Ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev ua rau electrolyte tsis txaus. Raws li koj paub, muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov ntshav thiab lwm cov ntaub so ntswg lom. Lawv tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ua tiav ntawm qib cellular.
Electrolytes suav nrog ntau cov tshuaj hauv lub sijhawm teem sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog: sodium, potassium, magnesium thiab calcium. Ob qho tib si cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm cov tshuaj no thiab lawv qhov ntau dhau yog txaus ntshai rau lub cev. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem yog hypermagnesemia. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no feem ntau yog hais, yog li yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawm electrolytes.
YHypermagnesemia yog dab tsi?
Tus mob yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov ntshav. Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov zaus ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm electrolyte imbalance tsis nyob ntawm poj niam txiv neej. Magnesium yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, xws linws koom nrog hauv kev hloov pauv biochemical ntawm nucleic acids uas muaj cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm lub cev hlwb. Nws kuj tseem yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm enzymatic.
Cov qib magnesium hauv cov hlab ntsha li ntawm 1.7 txog 2.3 mg / dl. Cov ntsiab lus no zoo sib xws nrog lwm cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb yog calcium thiab potassium. Yog li ntawd, kev sib xyaw electrolyte cuam tshuam ntau dua. Piv txwv li, hyperkalemia thiab hypermagnesemia. Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov tsis txaus no suav nrog cov teeb meem plawv thiab paj hlwb.
Ua rau hypermagnesemia
Magnesium, zoo li lwm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub sijhawm lub sijhawm, yog qhov tsim nyog hauv lub cev kom tswj tau qhov sib npaug ntawm electrolyte. Nws yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, feem ntau ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha. Cov khoom no nkag mus rau hauv lub cev nrog zaub mov. Yog li, lub ntsiab ua rau ntau tshaj magnesium yog:
- noj ntau dhau ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj cov ntxhia no.
- Impaired excretion ntawm electrolyte ntawm lub cev los ntawm ob lub raum.
Ntxiv rau, magnesium metabolism yog txuam nrog lwm yam paub, suav nrog calcium thiab lithium. Yog li, qhov nce hauv lawv cov concentration hauv cov ntshav ua rau muaj qhov nce hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Mg. Cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau hypermagnesemia yog:
- Kab mob urinary system, nrog rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm ntev.
- Txo cov thyroid hormone ntau ntau -hypothyroidism.
- Siv cov tshuaj muaj magnesium lossis lithium.
- Hypercalcemia.
- Pathology ntawm cov qog adrenal, tshwj xeeb yog Addison tus kab mob.
- Mis-alkaline syndrome, tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv biochemical metabolism.
Cov tshuaj uas muaj magnesium suav nrog cov tshuaj proton twj tso kua mis rau kev kho mob gastritis thiab peptic ulcers. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntxhia no muaj nyob rau hauv laxatives. Lwm cov tshuaj yog cov paub zoo magnesium sulfate, uas yog siv los txo cov ntshav siab thaum cev xeeb tub.
Mechanism ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov teeb meem electrolyte
Magnesium nkag mus rau hauv lub cev txhua hnub nrog zaub mov. Nws concentration nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yog negligible, vim hais tias feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub intracellular qhov chaw. Lub raum yog lub luag haujlwm rau excretion ntawm magnesium. Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov zis, plasma yog lim thiab electrolytes tau tswj hwm hauv cov ntshav raws li qhov xav tau. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, cov tshuaj lom neeg tau khaws cia hauv lub cev, ua rau hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, tshaj calcium thiab sodium.
Ntau cov ntxhia tau lim. Nws yog kwv yees li 70%. Qhov seem ntawm magnesium yog txuam nrog cov ntshav proteins thiab yog lub luag hauj lwm rau electrolyte metabolism. Ntxiv nrog rau cov kab mob hauv lub raum, qhov nce hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntxhia hauv cov ntshav ua rau nws noj ntau dhau nrog zaub mov lossis raws likev kho mob txhais tau tias. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov magnesium ntau dhau yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, tom kawg tsis tas yuav tiv nrog qhov no.
