no nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov ntswg mucosa thiab kis mus rau mucosal hlwb nyob rau ntawd, pib mus rau multiply. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob tshwm sim, nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob, lawv tuaj yeem ua mob hnyav lossis mob me. Xws li tus kab mob no tau txaishu nws ua tus kab mob ua pa nyuaj.
Bacteria
Qhov no yog qhov thib ob ua rau ua kua ntswg. Cov kab mob muaj ntau dua li cov kab mob. Ntxiv mus, cov kab mob xav tau ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes, lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsim kev sib cais ntawm nws, thiab cov kab mob yog cov kab mob sib cais uas tuaj yeem muab rau lawv tus kheej, uas lawv xav tau zaub mov thiab qee yam mob. Lub qhov ntswg yog qhov chaw zoo heev rau qhov no, uas yog vim li cas cov kab mob ua rau cov kab mob rhinitis.
Tus mob qhov ntswg tuaj yeem kis tau tus kab mob sib cais. Feem ntau, nrog ARVI, lub qhov ntswg pib thiab tom qab ntawd caj pas, hnoos, thiab lwm yam koom nrog. Yog hais tias qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug kab mob, ces nws tseem yog ib tug kab mob sib cais, tsis muaj lwm yam tsos mob nrog rau nws.
Viral-bacterial cause
Nws tshwm sim tias thawj qhov ua rau lub qhov ntswg yog tus kab mob, tab sis tom qab ntawd, vim yog lub cev tsis muaj zog lossis lwm yam laj thawj, kab mob kis tau los. Cov kab mob nyob hauv ib tus neeg, tab sis thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, txhua yam nyob hauv symbiosis, thiab tsis muaj leej twg cuam tshuam nrog leej twg, tab sis yog tias muaj kev tsis ua haujlwm, ces lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis ua haujlwm zoo, thiab cov kab mob pib ntau zuj zus., ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob.
Coj vim li cas
Yog tias tib neeg lub cev txias dhau, tom qab ntawd thermoregulation thiab ntshav ncig raug cuam tshuam, lub cev tiv thaiv cov khoom raug coj los tswj qhov kub uas xav tau (paub rau txhua tus neeg li 36.6 °). Thiab thaum lub cev tsis khoom muab cua sov, cov kab mob uas nyob hauv nasopharynx pib rov ua kom ntau ntxiv.
Kev tsis haum
Kev tsis haum raws li qhov ua rauqhov tshwm sim ntawm tus mob khaub thuas kuj paub zoo heev. Irritants cuam tshuam lub qhov ntswg mucosa, thiab ib qho kev tsis haum rhinitis tshwm sim. Ib tus neeg yuav tsis muaj kev tsis haum rau txhua tus (thiab vim yog kev ua xua rau lub rhinitis), tab sis muaj cov xwm txheej thaum tus kab mob tshwm sim vim paj thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, vim yog paj ntoos nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, los yog vim yog xim thaum lub sij hawm kho. Qhov ua rau tus kab mob no tsis paub tag nrho, vim li cas qee tus hnov mob stimuli, thaum lwm tus tsis ua. Tab sis qhov tseeb tias nws yog kev ua xua uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob rhinitis yog qhov tseeb paub.
Ntau hom tshuaj
Peb yuav saib tsib hom tshuaj. Thawj yog vasoconstrictor tee hauv qhov ntswg los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas. Qhov thib ob yog saline. Qhov thib peb yog cov roj poob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg. Peb kuj tseem yuav tshuaj xyuas cov kev npaj ua ke thiab cov kev poob qis.
Vasoconstrictor tshuaj
Rhinitis - lub npe los ntawm cov lus Greek thiab txhais tau tias mob ntawm qhov ntswg mucosa. Feem ntau, vasoconstrictor tee yog siv los kho nws. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no feem ntau siv rau kev kho mob rhinitis hauv cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Rau cov menyuam yaus, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg los ntawm qhov txias yog qhov tsim nyog. Cov neeg laus lossis menyuam yaus hnub nyoog tshaj 6 xyoo yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj no zoo dua, tab sis twb yog cov tshuaj tsuag.
Nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, cov tee dej ua rau cov mucosa los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nqaim, thiab vim li ntawd, qhov o ntawm lub qhov ntswg txo qis, thiab tus neeg rov qab los ua nws qhov qub thiab ua pa li qub. Tau kawg, qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ib ntus, tab sis qhov pom tau zoo li cas.
Cov hnoos qeev nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm vasoconstrictor tee yog tsim qeeb dua thiab ua kua tsawg vim yoguas restores yooj yim ntawm kev ua pa thiab relieves congestion.
