Nws ntseeg tias txhua tus neeg yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav rau cov roj cholesterol ib ntus. Tom qab tau txais kev xa mus, tus neeg mob ntawm polyclinic yuav pom cov lus tsis paub "lipidogram" hauv nws. Txoj kev tshawb no yog dab tsi, nws ua li cas? Vim li cas qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no ua tiav?
Kev txiav txim siab cov ntshav lipid profile muab tus kws kho mob cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas tus neeg mob tus mob, chav kawm lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim siab, raum, kab mob plawv, cov txheej txheem autoimmune. Tsuas yog kev kuaj ntshav rau cov roj cholesterol lossis tag nrho cov roj cholesterol tsis yog qhov qhia tau zoo thiab tsuas yog siv tau rau hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas lossis ntsuas kev kho mob.
ntshav lipids yog dab tsi?
Cov rog uas twb muaj lawm lossis muab khoom noj yog xav tau los ntawm lub cev rau lub zog metabolism, tsim cov cell membranes, synthesis ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
Cov roj (cholesterol) thiab triglycerides raug txiav txim siab hauv cov ntshav.
Hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, lipids hauv cov ntshav tsis tuaj yeem ua tau. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, qhov irreparable tuaj yeem tshwm sim - rog embolism (lossis blockage) ntawm lub nkoj nrog tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig.kev tshwm sim.
Yog li ntawd, hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov rog nyob thiab thauj mus los ua ib feem ntawm lipoproteins - tsim cov protein uas txuas nrog cov rog. Qhov piv ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov pauv, qhov no muaj qhov ntsuas tus nqi, thiab nws yuav pom los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm lipid profile.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau?
Yuav kom cov txiaj ntsig tau ntseeg tau, ua ntej kuaj ntshav mus rau chav kuaj biochemical, koj yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov cai yooj yim. Cov ntshav raug coj los ntawm cov hlab ntsha nruj nruj ntawm lub plab khoob, tsis pub tsawg dua 12 teev tom qab noj mov, feem ntau yog thaum sawv ntxov.
Vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb? Qhov tseeb yog tias tom qab noj mov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rog, cov ntshav ntshav ua turbid (chylous). Qhov no ua rau kev tsom xam nyuaj. Tab sis qhov no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog qee yam kab mob hnyav. Yog li, txhawm rau kuaj xyuas kom raug, tus kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum paub tseeb tias tus neeg mob tau ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom kuaj ntshav sai.
Kev Tshawb Fawb
Tam sim no, cov txheej txheem enzymatic los txiav txim siab cov ntshav lipids yog cov tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb xaiv reagents ua rau cov xim ntawm cov qauv, uas kho cov cuab yeej. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov roj lipoprotein ntau ntom ntom yog ua tiav hauv ob peb theem; rau nws, ntshav cov ntshav yog precipitated thiab centrifuged.
Cov tshuaj ntsuam biochemical niaj hnub raug nqi tsawg kawg ntawm cov ntshav ntshav thiab cov tshuaj reagents. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, lawv ua cov kev tshawb fawb loj, tau txaiscov txiaj ntsig raug.
Cov txheej txheem yav dhau los siv cov kua qaub rau kev txiav txim siab cov roj cholesterol tsis zoo rau tus kws kuaj mob thiab xav tau ntau cov tshuaj phom sij txaus ntshai.
Indicators
Lipidogram - yog dab tsi? Nws nthuav tawm ntau qhov ntsuas tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav thiab ntsuas qhov ntsuas:
- tag nrho cov roj (TC);
- siab ceev lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol lossis HDL);
- tsawg lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol lossis LDL);
- triglycerides (TG);- coefficient ntawm atherogenicity (CA lossis AI).
Cov roj (cholesterol) thiab triglycerides raug ntsuas hauv mmol/l.
Tus atherogenic coefficient tsuas yog suav cov lej uas qhia tias pes tsawg zaus LDL cov roj cholesterol ntau dua li HDL cholesterol.
VLDL cov roj cholesterol tau txiav txim siab hauv qee qhov chaw sim.
Ntau tus nqi
Puas kuaj ntshav (lipidogram) ua tiav? Lub decryption yog raws li nram no:
- Rau tag nrho cov roj cholesterol, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus nqi yog los ntawm 3.5 mus rau 5.2 mmol / l, theem ntawm 6.2 mmol / l yog siab. - HDL cholesterol yuav tsum ntau dua 1.4 mmol / l. Tus nqi qis dua 1.0 mmol / L yog suav tias yog qhov tsis zoo.
Yog tias koj rho tawm ntawm tag nrho HDL cov roj cholesterol, koj tau txais qib LDL cholesterol. Nws suav tias yog "tsis zoo", nws qib yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 4.0 mmol / l.
Lipidogram - yog dab tsi? Ua tsaug rau qhov kev tshawb fawb no, tus nqi ntawm cov ntshav triglycerides raug tsim. Nws yog derivative ntawm glycerol thiab fattyacids yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog tau los ntawm kev noj cov rog. Nws khaws cia los ntawm lub cev hauv cov hlwb rog.
