Ovarian cyst yog ib qho kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev uas cuam tshuam rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm npuas lossis hnab ntim cov kua. Nrog rau qhov mob hnyav, cov kua dej pib nkag rau hauv nws. Kuj tseem muaj cov paug paug, thiab tib lub sijhawm lub zes qe menyuam ua mob, thiab tus poj niam muaj cov tsos mob ntawm intoxication.
Cystic proliferation ntawm zes qe menyuam cov ntaub so ntswg yog tsis tshua muaj ib tug kab mob sib cais, nws tshwm sim mas tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm lwm yam kab mob, yog lawv cov teeb meem. Qhov ua rau ntawm pathology tuaj yeem yog kev hloov pauv hormonal, kab mob gynecological, tsis muaj cov thyroid hormones los ntawm cov thyroid hlwb, nchuav menyuam thiab rho menyuam. Feem ntau ntawm cov hlwv ua haujlwm tsis tas yuav kho phais, tab sis yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li.
Yog tias lub cyst loj heev, nws tuaj yeem tawg, txaus ntshai los ntshav hnyav, yog li koj yuav tsum paub meej tias cov kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej li cas thiab muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm yam kab mob.
Types of cysts
Nco ntsoov paub seb hom hlwv yog dab tsizes qe menyuam, thiab seb lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg. Ntawm cov hom kab mob tseem ceeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais txog xws li:
- follicular;
- paraovarian;
- endometrioid;
- dermoid;
- yellow cyst.
Ib follicular cyst forms ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub follicle. Tus kab mob no maj mam, yog hais tias vim muaj kev hloov hormonal tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev, lub qe tsis mature thiab tsis tuaj. Follicular cyst yog ib qho tshwm sim hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov poj niam laus.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cov qauv, nws yog ib tug nyias-walled neoplasm. Nws cov phab ntsa yog lined nrog cov ntaub so ntswg follicular, thiab sab nraud yog tag nrho nrog cov ntaub so ntswg. Tom qab ntawd, lawv pib exfoliate, thiab cubic lossis ca hlwb pom nyob rau sab hauv.
Qhov ua rau ntawm zes qe menyuam follicular cysts muaj feem xyuam rau qib hormonal. Feem ntau qhov no neoplasm yog ib chav tsev. Qee zaum, ob peb ntawm lawv tau tsim ib zaug. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv nyob ib sab ntawm ib sab, uas tsim lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug loj hlav, lawv loj yog tsis ntau tshaj 60 mm, thiab lub teeb ntsiab lus accumulates nyob rau hauv.
Cov poj niam feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Tsuas yog qee zaum lawv provoke ncua kev coj khaub ncaws. Thaum lawv tsim, mob plab hauv plab yuav tshwm sim.
Kev tsim ntawm corpus luteum cyst tshwm sim tom qab ovulation, thaum lub follicle tawg, thiab neoplasm tshwm nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tauua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav khiav thiab lymph tsim. Lub cyst yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog ntawm 16-45 xyoo. Hom kev tsim ntawm zes qe menyuam no ua haujlwm thiab tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev hnyav.
Cov tsos mob feem ntau tsis tuaj, tab sis tsuas yog qee qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws tuaj yeem ua tau. Tom qab ovulation, tej zaum yuav muaj mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog. Hauv ntau tus poj niam, cystic corpus luteum maj mam txo qis. Luteal hlwb maj mam hloov los ntawm cov hlwb txuas, thiab cov cystic tsim yuav luag ploj mus.
Cov cyst paraovarian ntawm ob lub zes qe menyuam yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas ua rau zes qe menyuam. Lawv nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub ligaments ntawm lub tsev menyuam, diverging tshaj tag nrho cov nto mus rau lub zes qe menyuam thiab hlab. Feem ntau, cov neoplasms no tau kuaj pom hauv cov poj niam hnub nyoog qis dua 40 xyoo. Qhov loj ntawm neoplasm tuaj yeem loj heev.
Ua rau cov kab mob endometrioid yog txuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm endometrium sab nraum lub tsev menyuam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg zes qe menyuam. Hauv qhov no, cov txheej txheem nplaum me ntsis yog tsim. Raws li tus kab mob loj tuaj, lub cyst loj hlob ntawm ob lub zes qe menyuam.