Txhua qhov ntswg qhov ntswg yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob, kab lus no tsis yog lus qhia rau kev nqis tes ua, nws yog qhia.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias vasoconstrictor tee hauv qhov ntswg los ntawm qhov txias ua rau lub sijhawm luv luv thiab yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb. Koj tsis tuaj yeem siv cov tee ntawd ntev ntev, vim tias kev vam khom tuaj yeem txhim kho, thiab ua pa tsis muaj tee yuav ua tsis tau lawm.
khoom muaj nqis
Nyob hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj, tus neeg yuav khoom muaj ntau hom tshuaj nrog txhua hom npe. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias muaj xws li ib yam khoom uas muaj active tshuaj. Nws tshwm sim tias tib yam khoom muaj nyob hauv cov fwj sib txawv raws li cov npe sib txawv. Tab sis qhov no tsis ua lub luag haujlwm, vim tias lub ntsiab lus yog qhov tseeb: peb xaiv cov nyiaj raws li lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Yog li, dab tsi ntawm qhov ntswg dauv xaiv los ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg? Cov npe ntawm cov tshuaj tau nthuav tawm hauv qab no, raws li cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj.
Short-acting drug
Lub sijhawm raug 4-6 teev. Muaj peb pawg ntawm cov tshuaj no, sib txawv hauv cov tshuaj nquag:
- Naphazoline. Hauv khw muag tshuaj raws li nws, koj tuaj yeem pom cov tee: "Nafazolin", "Nafazol-Homofarm", "Naftizin", "Sanorin"
- Phenylephrine. Ntawm kev muag khoom tuaj yeem pom raws li "Nazol Baby" thiab "Nazol Kids".
- Tetrizoline. Lub npe lag luam: Tizin thiab Burnil.
tshuaj nruab nrab
Lub sij hawm raug cov tshuaj no yog 8-10 teev. Qhov no suav nrog ob pawg:
- YXylometazoline. Raws li cov tshuaj nquag no, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam tshuaj pheej yig hauv khw muag tshuaj: Galazolin, Dlyanos, Influrin, Xylen, Otrivin, Xymelin, Rinonorm, Rinostop, Farmazolin.
- YTramazolin. Hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem pom nws li "Lazolnazal plus", "Rinospray".
tshuaj tiv thaiv ntev
Cov tshuaj nquag yog oxymetazoline, lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj no ntau dua 12 teev. Hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov npe lag luam hauv qab no:
- "Afrin";
- "Nazivin";
- Knoxprey;
- "Nazol";
- "Sanorinchik";
- Fervex Spray;
- Leconil.
Txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj saum toj no muaj cov nyhuv vasoconstrictive, ua sai sai thiab txo qhov o, thiab tseem txo qis cov hnoos qeev thiab ua pa. Qhov no tsis yog ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho ntawm qhov ntswg tee rau qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, tab sis tam sim no nws tau pom tseeb tias cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li cov tshuaj nquag.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia thaum siv cov tshuaj no:
- Yog tias qhov ntswg ua pa cuam tshuam rau keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev mob ua pa nyuaj, qhov no yog qhov qhia txog kev siv tshuaj vasoconstrictor. Qhov ncauj ua pa nce qhov ua txhaum cai ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov mucous daim nyias nyias, fluidity thiab viscosity ntawm cov hnoos qeev hloov. Thiab yog li ntawd, muaj teeb meem tshwm sim.
- Thaum kub, thaum chav tsev qhuav thiab kub, thiab ntxiv rau qhov no, qhov ntswg congestion tau pom. Cov xwm txheej nocuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm cov teeb meem, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas kev siv cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor yog kev ncaj ncees.
- Thaum pw tsaug zog, nyob rau hauv lub supine txoj hauj lwm, cov hnoos qeev nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg muaj peev xwm mus sau. Thiab yog li ntawd nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov tshuaj yaug qhov ntswg ua ntej.
- Nrog otitis lossis sinusitis, kev siv cov vasoconstrictor tee yog qhov ncaj ncees, vim tias cov tshuaj rov ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov sinuses thiab pob ntseg kwj dej.
- Nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm qhov ntswg los ntawm cov npe raws li xav tau. Yog tias qhov ntswg txhaws, ces koj yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj, thiab yog tias lub qhov ntswg ua pa, ces nws tsis pom zoo kom siv vasoconstrictors ib zaug ntxiv. Ib qho tshwj xeeb yog qhov instillation ntawm lub qhov ntswg thaum muaj mob ua ntej mus pw hmo ntuj.
