Thrombin yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntshav coagulation. Ua tsaug rau nws, cov ntshav txhaws tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov txhab, uas tso tseg los ntshav thiab tsis tso cai rau lub cev poob ntshav ntau. Cov txheej txheem txhaws ntshav nws tus kheej yog qhov nyuaj heev, yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ua kom ntshav txhaws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ntau yam ntxiv. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho qhov txhab.
Dab tsi yog thrombin
Ib pawg ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej koom nrog hauv cov ntshav txhaws thaum raug mob. Qhov no yog thrombin, uas yog tau los ntawm cov tshuaj prothrombin nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb enzyme thromboplastin, qhov no yog ib tug plasma protein fibrinogen, uas hloov mus rau hauv fibrin. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj no nrog rau ib leeg ua rau cov ntshav txhaws uas txhaws qhov txhab thiab tso tseg cov ntshav.
Thrombin yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib qho enzyme, ib qho khoom siv uas catalyzes (uas yog, accelerates) cov txheej txheem tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev. Thaum tsis muaj qhov txhab hauv lub cev, thrombinyog nyob rau hauv cov ntshav plasma nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug chemically inactive tshuaj prothrombin.
Tom qab hloov pauv ntawm prothrombin mus rau thrombin, fibrinogen hauv plasma dhau los ntawm nws daim ntawv soluble mus rau ib qho insoluble. Daim ntawv insoluble ntawm fibrinogen yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm thrombus uas txhaws cov hlab ntsha raug mob. Daim ntawv tsis sib haum ntawm fibrinogen yog hu ua fibrin, thaum thrombin yog ib qho khoom nruab nrab uas pab txhawb kev hloov pauv sai tshaj plaws ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm qhov.
txheej txheem kev kawm hauv lub cev
Tom qab cov platelets hauv cov ntshav raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev puas tsuaj, enzyme thromboplastin raug tso tawm los ntawm lawv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm no enzyme uas thrombin yog tsim los ntawm ib tug inactive daim ntawv. Txoj kev no ntawm kev ua kom ntshav txhaws yog hu ua extravascular thiab ua haujlwm tsuas yog thaum raug mob.
Tab sis qee yam ntawm cov ntshav txhaws ib txwm muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav, thiab tsis yog tsuas yog kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlab ntsha tawg. Txoj kev uas cov ntshav txhaws yuav siv rau qhov no yog hu ua vascular, nws pib ntawm sab hauv ntawm lub nkoj los ntawm kev ua kom lub cev hu ua Hageman factor.
Kev tso tawm ntawm ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg biochemical uas muaj cov enzymes uas pib cov txheej txheem txhaws hauv ib lub vib nas this. Vim qhov tseeb tias cov tshuaj enzyme feem ntau koom nrog cov tshuaj biochemical, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hu ua proteolytic.
Nyob hauv kev kawm
Vim tias thrombin yog ib qho enzyme, nws txoj haujlwm,zoo li feem ntau lwm yam proteolytic tshuaj, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv activating thiab ceev ntau yam tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub cev. Cov enzyme no tsuas yog ua haujlwm ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws.
Tsis muaj lossis tsis muaj cov enzymes uas xav tau rau cov ntshav txhaws ua rau nyuaj rau kev tso ntshav. Kev ua txhaum ntawm txoj kev npaj no yog hu ua "hemophilia" thiab kis tau los ntawm caj ces. Cov teeb meem nrog qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv proteolytic thiab cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis yog tsuas yog kev tsis taus, tab sis kuj mus rau kev tuag. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg raug kev phais tshwj xeeb yog qhov txaus ntshai.
siv kho mob
Thrombin yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj rau nws lub hom phiaj: nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj uas txhawb cov ntshav txhaws thiab tso tseg los ntshav. Cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob qho tib si rau cov kws phais mob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, qhov twg cov ntshav poob hauv tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas, thiab rau cov kws kho mob ntawm lwm yam tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, kws kho hniav, kws kho mob.
Thrombin nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev npaj kho mob yog tsim raws li ib tug dawb hmoov nyob rau hauv vials los yog ampoules, uas yog tom qab yaj nyob rau hauv saline thiab siv topically. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm soaking ib tug gauze swab los ntawm ib tug sterile syringe nrog ib tug tov. Nws yog txwv tsis pub txhaj rau hauv cov leeg lossis cov leeg, vim qhov no ua rau muaj ntau yam thrombosis.
Cov styptic tampons lossis sponges feem ntau yog siv thaum ua haujlwm, thiabkuj muab tso rau hauv qhov txhab. Daim txhuam cev tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, los ntawm cov khoom loj rau kev phais cov hlab ntsha loj mus rau cov me me uas siv hauv kev kho hniav.
Control
Nyob rau hauv qee kis, tus nqi ntawm thrombin hauv lub cev tuaj yeem nce ntxiv, uas ua rau muaj tus mob, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hemophilia - nce ntshav txhaws. Kev tsim cov ntshav txhaws ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau thromboembolism - txhaws cov hlab ntsha los ntawm cov ntshav txhaws. Qee zaum, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv hnyav, thiab qee zaum tuag. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm thrombosis yuav tsum tsis tu ncua mus kuaj rau lub xub ntiag ntawm thrombogenic yam. Cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb pab tswj lawv tus lej. Tshwj xeeb yog mob hnyav, tus neeg mob tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab kho cov ntshav nyias.
