Ultrasound ntawm biliary tract yog ib txoj kev kuaj mob thaum lub sij hawm daim tawv nqaij tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm koob los yog ntau yam cuab yeej phais. Nws tso cai rau koj kom paub cov ntaub ntawv tseeb heev txog lub xeev ntawm lub gallbladder thiab nws cov ducts. Raws li txoj cai, txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub cev no tau ua tiav raws li ib feem ntawm kev kawm dav dav ntawm lub plab zom mov thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua ke nrog ultrasound ntawm daim siab.
Kev qhia rau kev kuaj mob
Tus kws kho mob plab tuaj yeem sau ib txoj hauv kev kuaj mob rau lub gallbladder hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- rov mob dua ntawm sab xis ntawm hypochondrium, uas tsuas yog tshem tawm nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob;
- tsis xis nyob thiab hnov mob hnyav hauv lub siab;
- xim daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov mucous sab nraud;
- irregularhom fais fab;
- tsim txom cov rog, haus luam yeeb, ntsim, kib zaub mov;
- noj ntau dhau-calorie tsawg;
- tshuaj noj ntev heev;
- qhov txawv txav hauv kev kuaj ntshav (AST, ALT, bilirubin thiab lwm yam);
- biliary dyskinesia;
- obesity;
- kab mob gallstone;
- mob plab;
- thaum muab tshuaj thiab xaiv poj niam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- txheej txheem ntawm kev saib xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub plab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qog;
- saib xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev kho.
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Contraindications rau kev sim
Txoj kev tshawb no yog txoj kev nyab xeeb tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog contraindications rau kev siv ntawm ultrasound ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av yog heev kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev soj ntsuam. Piv txwv li, kub hnyiab, qhov txhab, kab mob.
Npaj rau kev kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub gallbladder
Kev npaj rau cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kuaj xyuas cov kab mob biliary feem ntau yog tib yam li cov kev pab cuam rau kev npaj rau ultrasound ntawm lwm yam kabmob plab. Ob peb hnub ua ntej kuaj mob, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob haus cawv thiab noj zaub mov rog., thiab tseem cov khoom uas txhawb kev tsim cov pa roj hauv cov hnyuv, uas suav nrog:
- raws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab berries;
- khoom lactic acid;
- cereal qhob cij thiab lwm yam khoom lag luam poov xab;
- legumes;
- tshuaj yej, kas fes thiab dej qab zib.
Cov neeg mob feem ntau nug seb yuav noj dab tsi ua ntej tus txheej txheem.
Cov zaub mov hauv qab no tso cai:
- porridge boiled hauv dej;
- tsev cheese tsis muaj rog;
- nqaij los yog nqaij qaib;
- nqaij los yog ntses;
- qe qe.
Thaum noj mov, nws yuav tsum siv ntau yam kev npaj enzyme ("Creon", "Festal", "Mezim") thiab cov tshuaj uas txo qis flatulence ("Smecta", "Espumizan", "Activated charcoal", "Motilium"). "), tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj peb zaug hauv ib hnub.
Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj ua ntej txheej txheem ntawm ultrasound ntawm biliary ib ntsuj av, nws raug nquahu kom ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- Cov zaub mov kawg yuav tsum yog lub teeb thiab txaus siab, piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem noj porridge siav hauv dej tsis muaj qab zib, tab sis tsis pub dhau 19 teev tsaus ntuj.
- Koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj lub plab ib txwm. Yog tias muaj teeb meem, nws yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuaj laxatives me los yog microclyster.
Qhov no tsis yog txhua qhov kev npaj rau ultrasound ntawm biliary tract.
Thaum sawv ntxov ua ntej tus txheej txheem:
- yog tias txoj kev kawm npaj yuav ua thaum sawv ntxov, ces koj yuav tsum tsis kam noj tshais;
- yog tias txoj kev tau teem sijhawm rau 2nd ib nrab hnub, ces tso cai rau noj tshais - crackers thiab tshuaj yej (lub sijhawm ntawm kev kawm thiab noj tshais yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 6 teev);
- koj tsis tuaj yeem haus dej li ob peb teev ua ntej kuaj mob, yog li koj yuav tsum sab laj nrogtus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txog kev noj tshuaj cawm txoj sia;
- tseem tsis txhob zom cov pos hniav lossis haus luam yeeb.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias endo-ultrasound ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nruj me ntsis rau ntawm lub plab khoob, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lub gallbladder yog ntim nrog cov kua tsib mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws, vim hais tias nws nce. Yog tias koj haus dej haus me ntsis, ces cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kua tsib yuav pib, thiab lub zais zis yuav txo qis, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab heev.
Survey method
Nrog biliary dyskinesia, ultrasound ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob sab hauv ntawm lub plab zom mov yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Vim li no, nws raug nquahu kom ua cov txheej txheem hauv lub chaw kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab raug soj ntsuam los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob.
Yooj yim ultrasound ntawm lub gallbladder
Ultrasound ntawm daim siab thiab kab mob biliary yog ua los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv sab nraud rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv plab. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau pw ntawm nws nraub qaum thiab tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws ntawm lub plab mog. Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho mob siv ib qho tshwj xeeb dej-soluble gel rau lub transducer txhawm rau tshem tawm cov huab cua sib txawv thaum sib cuag nrog daim tawv nqaij thiab pab txhawb kev hla ntawm ultrasonic nthwv dej.