- Cov tshuaj Vasoconstrictive yuav tsum tau siv 3 mus rau 5 hnub. Xya hnub yog lub sijhawm siab tshaj plaws rau kev siv tee lossis tshuaj tsuag. Yog tias tom qab ib lub lim tiam ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor tsis muaj qhov ntswg ua pa, ces koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob.
- Phenylephrine muaj kev phiv tsawg heev. Nws twb tau sau tseg saum toj no tias nyob rau hauv lub khw muag tshuaj npaj raws li nws muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lub npe "Nazol Baby" thiab "Nazol Kids". Tsis zoo li tag nrho lwm cov tshuaj, phenylephrine tsis cuam tshuam rau lub plawv dhia, thiab yog li ntawd, qhov ntswg tee yog tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus. Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv tshuaj raws li phenylephrine.
Saline npaj
Ntau zaus muaj cov me nyuam tsis paub tshuab qhov ntswg, tab sis nqus hnoosaspirator rau muab qhov kev xav tau. Mucus accumulates nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, thiab txoj kev yooj yim tshaj los tshem tawm nws yog siv saline tee. Yuav luag tag nrho cov tee lossis tshuaj tsuag ntawm kev muag khoom, uas muaj lub npe sib txawv thiab txawv ntawm tus nqi (los ntawm pheej yig thiab pheej yig mus rau kim thiab zoo li siv tau), muaj tib yam khoom siv - sodium chloride. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev muag tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem yuav nws ua cov kua qaub. Cov tshuaj ntsev qhov ntswg rau cov menyuam yaus yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws thiab nyab xeeb tshaj plaws rau kev kho mob khaub thuas.
Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos los ntawm ib mus rau peb tee txhua kaum tsib feeb, cov menyuam yaus tom qab ib xyoos drip peb mus rau tsib tee. Cov tshuaj zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev phom sij, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev ntshai, tsis zoo li vasoconstrictor tee. Cov khw muag tshuaj muag ntau cov tshuaj ntsev, hauv daim ntawv tee thiab tshuaj tsuag.
Yooj yim heev los npaj cov tshuaj ntsev nrog koj ntawm txoj kev.
ntsev npaj moisten cov hnoos qeev hauv qhov ntswg, ua kom cov phlegm nyias, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem tshem tau yooj yim los ntawm tshuab lub qhov ntswg lossis nqus nrog lub tshuab nqus dej.
Daim npe ntawm cov dej qab ntsev npaj:
- Aqua Maris;
- "Ntsuab taub";
- "Tab sis ntsev";
- "Salin";
- Marimer;
- Humer.
Kev lag luam kws tshuaj tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab cov tshuaj tshiab tau tsim tawm tias, qhov tseeb, muaj cov dej ntsev hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, uas tuaj yeem ntxuav, moisturize thiab tiv thaiv cov hnoos qeev kom qhuav.
Oiled
Hauv kev kho mob khaub thuas, feem ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus, cov roj tee feem ntau siv. Cov roj tsim ib zaj duab xis tiv thaiv nyias ntawm cov mucous ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab nasopharynx, thiab yog li cov mucous membrane tsis qhuav tawm. Yog tias lub tsev kub, qhuav, lossis kub, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov roj tee.
Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los siv cov no ua ntej pw.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv tee peb zaug ib hnub, ib lossis ob tee hauv txhua qhov ntswg.
Yog tsis muaj roj tshwj xeeb ntawm tes, ces cov roj txiv roj, roj av jelly, thiab vitamin E thiab A hauv cov kua dej yog tsim rau cov hom phiaj no.
Nose oil list
Cov tshuaj no muaj muag:
- "Chlorofillipt 2%";
- "Pinosol";
- Menthol;
- "Eucasept";
- Vitaon;
- "Pinovit";
- txiv roj roj;
- peach oil;
- hiav txwv buckthorn roj.
Yog tias tom qab siv ntsev thiab roj npaj lub qhov ntswg tsis xav ua pa, ces nws yuav tsum tau siv vasoconstrictors, uas tau piav qhia saum toj no.
tshuaj sib xyaws
Lub khw muag tshuaj tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab ntau thiab ntau cov tshuaj tshiab tau tsim thiab tshwm sim ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj. Thiab tam sim no ntawm kev muag khoom koj tuaj yeem pom cov tshuaj xws li kev sib xyaw ntawm cov roj daws thiab cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor.
Kev npaj ua ke hauv daim ntawv sib xyaw ntawm vasoconstrictors thiab roj cov khoom tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub npe lag luam:
- "Nazol Ua Ntej" hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag.
- "Nazol Kids" hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag.