Cov qauv hauv cov ntshav suav tias yog qis dua 1.5 mmol / l. Nws ntseeg tias daim duab no nce nrog hnub nyoog. Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov tshwm sim saum toj no 2.3 mmol / l tsis tuaj yeem hu ua qhov zoo. Nws kuj tseem tshwm sim hauv lipid profile.
Tus qauv ntawm atherogenic index yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 2.6 txog 3.5. Yog tias tsawg dua, zoo dua. Tus nqi siab dua 3.5 tshwm sim nrog cov teeb meem lipid metabolism.
Atherogenic index
Lipidogram - yog dab tsi? Qhov Performance index, lossis coefficient ntawm atherogenicity, yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, qhia qhov piv ntawm "phem" thiab "zoo" cholesterol hauv cov ntshav.
txhawm rau xam nws, koj yuav tsum faib qhov sib txawv ntawm tag nrho cov roj (cholesterol) thiab HDL cholesterol los ntawm tus nqi ntawm HDL cholesterol. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm LDL cov roj cholesterol, uas yog, faib ib qho los ntawm lwm tus, peb pom pes tsawg zaus "phem" cholesterol ntau dua "zoo":
KA=TC - HDL-C / HDL-C, lossis KA=LDL-C / HDL-C
Piv txwv li, yog tias tag nrho cov roj cholesterol yog 6.0 mM / l, HDL cholesterol yog 2.0 mM / l, KA=2. Qhov no yog qhov qhia tau zoo.
Thiab yog tias tag nrho cov roj cholesterol tseem yog 6.0 mM / l, thiab HDL cholesterol yog 1.0 mM / l, ces KA=5. Nrog rau qhov txiaj ntsig no, peb tuaj yeem tham txog kab mob.
Yog li, yog tias HDL cov roj cholesterol nce siab, atherogenic coefficient, feem, qis dua. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov qib ntawm tsis tsuas yog tag nrho cov cholesterol. Nrog rau qhov ntsuas tib yam, lub cev tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm atherosclerosis.
"Zoo" lossis "zoo"?
Qhov tseeb, cov roj (cholesterol) tsis yog "phem" lossis "zoo". Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev ntawm lub neej ntawm lub cev. Cov tshuaj hormones, suav nrog kev sib deev, paj hlwb thiab paj hlwb, cell membranes, tsim cov kua tsib acids - txhua qhov chaw nws xav tau. Txhua lub cell ntawm cov kab mob muaj sia muaj ob txheej ntawm cov roj cholesterol molecules.
Qhov ntawd yog, lub zog ntawm cov hlab ntsha, kev zoo nkauj, kev txawj ntse, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev zom zaub mov, kev loj hlob, thiab lub neej feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov muaj thiab cov metabolism hauv cov roj cholesterol. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj mob hnyav.
Cov roj (cholesterol) yog tsim los ntawm 80% hauv lub cev, qhov seem yog los ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus tawm tswv yim ua haujlwm: synthesis txo qis nrog kev txaus siab ntawm cov cholesterol los ntawm sab nraud, thiab rov ua dua. Qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej tau npaj tseg, vim tias ib tus neeg tsis tas yuav muaj lub tub yees tag nrho ntawm cov zaub mov thiab cov khoom lag luam ntau uas ua los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab hmoov dawb ntawm nws qhov pov tseg.
Ntxhais lus tseeb
Cov kws tshaj lij tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, ntxiv rau ntau lwm qhov ntsuas, lipid profile ntawm cov neeg hauv paus txawm nyob hauv Western Siberia (Khanty, Mansi) tau txiav txim siab.
Kev ntsuas tau ua qhov muag tsis pom, tsuas yog cov lej ntsuas ntshav tau ntim rau hauv lub ntsuas ntsuas.
Tom qab tshuaj xyuas ntau dua 400 tus qauv, cov txiaj ntsig tau muab faib ua peb pawg:
- thawj (loj tshaj) muaj ib txwm (txog 5.0) tag nrho cov roj cholesterol, siab (txog 3.0) HDL cholesterol, triglycerides qis dua 1,0 mL / L;
- pab pawg thib ob muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov roj cholesterol thiab triglycerides tsawg;
- nyob rau hauv peb (kwv yees li 30 tus neeg nyob rau hauv tag nrho), qib ntawm tag nrho cov roj cholesterol thiab triglycerides tau nce siab, HDL cholesterol tau qis.
Cov atherogenic coefficient hauv pawg kawg yog 5, 8, thiab txawm 10!
Cov lus teb yog qhov no:
- thawj pab pawg muaj cov neeg laus cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb ntawm thaj av Tyumen;
- pab pawg thib ob - lawv cov menyuam, nrog rau cov neeg mob tuberculosis;
- nyob rau hauv peb, feem ntau "rog" pab pawg yog … cov thawj coj ntawm lub zos nyob rau hauv uas txoj kev tshawb no tau ua!
Reindeer breeders ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm Siberia noj ntses, nqaij, tsiaj qus. Tau kawg, lawv kuj tau txais cov suab thaj thiab hmoov nplej, tab sis kev ua neej nyob hauv lub cev hnyav tsis tso cai rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm kev vam meej xws li ntshav qab zib, atherosclerosis, thiab rog.
