mob qog noj ntshav yog ib yam kab mob txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem kho tau thaum ntxov. Nws tuaj qhov twg? Cov kws tshawb fawb twb tau txheeb xyuas ntau ntau qhov ua rau, thiab ntau pua tus tseem tsis tau pom dua. Ntawm qhov paub tseeb, qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws "culprit" ntawm tus kab mob yog ionized hluav taws xob. X-rays, hluav taws xob, tshav kub ntau dhau yog nws cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tab sis txawm tias cov neeg nyob deb ntawm nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, tsis nyiam sunbathing thiab tsis noj X-rays, tsis tiv thaiv kab mob cancer. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam khoom noj thiab cov khoom siv uas muaj ib lossis lwm yam khoom carcinogenic. Xav txog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.
Carcinogens thiab mutagens
Cov neeg niaj hnub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg nyob hauv cov chaw lag luam loj, nyob hauv ib puag ncig nyuaj, huab cua, dej thiab av uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg ntau.
Ntau ntawm lawv yog cov tuag taus, xws li cov carcinogens. Qhov no yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj uas provokes kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Lwm pawg ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qib DNA, uas ua rau muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj. Caij nplooj zeeg rau hnub Wednesday xws licarcinogens thiab mutagens los ntawm lub tsheb tso pa gases, los ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov pa roj ntawm cov lag luam, nrog cov pa luam yeeb los ntawm cov khib nyiab incineration ntawm qhov chaw pov tseg. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Hauv peb lub hnub nyoog thev naus laus zis, nws tsis zoo li tias koj yuav tuaj yeem cais koj tus kheej ntawm txhua yam teeb meem, tab sis koj tuaj yeem sim txo qis kev sib cuag nrog lawv.
Nitrates, Nitrites, Nitrosamines
Lo lus " txaus ntshai" lo lus "nitrates" yog paub rau yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus raws li ib tug haib carcinogen. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb raws li cov chiv xav tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov zaub cog qoob loo.
Tseem muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb. Nitrates ntawm lawv tus kheej tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai. Kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lawv tshwm sim vim hais tias, thaum lawv nkag mus rau peb lub cev, lawv hloov mus rau nitrosamines thiab nitrites. Cov no twb muaj tshuaj lom heev. Nitrites kuj tuaj yeem pom ntawm lawv tus kheej hauv cov khoom ntuj thiab ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam, xws li cov hnyuv ntxwm, muab cov xim "nqaij" rau lawv. Lawv raug xaiv E250. Nitrites muaj zog hemoglobin, ua rau nws lub peev xwm xa oxygen mus rau cov hlwb thiab tshem tawm carbon dioxide los ntawm lawv, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ua pa. Nitrosamines ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Koj tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus nitrate zoo li no:
- tsau zaub hauv dej ob peb teev;
- noob;
- blanch hauv dej kub;
- ntsev, pickle.
Khoom noj khoom haus ntxiv thiab lwm yam khoom noj muaj phom sij
Thaum yuav khoom noj, koj yuav tsum kawm txog lawv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg. Piv txwv li, additive E123, los yogamaranth tau lees paub tias yog cov kab mob carcinogen hauv Asmeskas thiab txwv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj.
Amaranth yog xim xim thiab siv tsis yog hauv cov zaub mov xwb, tab sis kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev lag luam tawv, textile thiab ntawv. Hauv qee lub tebchaws, xws li Askiv, tsis txwv.
Qhov thib ob ntxiv yog E121, lossis citrus liab. Cov hmoov daj-txiv kab ntxwv no kuj tau lees paub tias yog cov carcinogen. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws yog txwv tsis pub siv. Carcinogenic tshuaj kuj muaj xws li ib hom pwm tshwj xeeb uas tsim aflatoxins. Lawv raug lees paub tias yog "cov thawj coj" hauv carcinogenicity, ua rau mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau. Lawv nyob ntawm cov khoom noj pwm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txiv laum huab xeeb, cov noob taub dag, thiab tshuaj yej stale. Lawv kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj ntawm cov tsiaj uas pub rau "mob" zaub mov. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev kho cua sov tsis tua cov nceb no. Lwm yam khoom txaus ntshai uas peb feem ntau ntsib yog peroxides. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov roj rancid (xws li butter) thiab cov roj ua noj rov qab siv tau.