Dermoid cyst muaj pob txha mos, cov nqaij rog, rau tes, plaub hau thiab hniav. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev ua txhaum ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam. Cov kab noj hniav zoo li no maj mam, yam tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim tshwj xeeb. Coob leej txaus siab rau cov lus nug ntawm seb nws puas tsim nyog tshem tawm dermoid zes qe menyuam cyst thiab nws yuav ua li cas. Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb tuaj yeem yog torsion ntawm ceg thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Xws li ib lub cyst yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nroglaparoscopy.
Cyst thaum cev xeeb tub
Peb tau tshuaj xyuas qhov kev faib tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam, nws tsim nyog xav txog tias qhov neoplasm thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam teeb meem. Nws yog qhov ua tau kom cev xeeb tub nrog xws li pathology, thiab feem ntau nws raug kuaj pom tseeb thaum cev xeeb tub. Lub corpus luteum cyst feem ntau daws nws tus kheej thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij.
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam, yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob no, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov qog nqaij hlav, nrog rau kev kuaj mob raws sijhawm. Raws li lub cyst loj hlob, rupture yuav tshwm sim, uas yog fraught nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem loj. Nyob rau hnub tom qab, nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm yam gynecological pathologies.
Thaum 16-18 lub lis piam lub cyst raug tshem tawm laparoscopically thiab classically. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kab mob malignant neoplasms tsis tuaj yeem txiav tawm. Txawm hais tias muaj cyst ntawm zes qe menyuam, kev yug menyuam tuaj yeem ua tiav lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov loj dua nws qhov loj, qhov siab dua qhov yuav muaj teeb meem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rupture. Yog li ntawd, ib qho chaw caesarean feem ntau ua nrog kev tshem tawm ib txhij ntawm lub cyst.
YMalignant neoplasm
Yog tias peb tig mus rau kev faib tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam, nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob. Cov qog loj hlob sai heev thiab ncav cuag qhov loj me. Qee tus neeg ntawm cystomas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, mucous daim nyias nyias, muaj kev nyiam rau malignancy, reborn.maj mam mus rau hauv ib tug malignant neoplasm.
Kistoma provokes menstrual disorders, cem quav, mob plab, thiab infertility. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim nrog torsion ntawm txhais ceg, rupture nrog tshwm sim los ntawm sab hauv los ntshav, suppuration nrog tsim ntawm peritonitis.
Rau kev kuaj mob ntawm cystoma, txoj kev ntawm ultrasound, tomography yog siv. Kev kuaj mob tau lees paub los ntawm laparoscopy nrog biopsy. Qhov kev cuam tshuam no feem ntau kho tau zoo.
Qee zaum yuav tsum tau laparotomy. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib qho me me ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yog muab los ntawm tus poj niam thiab xa mus rau histology. Nrog rau mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov hlwb, qhov ntim ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau nthuav dav me ntsis. Malignant cystomas kuj tau kho nrog tshuaj hormonal, tshuaj kho mob, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim lub zes qe menyuam yog qhov hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm endocrine system. Pathology tuaj yeem ua rau:
- nyuaj ua haujlwm;
- nrawm nrawm ntawm lub neej;
- malnutrition.
Raws li kev faib tawm ntawm zes qe menyuam cysts, provoking yam yuav txawv heev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kab mob hauv qab no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob nrog qhov kev kuaj mob no:
- cov txheej txheem mob;
- hormonal ntshawv siab;
- obesity;
- lig menopause.
Ntawm cov laj thawj ntxiv uas ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia txog xws li:
- cawv haus thiab haus luam yeeb;
- hloovkev nyab xeeb;
- hnyav dhau;
- kev ua haujlwm dhau, kev nyuaj siab;
- kev ua lub cev tseem ceeb;
- pib pib ntawm kev sib deev.
Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias tsis muaj leej twg tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm zes qe menyuam. Tus kws kho mob gynecologist yuav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus menyuam yaus thiab tus poj niam laus, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nce ntxiv hauv cystic tsim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm zes qe menyuam cyst yog dab tsi. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov cim qhia ntawm cov kab mob txawm tias thaum pib ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, thaum lub qog yuav pib loj hlob xwb. Lawv tsis yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob tshwj xeeb no, tab sis yuav tsum yog vim li cas thiaj mus ntsib kws kho mob.
