Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg-lub caij ntuj no, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntau ntxiv, vim tias lub sijhawm no muaj kev nyiam los txo kev tiv thaiv. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem tsom rau kev tiv thaiv nws tau qhib rau hauv lub cev. Cov palatine tonsils, uas tseem hu ua tonsils, yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws yog lub cev no uas yog thawj qhov cuam tshuam rau microbes nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Yog li dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm palatine tonsils rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv?
txhais cov tonsils thiab lawv cov qauv
Palatine tonsils yog ib qho oval-puab sib sau ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav lymphoid, uas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub nplhaib ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub pharynx thiab qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Ntawm no, kev tsim cov lymphocytes thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim, uas txiav txim siab lawv lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv. Cov hlwb no tiv thaiv cov kab mob pathogenic thiab lwm yam kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Yog hais tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj peev xwm tiv tau cov kab mob onslaught, tus neeg yuav tsis mob. Tab sis yog hais tias tus kab mob microbial muaj zog heev, thiab kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog txaus,o ntawm palatine tonsils.
Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam mos thiab menyuam mos, cov tonsils yuav luag pom. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob pib me ntsis tom qab, thaum lub cev xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntxiv - nrog rau kev taug kev ntau zaus, mus ntsib kindergarten thiab chaw ua si. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev loj hlob ntawm tonsils raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev mob khaub thuas, uas yog, thaum kis kab mob hauv lub cev nce. Cov palatine tonsils hauv cov menyuam yaus ua rau mob ntau dua li cov neeg laus.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tonsils
Tam sim no, cov haujlwm hauv qab no tau ua los ntawm tonsils:
- Tiv thaiv. Microbes, nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev los ntawm huab cua los yog twb tau nyob rau hauv nws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntev lub sij hawm ntawm tus kab mob (piv txwv li, caries los yog tonsillitis), ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov tau ntsib nrog cov tonsils, uas ua rau lawv puas los yog ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj. Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev kom nco qab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog cov kab mob pathogenic thiab xa mus rau lwm lub tshuab koom nrog hauv kev tsim kev tiv thaiv.
- Suab. Cov palatine tonsils tseem koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov neeg hais lus, nrog rau cov hniav thiab tus nplaig. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tonsils muab lub suab ib qho timbre thiab lub suab ntawm kev hais lus. Cov neeg uas nws cov dej num cuam tshuam nrog lub suab apparatus yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yog hais tias cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm tshem tawm lub cev.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum lub palatine tonsils tsis tiv nrog tus kab mob, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub cev nws tus kheej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev tiv thaiv qis dua, thiab cov tonsils dhau los ua qhov chaw yug me nyuam rau cov kab mob pathogenic uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub siab.
Yog vim li caskab mob ntawm tonsils
Yeej, cov kab mob ntawm palatine tonsils yog provoked los ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic, uas, nrog txo kev tiv thaiv, sib ntxiv sai heev. Ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntawm tonsils:
- kis kab mob - cov kab mob ua rau SARS, herpes, adenovirus;
- kab mob kab mob, feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm streptococcus;
- kab mob fungal;
- chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma;
- scarlet fever, syphilis;
- kab mob tsis sib kis - kab mob hluav taws xob, leukemia;
- Kev puas tsuaj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau, xws li raug tus pob txha ntses.
Cov laj thawj rau kev txhim kho ntawm qhov mob tuaj yeem yog:
- yuav haus dej txias;
- smoking;
- hypothermia;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- ua pa cua txias hauv qhov ncauj.
Ntau yam mob thiab kab mob
Txij li thaum cov kab mob pathogenic nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, cov tonsils yog ib qho ntawm thawj zaug pib tawm tsam lawv, nrog rau cov lus teb tsis txaus ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev nws tus kheej tuaj yeem raug rau ntau yam kab mob. Cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws ntawm palatine tonsils yog:
- mob ntawm tonsils - tonsillitis (qee zaus hu ua mob tonsillitis);
- mob tonsillitis;
- hypertrophy (nce);
- plug hauv tonsils;
- kev loj hlob zoo lossis phem.
Angina
Angina yog cov txheej txheem mob hnyav hauv cov tonsils, uas muaj cov kab mobqhov xwm txheej tshwm sim. Cov kab mob no provokes streptococcus. Raws li txoj cai, muaj ob sab lesion ntawm lub cev. Nrog angina, kev kho mob raws sij hawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim tias cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.
