Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha: txhais, nta thiab kev kho mob

Cov txheej txheem:

Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha: txhais, nta thiab kev kho mob
Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha: txhais, nta thiab kev kho mob

Video: Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha: txhais, nta thiab kev kho mob

Video: Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha: txhais, nta thiab kev kho mob
Video: Tshuaj theem vim li cas thiaj tau nqi ?/ Siv kho mob dab tsi?/paris polyphylla use for? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav xav txog kinking - extracranial artery syndrome.

Cov hlab ntsha carotid yog ib khub: sab laug pib nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub pob tw brachial, sab xis hauv cheeb tsam ntawm aortic arch. Hauv qhov no, ob lub hlab ntsha xaus rau hauv siab. Cov hlab ntsha sab hauv carotid pab txhawb cov ntshav thiab khoom noj khoom haus ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob ntawm lub taub hau, yog li txhua yam kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj rau tag nrho cov kabmob.

Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha yog ib qho tshwm sim ntawm nws cov kab mob tortuosity nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm inflection.

kinking ntawm txoj cai sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha
kinking ntawm txoj cai sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha

anatomical nta

Cov hlab ntsha carotid tsis yog qhov sib luag - sab laug ib txwm loj dua li sab xis los ntawm ob peb centimeters. Cov hlab ntsha no yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb, qhov muag, thiab lwm yam. Tib lub sijhawm, rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, lub hlwb yuav tsum tau txais cov ntshav ntawm tus nqi ntawm 3.7 grams ib feeb rau txhua 100 grams ntawm lub cev.

Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm cov pob txha mos ntawm cov thyroid caj pas, qhov noLub nkoj tsim ntau ceg, thiab muab faib rau sab nraud carotid thiab sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha.

Norma

Nyob rau hauv nws lub xeev ib txwm, nws tsis muaj constrictions uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav ntws mus rau lub taub hau. Txawm li cas los xij, yog hais tias lub lumen nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm nws qhov chaw yog nqaim, kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav mus rau lub cev ntawm lub taub hau tsim. Ib qho ua rau mob stroke ischemic, kub siab lossis mob hlab ntsha tawg yog ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem physiological vim yog tortuosity lossis kinks ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid sab hauv.

nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha carotid
nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha carotid

Ntau yam ntawm vascular pathologies

Ib qho ntawm feem ntau ua rau mob hlwb cerebral ntshav txaus yog cov qauv tortuous ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid. Ntau tshaj 28% ntawm cov neeg mob uas tuag los ntawm mob stroke muaj cov kab mob no. Hauv yuav luag txhua tus neeg thib plaub, kev ntsuam xyuas dav txiav txim siab qhov elongation lossis tortuosity ntawm lub nkoj no.

Cov kws tshaj lij paub qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab no ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid sab hauv:

  1. S-puab crimp. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov hlab ntsha yog me ntsis loj dua qhov tsim nyog, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub nkoj muaj S-zoo li. Thaum pib ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological, qhov no tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis xis nyob, txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau xyoo tas los, lub nkoj maj mam txuas ntxiv mus, uas ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum loj heev.
  2. Kinking ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha, uas yog pathological kink ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub kaum sab xis. Yog hais tias lub pathology yog congenital, tus kab mob no tau kuaj pom sai heev. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheejtus neeg mob tuaj yeem kho cov ntshav siab ntev ntev yam tsis tau paub txog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm ntshav siab. Muaj kinking ntawm txoj cai sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha, nrog rau sab laug. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau tus neeg mob tau ntsib lwm yam tsos mob, xws li migraines, tsis txaus ntshai, thiab xeev siab.
  3. Coiling, uas yog lub voj voog zoo li lub tortuosity ntawm lub nkoj. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov ntshav ntws tau qeeb qeeb, kev tawm tsam ntawm xeev siab thiab mob taub hau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm qhov laj thawj.
  4. kinking ntawm sab laug sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha
    kinking ntawm sab laug sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha

Vim txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kinking

Feem ntau, kinking ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid sab hauv yog ib qho pathology ntawm lub cev xeeb tub, txawm li cas los xij, lwm yam feem ntau ua rau muaj tus kab mob zoo li no, cov npe uas suav nrog:

  • hnub nyoog txog kev hloov pauv vascular;
  • mob ntshav siab;
  • smoking;
  • mob ntshav qab zib mellitus;
  • noj zaub mov tsis zoo muaj rog thiab carbohydrates;
  • overweight.

Tus kab mob tshwm sim kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev txhim kho tus kabmob. Yog tias cov txheeb ze tau kuaj pom tus kab mob no, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas. Kev ua neej nyob sedentary tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm kinking.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob pathological

Cov tsos mob feem ntau tshaj tawm los ntawm cov neeg uas muaj carotid kinking yog:

  • mob taub hau tsis tu ncuatom qab noj tshuaj mob;
  • nrhiav suab nrov thiab suab tshwm sim hauv pob ntseg;
  • ntua tsis pom kev, uas tuaj yeem kav ob peb feeb;
  • fog lossis goosebumps ua ntej qhov muag;
  • kev sib koom tes ntawm kev txav;
  • nyob rau hauv ntau qhov nyuaj - hais lus tsis meej thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ceg tawv.