Yog qhov teeb meem dab tsi?
Vim li cas cov roj cholesterol siab txaus ntshai thiab hu ua "phem"? Nws tsis yog cov roj cholesterol nws tus kheej, tab sis qhov piv nrog qhov loj ntawm cov protein uas thauj nws hauv cov ntshav.
Ntawd yog, yog tias cov roj (cholesterol) ntau hauv cov ntshav muaj nyob hauv cov lipoproteins ntau ntom ntom nrog cov protein ntau (HDL cholesterol siab), qhov no yog qhov zoo. Tab sis nrog qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov protein hauv cov zaub mov, nrog rau ntau dhau ntawm cov carbohydrates yooj yim hauv nws, insulin metabolism cuam tshuam. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim cov lipoproteins tsawg-density (LDL) hauv cov ntshav, uas yooj yim nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lo rau lawv cov phab ntsa.
Atherosclerotic plaques tau tsim, cov hlab ntsha nqaim thiab ua rau mob, lawv cov kev hloov pauv hloov. Yog li ntawd, atherosclerosis, kub siab tshwm sim, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob stroke, plawv nres. Yog li, LDL roj cholesterol yog suav tias yog "tsis zoo". Raws li koj tau pom, lub ntsiab lus no tsis yog qhov teeb meem kiag li.
Chlesterol hauv HDL, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog nquag thauj, ntxuav cov hlab ntsha, yog li nws hu ua "zoo".
Lwm yam
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub npe hloov pauv cov roj (cholesterol) yog suav tias yog "tsis zoo", uas yog, hloov pauv raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov teeb meem tsis zoo: hluav taws xob, insolation, tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm lub tsev thiab kev lag luam: haus luam yeeb, nqus cov kuab tshuaj organic., chlorine tebchaw, tshuaj tua kab, thiab lwm yam.
Muab lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj cholesterol thiab fatty acids rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, nws yooj yim to taub tias vim li cas kev hloov pauv hauv lawv cov qauv tshuaj tsis zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov no yuav piav qhia txog theem siab ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab kab mob oncological, hormonal ntshawv siab, infertility nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsis zoo los yog muaj tus cwj pwm phem.
Hauv qhov no, kev sib raug zoo ncaj qha ua haujlwm - qhov siab dua cov roj cholesterol thiab tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg adipose hauv lub cev, qhov pheej hmoo kis mob ntau dua.
Teeb meem nrog lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism feem ntau cuam tshuam rau hauv cov kab mob hu ua kev ua neej tsis raug:
- obese;
- mob ntshav qab zib hom 2;
- siab.
Kev txav mus los tsawg, kev noj ntau dhau ntawm cov rog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov "tsis raug", thiab cov carbohydrates yooj yim ua rau tus mob no.
Tsis tas yuav nrhiav tshuaj kho kom zoo. Yog li nrov thiab dav tshaj tawm statins tsis txhim kho lub neej zoo. Thiab cov npe ntawm contraindications thiab phiv yog yooj yim piav qhia. Cov ntsiav tshuaj tsis saib xyuas qhov twg kom yaj cov roj cholesterol - tsis yog hauv cov ntshav xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm lub raum tubules lossis cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlab ntsha, piv txwv li.
khoom noj kom raug yuav ua tau zoo dua, uas suav nrog txo cov khoom noj uas muaj suab thaj, hmoov txhuv nplej siab, hmoov nplej dawb, roj refined, tsiaj rog.
Margarine thiab xibtes roj yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm tag nrho. Nqaij, qe, butter thiab lard tuaj yeem noj tau, tab sis tsis raug tsim txom. Zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, buckwheat thiab oatmeal, bran, nqaij nruab deg, txiv ntseej, ntses, txias-pressed zaub roj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ib txwm lipid metabolism.
Qhov twg mus kuaj?
Tom qab muaj hnub nyoog nees nkaum xyoo, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas seb cov lipid spectrum tsawg kawg ib zaug txhua tsib xyoos. Thiab tom qab plaub caug nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua nws txhua xyoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj cov caj ces predisposition. Koj tuaj yeem pom koj li lipid profile hauv yuav luag txhua lub tsev kho mob hauv nroog.
Ib tug neeg mus ntsib kws kho mob nrog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm cov kab mob plawv, siab, raum, ntshav siab yuav raug kuaj ntshav biochemical, suav nrog lipid profile.
Tus nqi ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam yuav txaus siab rau tus neeg mob yog tias nwssiv rau lub tsev kho mob them nyiaj lossis xav paub qhov tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kws kho mob xa mus. Feem ntau txoj kev kawm no yog ua dawb xwb, ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev tuav pov hwm kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov chaw kho mob ntiag tug tau teeb tsa lawv tus kheej tus nqi, uas pib ntawm 500 rubles. Rau tag nrho cov lipid spectrum thiab los ntawm 200 rubles. rau ib qho kev tshuaj ntsuam.