Tshuaj mob caj pas
Hauv tshuaj, muaj ntau hom tonsillitis, feem ntau yog cov hauv qab no:
- Catarrhal. Ib hom mob me me ntawm tus kab mob, uas muaj qhov txhab ntawm lub palatine tonsils. Cov tsos mob yuav mob caj pas, o me ntsis, mob thaum nqos thiab so yog qhov tsawg los yog tsis tuaj.
- Follicular. Cov tsos mob ntawm hom angina no yog qhov qhia tau zoo heev. Muaj kub taub hau, mob caj pas hnyav, uas tuaj yeem tawg mus rau pob ntseg, tsis muaj zog, tsis qab los noj mov, mob qog nqaij hlav. Muaj ib tug dav intoxication ntawm lub cev. Qee zaum muaj mob hauv cov ceg thiab sab nraub qaum. Cov menyuam yaus yuav ntuav thiab raws plab. Ib qho tshwj xeeb yog cov tsos ntawm pustules ntawm cov tonsils.
- Lacunar daim ntawv ntawm qhov mob. Qhov no yog hom mob angina, uas muaj cov paug paug hauv lub lacunae ntawm tonsils. Vim yog qhov mob hnyav ntawm cov tonsils, muaj qhov ntxhib, thiab qee zaum ua tiav lub suab.
- Fibrinous mob. Manifested los ntawm ib tug tas mus li txheej ntawm cov kua paug nyob rau tag nrho cov saum npoo ntawm tonsils. Tsis kho, daim ntawv no tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb puas.
- Phlegmonous o yog hom mob caj pas tsawg tshaj plaws. Nws yog manifested los ntawm mob nyob rau hauv lub caj pas, hais lus slurred, o lymph nodes, ib tug unpleasant tsw los ntawmqhov ncauj, cuam tshuam pw tsaug zog thiab qab los noj mov, kub taub hau, tsis muaj zog. Qhov peculiarity yog cov kua paug nyob ib ncig ntawm ib sab ntawm tonsils.
mob tonsillitis
Nov yog ib yam kab mob insidious uas cov txheej txheem inflammatory tsis tu ncua tshwm sim hauv cov tonsils. Raws li txoj cai, qhov xwm txheej zoo li no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob caj pas tsis kho, yog li qhov mob tsis tu ncua hauv lub cev, thiab cov txheej txheem kho tau qeeb. Ntxiv mus, purulent plugs ntawm cov tonsils kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm remission. Daim ntawv no ntawm tus kab mob no yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej rau lub sij hawm ntev, aggravating tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm provoking yam - ib tug txo nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv, hypothermia, thaum tej yam kev mob hloov. Exacerbation ntawm cov tsos mob nyob rau hauv cov mob tonsillitis tshwm sim ob peb zaug hauv ib xyoos, nws tag nrho yog nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob tonsillitis ntev
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tonsillitis yog raws li hauv qab no:
- nce palatine tonsils;
- o hauv caj pas;
- xoo tonsils;
- tseem tsw phem;
- muaj kua paug ntawm cov tonsils.
- ua npaws thiab mob caj pas yeej tsis pom tseeb txaus.
Tonsil plugs
Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub npe plugs - deposits ntawm calcified teeb meem uas accumulates nyob rau hauv lub recesses ntawm lub tonsils - yog pom nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob tonsillitis thiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsis coj qhov tsis xis nyob, tab sis qee zaum lawv tshwm sim los ntawm qhov mob thaum nqos.thiab ua tsis taus pa. Cov plugs zoo li no yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm hauv tsev kho mob.
Hypertrophy ntawm tonsils
Hypertrophy ntawm palatine tonsils yog lawv cov kab mob nce ntxiv yam tsis muaj kev koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Cov laj thawj rau qhov no pathology tseem tsis tau nkag siab tag nrho. Nws tau xav tias kev mob khaub thuas tsis tu ncua, txo kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kab mob endocrine thiab kab mob ua pa sab saud, kev tsis haum tshuaj thiab ib puag ncig tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau tus mob no. Feem ntau, hypertrophy ntawm palatine tonsils raug kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 5-15.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yuav yog:
- o thiab softness ntawm tonsils;
- ua tsis taus pa;
- snoring;
- suab hloov;
- caj pas tsis xis nyob.
x
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, vim qhov no yuav qhia tau tias muaj kab mob fungal, kab mob lossis qog.
Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm peb qib ntawm hypertrophy ntawm palatine tonsils, nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob qhov twg hauv lub xeev loj:
- 1 degree - lub tonsil nyob ib feem peb ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub pharynx thiab ntug ntawm lub palatine sab hauv.
- 2 degree - tonsil occupies 2/3 ntawm qhov chaw no;
- 3 degree - lub cev yuav luag tag nrho ntawm qhov chaw, thiab nyob rau theem siab dua, cov tonsils tuaj yeem kov ib leeg.