Thaum tus poj niam muaj cyst, nws keeb kwm hormonal cuam tshuam, uas cuam tshuam rau nws qhov tsos thiab ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv nws lub cev. Ib tug poj niam tuaj yeem nce qhov hnyav heev, yog tias nws tswj tau tib qho kev noj haus thiab qib ntawm lub cev ua si. Fat deposits feem ntau nrog o thiab yog nyob rau hauv lub plab thiab ncej puab.
Tib lub sijhawm, cov haujlwm ntawm cov hauv paus plaub hau nce, uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm lub cev. Lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qhov chaw uas lawv tsis tau loj hlob ua ntej. Kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub suab ntawm lub suab, vim nws dhau los ua rougher. Qee tus poj niam yuav luag ntxhi.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Raws li kev faib tawmzes qe menyuam, cov tsos mob yuav txawv me ntsis. Feem ntau, pathology yog asymptomatic. Xws li neoplasms raug kuaj pom tom qab ultrasound thaum kuaj kev tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum muaj cov cim xws li:
- mob thiab rub mob hauv plab plab;
- mob hnyav;
- mob hnyav thaum sib deev;
- uterine los ntshav;
- siab thaum tso zis lossis tso quav;
- xeev siab thiab ntuav;
- mob khaub thuas.
Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov cim no, muaj ntau cov tsos mob, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm kev mus ntsib kws kho mob yuav tsum ceev. Cov no yuav tsum muaj xws li:
- plab tawv;
- kub nce;
- uterine los ntshav;
- kiv taub hau, qaug zog, poob phaus.
Tag nrho cov cim qhia no yuav qhia tau tias muaj lub zes qe menyuam tawg. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau poj niam lub neej.
Diagnostics
Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob gynecologist tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas thiab kuaj xyuas lub zes qe menyuam hauv lub sijhawm, txiav txim siab nws hom, ntau yam, qhov tseeb qhov chaw thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological. Rau kev kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas xws li:
- tshuaj ntsuam thawj zaug;
- kuaj ntshav thiab zis;
- kuaj mob ultrasound;
- kuaj ntshav rau cov tshuaj hormones;
- kuaj cev xeeb tub.
Kev kuaj rau zes qe menyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov mobtxheej txheem, xwm thiab qib ntawm cov ntshav poob. Ultrasound ua rau nws ua tau kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tiav tshaj plaws txog qhov muaj cov neoplasm. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj cov qog zes qe menyuam rau cov tshuaj hormones, vim tias lawv pab kuaj cov kab mob hormonal uas twb muaj lawm. Hauv cov mob hnyav dua thiab hom kab mob tsawg, kev sim xws li:
- puncture ntawm posterior vaginal fornix;
- kuaj qog cov cim hauv zes qe menyuam;
- laparoscopy;
- tomography.
Yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj yog tias xav tias ruptured cyst, vim qhov no yuav nthuav tawm cov kua lossis cov ntshav hauv plab.
Kev kho mob
Nyob ntawm hom thiab cov tsos mob ntawm lub zes qe menyuam, kev kho mob raug xaiv nruj me ntsis rau tus kheej, thiab tsuas yog tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab txog txoj kev kho. Kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev saib xyuas thiab kev phais. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm torsion thiab rupture ntawm lub cyst, cov lus pom zoo hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li:
- txo qis kev tawm dag zog;
- tso tseg kev kho lub cev thiab spa;
- tsis txhob da dej kub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum txwv tsis pub dhau lub hnub, thiab tsis txhob mus saib lub solarium, vim qhov no tsuas yog ua rau mob hnyav dua.
Drug therapy
Ntau hom hlwv zes qe menyuam raug kho raws li tus neeg mob sab nraud nrog kev kho tshuaj hormone. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob. Kev kho mob nyuaj suav nrog cov tshuaj hauv qab no.
- Antibacterial. Lawv raug sau tseg nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub cyst kom tshem tawm cov inflammatory txheej txheem thiab tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ("Cefepime", "Cefazolin", "Cefotaxime", "Zinnat", "Doxycycline", "Ampicillin", "Vilprafen").
- Anti-inflammatory. Siv los txo qhov mob thiab txo qhov mob. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj hauv qhov quav (Diclofenac, Indomethacin), ntsiav tshuaj (Ibuprofen, Analgin) lossis txhaj tshuaj (Ketanov, Diclofenac).