YBenzopyrene
Cov kab mob no ua rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg, thiab paub tias yog mutagens muaj zog. Lawv yog cov txaus ntshai txawm nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj. Lawv muaj ib lub peev xwm tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub cev, hauv dej, hauv txhua yam, thiab tseem tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib yam mus rau lwm qhov yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lawv tus kheej.
Vim li ntawd, ntau yam khoom ib puag ncig uas "huv" kuj ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Nkag mus rau hauv lub cevbenzapyrene tuaj yeem noj nrog ua pa thiab zaub mov (tus qauv yog 1 mcg ib kg ntawm cov khoom rau cov neeg laus thiab 0.2 mcg rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov laus). Nws qhov chaw:
- luam yeeb (txhua ib thooj yog 0.09 mgc/kg);
- tsheb emissions;
- pa taws los ntawm roj combustion;
- cereals;
- rog;
- edible oils;
- smoked ntses;
- tsaus chocolate (0.08 txog 0.6 mcg/kg);
- kas fes;
- nqaij kib hnyav heev (grilled meat).
Cov kab mob hauv huab cua
Huab cua nyob ib puag ncig peb muaj ntau yam khoom uas cuam tshuam rau tib neeg. Benzene yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj plaws. Nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv roj av, siv rau zus tau tej cov yas, roj hmab, tshuaj, dyes. Kev nqus pa ntawm nws cov vapors ua rau lom thiab tuaj yeem ua rau leukemia. Dioxins tsis zoo li paub, tab sis tseem txaus ntshai. Cov carcinogens no ua rau kev loj hlob txawv txav ntawm lub embryo, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob (tshuaj AIDS), mob qog noj ntshav, thiab kev hloov ntawm noob. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov, huab cua, los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nrog rau cov kua mis thiab los ntawm cov placenta. Qee cov tshuaj phem heev raug tso tawm rau saum huab cua thaum hlawv cov khib nyiab, thee, cov khoom noj pov tseg, haus luam yeeb, thiab cov pa pa tawm. Benzathracene yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Cov kab mob carcinogen no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam kev lag luam, qhov chaw ua haujlwm chimneys haus luam yeeb ib ncig ntawm lub moos. Nws nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tsis yog tsuas yog thaum ua pa, tab sis kuj los ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tuaj yeem ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, ntsws, thiab plab hnyuv. Nws cov khoom oxidation yog 100 npaug ntau carcinogenic dua li benzene.
khoom phom sij ntawm lub neej txhua hnub
Nyob hauv lub neej txhua hnub, peb kuj nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm mutagenic thiab carcinogenic tshuaj. Ntau tus neeg paub txog formaldehyde. Nws muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, yog li ntawd nws yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj (piv txwv li, Formagel tshuaj) thiab cosmetology ua ib feem ntawm qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov khoom siv tu cev. Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, formaldehyde yog siv los ua kom lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom thiab hu ua E240. Formalin (formaldehyde tov) nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom, thiab ib koob tshuaj ntawm 60 g yog suav tias yog kev tuag. Nws cov carcinogenicity rau tsiaj tau raug pov thawj kiag li. Qhov cuam tshuam rau tus neeg tau raug teev tseg.
Qhov thib ob hom carcinogen yog vinyl chloride. Nws yog siv rau kev tsim cov yas, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj vinyl, linoleum thiab ib pawg ntawm lwm yam tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyog. Kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lawv rau kev noj qab haus huv tseem tau teev tseg, txawm hais tias nws paub tseeb tias vinyl wallpaper pab tsim cov kab mob ntawm cov phab ntsa. Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv yas tshwj xeeb yog teeb meem tshwj xeeb thaum cua sov thiab kub hnyiab, vim hais tias tom qab ntawd cov dioxins tau hais los saum toj no raug tso tawm rau saum huab cua.
Thiab thaum kawg, asbestos. Nws ntau yam ntawm chrysotile yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov kav dej, daim hlau, tshav kub insulators, ru tsev, phab ntsa panels, cib, mastic thiab lwm yam. Cov carcinogenicity ntawm asbestos rau tib neeg tau raug pov thawj tag nrho, yog li nws txwv tsis pub siv ntau lub tebchaws.
