Nyob rau hauv kev kho cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev mob thiab kev hloov hauv tib neeg lub siab lub ntsws, siv ntau pawg tshuaj hu ua psychotropic tshuaj. Ntxiv rau qee cov tshuaj, ntau yam tshuaj uas tuaj yeem hloov lub siab ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv thiab tsis siv tshuaj (cawv, tshuaj yeeb, tshuaj lom neeg) kuj muaj cov khoom puas hlwb.
Tshuaj Psychotropic: mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim
Txoj kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb muaj ntau haiv neeg. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj psychotropic ntawm lub impulse kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb neurons thiab kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub concentration ntawm tej yam tshuaj - neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, bradykinins, endorphins, thiab lwm yam), raws li zoo raws li cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov metabolism hauv ntau theem. lub hauv paus paj hlwb.
tshuaj mob hlwb: kev faib tawm
Zoo li txhua yam tshuaj, tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb tau muab faib ua ob peb pawg. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, tag nrho cov tshuaj narcotic thiab psychotropic muab faib ua:
- tshuaj uas txhawb nqa lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb (nootropics);
- tshuaj sedatives thiab tranquilizers;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kev nyuaj siab;
- Neuroleptics.
Nyob rau xyoo pua 20th, qee cov kws kho mob hlwb tau sim txheeb xyuas lwm pab pawg - psychedelics (nrog kev nco qab), tab sis tam sim no cov tshuaj no raug cais raws li hallucinogenic thiab tsis siv hauv kev kho mob (LSD, mescaline).
Cov tshuaj Psychotropic uas txhawb nqa lub hauv paus paj hlwb
pab pawg no yog siv rau cov kab mob uas nrog kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, xws li mob hlab ntsha tawg, kab mob encephalitis, kab mob metabolic. Cov no suav nrog Piracetam, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Ginkgo Biloba.
YSedatives thiab tranquilizers
Cov tshuaj no yog siv rau kev puas siab puas ntsws nrog rau kev ntxhov siab, nrog kev ntxhov siab ntau ntxiv (valerian, bromine ntsev, tshuaj "Phenobarbital" hauv koob me me). Tranquilizers muaj kev xaiv ntau dua ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsuas yog ntawm lub siab lub ntsws (tshuaj "Sibazon", benzodiazepines).
Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob
Cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem txo thiab theem cov tsos mob ntawm kev nyuaj siab (xav tias melancholy, hopelessness, apathy), uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lub hom phiaj vim li cas (kev cuam tshuam hauv lub neej, teeb meem hauv tsev) lossis kev puas siab puas ntsws (thaum pib ntawm tus mob schizophrenia.). Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj "Amitriptyline", "Glaucin", "Azafen","Duloxetine".
Neuroleptics
Tus neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm pab pawg ntawm cov tshuaj psychotropic no yog cov tshuaj "Aminazin", uas yog siv rau kev puas siab puas ntsws (delusions, pom thiab hnov lus xav, nce arousal) los txo cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov tshuaj no kuj siv los kho tus mob schizophrenia.
Yuav luag txhua cov tshuaj psychotropic yog cov tshuaj muaj zog thiab, yog siv tsis raug, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj thiab quav. Tias yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li raug cais raws li cov tshuaj ntawm kev lav phib xaub nruj thiab tsuas yog tso tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj. Nyeem hauv phau ntawv encyclopedia lossis nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj psychotropic, cov npe uas muaj rau txhua tus, koj tuaj yeem paub seb koj puas xav tau daim ntawv xaj yuav.