Hypermagnesemia: Cov tsos mob ntawm pathology
Daim duab kho mob uas muaj ntau tshaj ntawm magnesium tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm lossis hais tau (nrog qhov nce siab ntawm qib electrolyte hauv cov ntshav). Hauv thawj kis, muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab tsis muaj zog. Cov neeg mob yws ntawm qhov qaug zog tas li, tsis muaj zog. Cov mob no yog txuam nrog vasodilation thiab txo cov ntshav siab. Yog tias qhov nyiaj tshuav tsis rov qab los rau lub sijhawm, tus mob hnyav dua. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob hauv qab no ntawm hypermagnesemia tau sau tseg:
- Cov leeg nqaij hypotonia, mus txog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab tsis nco qab.
- Paralysis.
- Ntaus thiab mob taub hau.
- Vim.
- ua txhaum ntawm kev ua pa thiab lub plawv dhia.
Cov qib magnesium hauv cov hlab ntshav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob lub neej. Ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv lub concentration ntawm cov tshuaj no ua rau irreversible txim rau ib feem ntawm lub plawv thiab lub paj hlwb. Hauv qhov no, cov tsos mob ntawm hypermagnesemia muaj xws li bradycardia, ua pa nyuaj, thiab coma. Yuav tsum tau mus kho mob tam sim ntawd kom tsis txhob mob plawv.
Pathologies nrog hypermagnesemia
Cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem nrog hypermagnesemia muaj xws li pathologies ntawm ob lub raum thiab cov qog adrenal. Hauv thawj kis, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm electrolyte imbalance yog khaws cia ntawm cov ntxhia hauv lub cev. Ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias magnesium los ntawm cov khoom noj,nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm lub cev hauv cov zis. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov tsos mob ntawm electrolyte cuam tshuam loj tuaj, uas yog me me thaum xub thawj thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav.
Hypermagnesemia yog nrog los ntawm kev mob xws li Addison tus kab mob. Qhov no pathology yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones adrenal tsis txaus. Lwm qhov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho cov cim qhia ntawm hypermagnesemia tuaj yeem yog kab mob ntawm txoj hnyuv. Nrog rau kev tso tawm ntau ntxiv ntawm hydrochloric acid, antacids tau sau tseg, uas yog proton twj tso kua mis inhibitors. Cov tshuaj zoo li no muaj magnesium, yog li ntawd, nrog rau lawv qhov kev siv tas li, theem ntawm cov khoom no hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, txawm tias muaj kev tso tawm ib txwm.
Kev kuaj mob rau electrolyte imbalance
txhawm rau kuaj pom hypermagnesemia, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav biochemical rau electrolytes. Kev ua txhaum cai raug lees paub yog tias qib ntxhia ntau dua 2.3 mg / dL lossis 1.05 mmol / L. Ntxiv nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm tus yam ntxwv thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv chav kuaj, kev hloov pauv hauv ECG tau sau tseg. Yog tias qib magnesium nce mus txog 5 mmol / l, cov cim hypotension thiab ploj ntawm cov leeg reflexes raug sau tseg. Qhov sib sib zog nqus electrolyte tsis txaus ua rau coma thiab mob plawv.
Y Hypermagnesemia: cov tsos mob, kev kho mob ntawm pathology
Ntau yam infusions yuav tsum tau txo qis magnesium concentration. Cov tshuaj saline yuav pab kom cov ntshav dilute. Kuj khohypermagnesemia cuam tshuam nws cov tsos mob. Rau lub hom phiaj no, cov tshuaj "Calcium gluconate" yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li ntawm 10-20 ml intravenously. Txhawm rau kom magnesium raug tso tawm sai dua, cov tshuaj diuretics tau sau tseg, feem ntau cov tshuaj "Furosemide". Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, kev pom cov ntshav plasma yog qhia - hemodialysis.
Tiv thaiv cov kab mob electrolyte
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv hypermagnesemia hauv cov neeg mob uas lub raum tsis ua haujlwm ntev, nws raug nquahu kom pub ntshav rau electrolytes ib ntus. Tsis tas li, cov neeg mob yuav tsum ua raws li kev noj zaub mov tshwj xeeb thiab kho cov kab mob hauv qab.