Hypertrophy ntawm tonsils feem ntau yog cov txheej txheem thim rov qab. Tab sis vim muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qib 2 thiab 3, ua rau ua pa nyuaj thiabhloov kev hais lus, tsim nyog mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm thawj cov tsos mob.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov tonsils
Kev kuaj mob ntawm palatine tonsils yog ua los ntawm kws kho mob (ENT). Pib nrog, tus neeg mob qhov kev tsis txaus siab tau hnov, thiab tom qab ntawd kev kuaj mob pharyngoscopic thiab palpation ntawm cov qog ntshav qab zib tau ua. Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj mob raws li kev kuaj pom. Yog tias muaj qee qhov kev tsis ntseeg, kev ntsuas tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntxiv, suav nrog cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- kuaj ntshav thiab zis;
- kuaj xyuas lub pharynx;
- pharyngeal swab;
- yog tias tsim nyog, ENT yuav xa tus neeg mob mus rau lwm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Kev kho mob angina
Cov txheej txheem mob hauv palatine tonsils tau kho tsis yog siv tshuaj xwb, tab sis kuj nrog ntau cov tshuaj, uas suav nrog yaug thiab nqus pa.
Kev kho mob tseem ceeb rau angina yuav yog tshuaj tua kab mob. Ua ntej noj cov tshuaj, nws raug nquahu kom dhau qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov kab mob mus rau cov tshuaj uas tau sau tseg. Feem ntau, kev npaj penicillin yog siv - "Flemoxin Solutab", "Amoxicillin" thiab lwm yam.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau gargle kom yaug cov kab mob los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tonsils. Rau qhov no, dej qab zib- ntsev thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab - chamomile, eucalyptus, calendula yog siv. Koj tuaj yeem ua rau lub caj pas nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li, Miramistin).
YogKev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig xav tau, thiab tus neeg mob qhov mob hnyav zuj zus, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txog qhov xav tau kev phais kom tshem tawm cov kab mob.
kho mob tonsillitis
Nrog tus kab mob no, ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev yog ntxuav cov palatine tonsils hauv tsev kho mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyob rau hauv lub zog siab, kev kho mob tshuaj yog txhaj rau hauv qhov sib txawv nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb syringe, yog li tshem tawm cov kua paug thiab kab mob.
Tom qab ntawd, nws raug nquahu kom siv physiotherapy - ua kom sov, kho ultrasound, uas cov ntsaws rau ntawm cov tonsils tawg.
Kev kho mob tonsil hypertrophy
Yog tias qhov pathology tsis coj qhov tsis yooj yim, tom qab ntawd siv kev kho mob hauv zos - kho cov tonsils nrog cov tshuaj astringent thiab cauterizing, nrog rau kev yaug, tshuaj ntsuab lossis ntxhia inhalations, kho ultrasound.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Tonsillectomy
Kev txiav txim siab tshem tawm cov tonsils yuav tsum tsuas yog ua qhov chaw kawg nkaus xwb, thaum txoj kev kho tseem ceeb tsis tau ua tiav lossis pom muaj teeb meem loj.
Muaj ob hom kev phais:
- tonsillotomy - ib feem ntawm cov tonsil yog txiav tawm nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub voj.
- tonsillectomy - ua kom tiav kev tshem tawm ntawm lub cev.
Kev ua haujlwm feem ntau mus yam tsis muaj teeb meem thiab muaj lub sijhawm rov ua haujlwm luv luv.
Cov tonsils yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, feem ntauTom qab lawv tshem tawm, muaj qhov txo qis hauv kev tiv thaiv tag nrho thiab ntau zaus cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa sab saud.
Kev Tiv Thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv yog tsom rau kev txhawb nqa kev tiv thaiv. Cov no suav nrog:
- taug kev sab nraum zoov;
- khaw;
- tiv thaiv hypothermia;
- khoom noj kom raug;
- ua tiav kev kho mob ntev;
- gargling nrog decoctions ntawm tshuaj ntsuab;
- Nws tseem yuav tsum tswj qhov ntswg ua pa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub caij ntuj no.
Zoo kawg
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm palatine tonsils hauv tib neeg lub cev tsis yog exaggerated. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv nruab nrog cev uas pab peb tua cov kab mob pathogenic thiab kab mob. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tiv thaiv nws thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Koj kuj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum thawj cov tsos mob koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob uas yuav kuaj xyuas thiab sau cov kev kho mob uas tsim nyog. Thiab nrog kev kho raws sij hawm, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob ntev yuav raug txo kom tsawg.