- "Dr. Theiss Nasal Spray".
- "Evkazolin" hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag.
Cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke hauv daim ntawv sib xyaw ntawm vasoconstrictor thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob:
- "Vibrocil" hauv daim ntawv tee, tshuaj tsuag thiab gel.
- "Sanorin-Analergin" hauv daim ntawv tee.
Thiab qhov piv txwv thib peb ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj vasoconstrictor thiab tus neeg sawv cev uas cuam tshuam rau viscosity ntawm cov hnoos qeev tau nthuav tawm hauv khw muag tshuaj raws li "Rinofluimuscil". Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm sinusitis, cov tshuaj no qhov ntswg yog zoo heev.
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ua ke no, cov kws kho mob muaj ntau lwm cov zaub mov pov thawj. Tom qab tag nrho, ua ntej ntau cov tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem yuav, uas yog, ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj raws li kws kho mob sau ntawv. Feem ntau, tib neeg tau txais kev tawm tswv yim zoo txog qhov ntswg qhov ntswg npaj los ntawm tus kws muag tshuaj. Tab sis kev vam meej tsis nyob twj ywm, thiab tam sim no muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau cov tee tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj.
Immunomodulating tshuaj
Nyob rau hauv 95% ntawm cov neeg mob, nws yog tus kab mob ua rau lub qhov ntswg los ntswg, thiab muaj cov tee uas tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob. Yog li, lawv nce kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab yog cov tshuaj immunomodulatory:
- Nco hauv qhov ntswg "Grippferon". Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nrog immunomodulatory zog. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj no yog interferon alfa-2b. Cov tshuaj yuav siv tau los tiv thaiv tus mob ua pa kab mob thaum lub sij hawm exacerbations, nws kuj yog siv rau kev kho mob. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau txawm tias cov menyuam yaus. Nws yog muag nyob rau hauv lub raj mis ntawm tsib thiab kaum milliliters thiab muagnyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov ntswg te. "Grippferon" qhov ntswg tee muaj kev tshuaj xyuas zoo.
- "Ingaron". Nws muaj interferon gamma. Cov tshuaj siv tau rau txhua theem ntawm tus kab mob.
- Nose drops "Interferon". Raws li lub npe no, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev muag tshuaj koj tuaj yeem yuav cov hmoov hauv ampoules, uas yog diluted nrog boiled dej. Xws li cov tee dej txhua ob teev, tsib tee hauv txhua lub qhov ntswg rau peb hnub. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv, interferon yog muab tsib tee ob zaug ib hnub twg. Npaj-ua tee nrog interferon hauv lub tsev muag tshuaj tuaj yeem yuav hauv cov npe lag luam: Nazoferon, Laferon Nasal. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag, kuj muaj cov tshuaj "Genferon Light" raws li interferon.
- "Euphorbium compositum" - yog hais txog cov tshuaj homeopathic uas pab kho thiab tiv thaiv tus mob khaub thuas.
- Dab hauv qhov ntswg "Derinat". Lwm cov tshuaj uas muaj kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov niam. Muaj anti-inflammatory, antiviral thiab immunomodulatory zog. Qhov ntswg dauv "Derinat" muaj cov tshuaj nquag sodium deoxyribonucleinate. Cov tshuaj activates lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tshuaj tua kab mob qhov ntswg
Qee zaum muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim thaum siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob raug cai. Cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob. Tshuaj tua kab mob qhov ntswg raug pom zoo thaum kuaj pom tus kab mob rhinitis.
Cov tshuaj no muaj, tab sis lawv muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tshuaj tsuag:
- Isofra;
- Polydex.
Tsov rau hauv qhov ntswg rau sinusitis
Sinusitis yog ib qho mob ntawm cov maxillary sinuses. Kev kho tus kab mob yuav tsumcoj tus kws kho mob, thiab kev noj tshuaj rau tus kheej hauv qhov no tsis pom zoo.
Txawm kom tshem tau cov kab mob sinusitis, siv txoj kev kho nyuaj, feem ntau suav nrog tshuaj tua kab mob, tso qhov ntswg, qhov ntswg lavage, qee zaum muaj kev sib tsoo kom cov kua paug tawm.
Tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist yuav pab kho qhov ntswg qhov ntswg, qhov tseem ceeb yog tsis txhob ntshai hu rau nws thiab ua raws li nws cov lus pom zoo ntawm qhov ntswg dauv siv rau qhov ntswg congestion. Cov npe tshuaj yog nthuav tawm hauv kab lus no rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm nkaus xwb. Ua ntej siv qhov no los yog qhov kev kho mob, koj yuav tsum koom tes nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