Yog tias hauv qab ntawm lub plab hnyuv tau npog nrog lub plab hnyuv, tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom tus neeg mob ua pa tob tob thiab tuav nws ua pa kom ntev li ntev tau, lossis txav mus rau sab laug.
txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv lub plab zom mov (xuab zeb, pob zeb), tus neeg mob tuaj yeemhais kom sawv ntsug thiab ua ob peb txoj hauv ntej khoov.
Kev npaj rau ultrasound ntawm daim siab thiab biliary tract yuav tsum tau ua yam tsis muaj kev poob.
Kev kuaj mob ultrasound ntawm lub plab biliary nrog kev ua haujlwm
Lwm lub npe rau txoj kev kuaj mob yog ultrasound nrog noj tshais choleretic lossis dynamic cholescintigraphy.
cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim seb qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub gallbladder yog dab tsi nyob rau lub sijhawm.
Tom qab thawj txoj kev kuaj kab mob biliary ntawm lub plab khoob, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj tshais ntawm ob lub boiled (los yog nyoos) yolks thiab 250 g ntawm tsev cheese (los yog qaub cream). Tsis tas li nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm choleretic tshais, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj sorbitol.
Tom qab no, kev kuaj ultrasound yuav tsum tau rov ua dua ntawm 5, 10 thiab 15 feeb.
kuaj ultrasound rau tshem tawm gallbladder
Lwm lub npe rau cov txheej txheem yog dynamic choledochography.
Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob ntsuas qhov kab thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kua tsib (tshwj xeeb ntawm lub plab khoob). Tom qab ntawd, tus neeg mob tau txais cov khoom noj hauv daim ntawv ntawm sorbitol yaj hauv dej, thiab tom qab ntawd rov kuaj xyuas dua tom qab 0.5-1 teev.
Thaum lub sijhawm kawm, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum sau tus neeg mob cov lus tsis txaus siab txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov mob, nce, kev siv zog, nws qhov tsis muaj lossis ntev.
Deciphering ultrasound ntawm lub biliary tract
Thaum kuaj, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- qhov chaw thiab kev txav ntawm lub gallbladder;
- tuab, qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cev;
- muaj cov neoplasms, polyps thiab pob zeb;
- kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zais zis;
- kab ntawm cov kua tsib.
Ntau lub gallbladder loj yog:
- dav txog 4cm;
- ntev li ntawm 8 txog 10cm;
- transverse loj los ntawm 3 mus rau 3.5 cm;
- ntim 30-70 cu. saib;
- txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov kab dej sib xyaw txog 7 hli;
- tsis ntau tshaj 4 hli phab ntsa thickness;
- Txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov ducts ntawm lub cev yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 3 hli.
Lub gallbladder yuav tsum yog oval lossis pear-puab, nrog cov contours meej. Nws raug tso cai kom pom tseeb hauv qab ntawm lub zais zis los ntawm 1-1.5 cm los ntawm hauv qab ntug ntawm daim siab.
Ua li cas ultrasound ntawm biliary tract qhia?
Ua tsaug rau kev kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub cev no, ntau yam kab mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab.
Tus mob cholecystitis yog qhia los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:
- ntau yam sab hauv;
- lub zais zis phab ntsa tuab dua 4 hli;
- lub cev nce ntxiv;
- muaj ntshav ntau ntxiv hauv cov hlab ntsha cystic.
Daim ntawv mob ntev ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- qhia fuzzy thiab plooj;
- lub zais zis tau txo qhov loj;
- phab ntsa ntawm lub cev tau ua kom khov, deformed thiab tuab dua;
- koj tuaj yeem pom me me hauv cov lumen ntawm npuas.
biliary dyskinesia yog txiav txim los ntawmmuaj ib los yog ntau yam constrictions nyob rau hauv lub gallbladder, raws li zoo raws li nrhiav tau ib lub foob thiab ib tug nce nyob rau hauv lub suab ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm lub cev.
Cov kab mob hauv qab no qhia tias muaj tus kab mob gallstone:
- ntxhib contours thiab thickening ntawm lub cev phab ntsa;
- muaj pob zeb nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav ntawm lub gallbladder, uas txav thaum hloov txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub cev;
- thaj chaw tsaus ntuj tom qab pob zeb;
- muaj bilirubin crystals nyob rau hauv cov zis sediment.
Nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias ultrasound tsis pom pob zeb me. Lawv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov kab dej hauv cov kua tsib nyob saum qhov txhaws.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm polyps ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av tau los ntawm kev muaj cov kab tsim nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv kev kawm. Yog hais tias lub polyp muaj ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm ntau tshaj 11 cm, ces muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm tsim ib tug malignant qog. Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm rov kuaj xyuas ultrasound ib tug ceev kev loj hlob ntawm lub polyp yog kaw, ces qhov no yuav qhia tau hais tias tus txheej txheem yog malignant.
Cov qog uas twb muaj lawm yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov muaj qhov tsim tsawg kawg 1-1.5 cm loj, deformed contours ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv kev kawm, nrog rau cov phab ntsa tuab heev ntawm lub gallbladder.
Txhua yam kab mob hauv lub cev tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau los ntawm:
- ectopic localization ntawm lub gallbladder;
- tsis muaj ducts;
- khoom siv lub gallbladder;
- protrusion ntawm phab ntsa.
Txhua yam pathologies kuaj pom los ntawm ultrasound ntawm cov kab mob biliary yuav tsum tau qhia meej thiab muaj zogkev soj ntsuam. Vim li no, tom qab thawj txoj kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tau sau ib qho thib ob - hauv ob lossis peb lub lis piam.
Yuav tsum tau rov qab kawm tsis tu ncua, txawm tias tsis pom qhov txawv txav.