- Vitamins. Yog tias xav tias muaj cov kab mob ua haujlwm tau zoo, cov vitamins A, E, C raug muab tshuaj los ua kom lub cev muaj zog thiab ua haujlwm hormonal.
- YEnzymatic. Cov tshuaj no pab daws cov cysts thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm adhesions. Wobenzym, Longidaza raug xaiv.
Lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cyst thiab qhov loj hlob ntawm neoplasm.
Ntseeg haiv neeg
Kev kho tshuaj tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov tshuaj pej xeem, vim qhov no tso cai rau koj los daws cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm sai dua thiab ua tau zoo dua. Cov tshuaj ntsuab yog siv rau kev kho mob. Thaum ua ntawv thov, thawj qhov kev hloov pauv zoo tuaj yeem pom tau tom qab 2 lub hlis.
Ib walnut, lossis theej nws qhov kev faib tawm, yog ib qho tshuaj zoo. Partitions yog muab los ntawm plaub txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ncuav nrog ib khob ntawm boiling dej thiab rhuab tshaj medium tshav kub rau 20 feeb, cov tshuaj yog noj 2-3 tablespoons peb zaug ib hnub twg. Tom qab ib hlis ntawm kev kho mob, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau rov ua ultrasound, uas yuav qhia tau hais tias lub qog tseem loj hlob los yognws txoj kev txhim kho rov qab.
kua txiv Burdock haus peb zaug ib hnub, ib diav rau ib hlis. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum yog tshiab, nias los ntawm stems ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yog li no kev kho mob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub hlis.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias qee cov tshuaj ntsuab muaj qee yam contraindications, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, thaum xaiv ib qho kev kho mob rau kev kho mob cyst, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub peculiarity ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Thaum mob thiab o, kev kho tshuaj ntsuab yuav tsum nres tam sim.
Surgery
Txiav txim siab seb qhov kev ua haujlwm rau lub zes qe menyuam yuav tsum ua, tsuas yog tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab. Nrog kev tsis sib haum xeeb, follicular neoplasms, cov kab noj hniav nrog cov ntsiab lus raug tshem tawm, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm zes qe menyuam yog sutured.
Polycystic zes qe menyuam raug kho los ntawm excising qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub cev uas qhov tso tawm ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tshwm sim. Nrog tib hom cyst, electrocoagulation tuaj yeem dhau los ua txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws.
Nrog rau cov kab mob endometrioid hauv lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, lub hom phiaj pathological raug tshem tawm, tab sis lub zes qe menyuam tau khaws cia. Thaum cev xeeb tub, cyst raug tshem tawm nrog rau lub zes qe menyuam. Laparoscopic phais feem ntau tsis tshua muaj mob. Txoj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev qhia cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev sib tsoo me me hauv lub plab kab noj hniav.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov teeb meem
Cov poj niam yeej yuav tsum paub tias yog vim li cas cyst thiaj li txaus ntshailub zes qe menyuam thiab qhov teeb meem dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tau. Feem ntau ua txhaum cai yog:
- ntshav plab hauv plab;
- abscess thiab mob;
- cyst necrosis thiab pedicle torsion;
- yuav tig mus ua mob qog noj ntshav.
Txawm tias lub cyst ua haujlwm me me, nws tuaj yeem tawg yam tsis muaj laj thawj. Tus mob no yuav tsum tau muaj kev phais sai sai, vim cov txheej txheem no yog nrog los ntawm cov ntshav hauv plab.
Yog vim li cas qee qhov pedicle ntawm cov qog zes qe menyuam yog qhov sib tw, vim qhov no, cov nqaij mos necrosis tshwm sim thiab peritonitis tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw no. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov chaw mos, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm o. Qhov no tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj abscess.
prophylaxis
Kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb heev. Txiav txim siab tias qhov ua rau ntawm cyst tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej yog txuam nrog kev mob, kev tiv thaiv suav nrog:
- txo tus lej rho menyuam;
- ua kom lub cev txaus;
- hnyav normalization;
- siv hnab looj tes.
Ovarian cyst yog heev muaj nyob rau hauv cov poj niam. Nws tuaj yeem ua benign thiab malignant. Ua ntej kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus kuaj kom tiav los txiav txim seb hom kab mob pathology thiab sau ntawv kho mob.