Yog li, cov tsos mob ntawm kinking ntawm sab laug sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha lossis sab xis yog zoo ib yam li lwm cov kab mob vascular, piv txwv li, vascular atherosclerosis uas muaj rau cov neeg laus. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua ntau txoj kev kuaj mob tsim nyog.

kinking pathological tortuosity ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha
kinking pathological tortuosity ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha

Kinking diagnostics

txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau - pathological tortuosity ntawm sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha, kev ntsuas nyuaj yuav tsum tau ua. Pib nrog, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ua ib qho kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob, txiav txim siab qhov xwm txheej thiab txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm thaum nws kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo. Auscultation (saib nrog lub phonendoscope) ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid yog qhov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb puas muaj lossis tsis muaj cov suab nrov thiab ntsuas ntshav siab.

Ntxiv rau, ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej kuaj mob yuav tsum tau siv:

  1. Ultrasound, uas pab ntsuas cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab nws cov phab ntsa, nrog rau kev kawm txog cov ntshav ntws zoo. Ua tsaug rau txoj kev Doppler ultrasound, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid.
  2. Duplexib qho scan uas tso cai rau koj kom meej meej ntsuas cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha los ntawm kev pom nws.
  3. CT thiab MR angiography, uas tso cai rau koj pom txhua txheej ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid thiab qhov tseeb hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov kab mob deformity. Txhawm rau txhim kho cov duab zoo, tus neeg sawv cev tshwj xeeb yog txhaj rau hauv tus neeg mob cov ntshav.
  4. Kev xaiv angiography. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev siv x-rays. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ICA (sab hauv carotid hlab ntsha) yog punctured, mus rau hauv lub lumen uas tus neeg sawv cev sib txawv yog txhaj. Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau txais cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov khoom sab hauv ntawm lub nkoj ntawm lub monitor. Cov txheej txheem no tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, piv txwv li, nws yog siv los txiav txim qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev phais.
  5. kinking syndrome ntawm cov hlab ntsha extracranial
    kinking syndrome ntawm cov hlab ntsha extracranial

Kev kho mob

Kev cuam tshuam kev phais yog suav tias yog tib txoj kev zoo ntawm kev kho mob kinking. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kws phais txiav tawm qhov ntxiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha, straightening lub hlab ntsha. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo li no, cov ntshav muab rau lub taub hau thiab lub hlwb rov qab ua tiav.

Txij li kev phais no, ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem kho mob niaj hnub no, yog qhov raug mob tsawg kawg nkaus, thiab nws qhov kev siv tsis tshua siv sijhawm ntau dua 20 feeb, feem ntau nws tau ua raws li tshuaj loog hauv zos. Tom qab ua haujlwm, tus neeg mob raug xa mus rau tsev kho mob, thiab nws tso tawm rau kev kho mob sab nraud thaum tsis muaj teeb meem tshwm sim hauv ib lossis ob hnub.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab heev. Tag nrho cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no ploj mus tag li ntawm 95% ntawm cov neeg mob. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem yog tsis ntau tshaj 1%.

Kev kho tshuaj hauv qhov xwm txheej no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, vim nws tsuas yog txo cov tsos mob, tab sis tsis tshem tawm qhov teeb meem nws tus kheej - cov kab mob khoov ntawm lub nkoj.

Dab tsi yog carotid kinking
Dab tsi yog carotid kinking

Kev kho mob thaum yau

Kev kho rau cov hlab ntsha carotid kinking thaum yau muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, tus kab mob no tau pib kuaj pom hauv cov menyuam yaus tsis ntev los no, vim tsis muaj cov cuab yeej kuaj mob tsim nyog hauv ntau lub tsev kho mob.

Feem ntau, ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev ntawm kev kho cov menyuam yaus yog kev phais. Tab sis, muab qhov tseeb hais tias tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv tas li txoj kev loj hlob, tej zaum nws yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm thiab kho xws li ib tug pathology yam tsis muaj kev phais. Qee zaum, qhov tortuosity daws nws tus kheej thaum tus menyuam loj hlob tuaj. Qhov tshwm sim no tau pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag 30% ntawm cov neeg mob. Nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm ischemic disorders nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kev tawm dag zog tshwj xeeb uas tus kws tshaj lij qhia. Yog tias qhov kev tawm dag zog zoo li no tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, cov kws kho mob siv kev cuam tshuam kev phais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tus menyuam mob hnyav.

tus neeg mob hauv tsev kho mob
tus neeg mob hauv tsev kho mob

ntsuas kev tiv thaiv

Txhawm rau zam kev txhim kho ntawm cov kab mob no, nws yog qhov tsim nyog:

  • suab rau cov hauv paus ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo;
  • tswj lub cev hnyav, tawm dag zog me ntsis;
  • muab tus cwj pwm phem;
  • tshem tawm kev nqa hnyav, vim tias lub siab ntawm cov hlab ntsha nce, thiab cov hlab ntsha hauv carotid pib maj mam deform.

Kinking ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid tau luv luv txiav txim siab hauv kab lus. Nws yog dab tsi thiab yuav ua li cas kom tshem tau cov kab mob no, tam sim no koj paub.

Pom zoo: