Cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau pom tias kwv yees li 90-95 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov vitamins uas tib neeg lub cev tau txais los ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo. Cov lus nug tiag tiag ntawm qhov kub npaum li cas vitamin C raug rhuav tshem feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm mob khaub thuas vim xav tau kev ntxiv dag zog rau lub cev thiab tiv thaiv kab mob zoo.
Ascorbic acid yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv
Qhov no muaj zog antioxidant tsis tsuas yog tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox xwb, tab sis kuj normalizes ntshav txhaws thiab capillary permeability, muaj anti-allergic thiab anti-inflammatory teebmeem.
Vitamin C ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntawm collagen, catecholamines thiab steroid hormones. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tswj cov txheej txheem metabolic cuam tshuam nrog calcium, hlau thiab folic acid,txhim kho lawv digestibility. Cov vitamin no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab nws qhov tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, cov lus nug ntawm nyob rau hauv dab tsi tej yam kev mob thiab nyob rau hauv dab tsi kub vitamin C raug rhuav tshem kev txhawj xeeb yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus, suav nrog cov neeg nyob hauv megacities, cov nroog nyob deb nroog thiab nyob deb nroog.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm vitamin C degradation
Kev kho cua sov ntawm cov khoom lag luam feem ntau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lawv qhov zoo: txhim kho saj, softens tus qauv, rhuav tshem cov microbes thiab co toxins. Boiled, stewed, ci, steamed thiab txawm kib zaub mov muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li cov zaub mov nyoos. Nws tuaj yeem cawm tib neeg los ntawm cov teeb meem digestive (mob plab hnyuv thiab pancreatic disorders). Tab sis dab tsi kub ua rau vitamin C, uas yog li tsim nyog rau tib neeg lub cev? Thiab lwm yam dab tsi cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj hauv ascorbic acid?
Dej-soluble vitamin C yog qhov tsis ruaj khov tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem decompose txawm tias lub sijhawm khaws cia ntev, ua rau tsis zoo rau txhua yam tshuaj thiab lub cev. Ascorbic acid yog yooj yim oxidized. Nws cov kev npaj tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv hlau, vim tias cov kua qaub reacts thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub thawv. Vitamin C kuj yuav tsum tsis txhob raug rau lub teeb, tshav kub, high humidity, kev sib cuag nrog oxygen, uas ua rau nws puas tsuaj. Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov vitamin no hauv cov zaub mov txo qis ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis mus rau qhov sib txawv.
science hais li cas?
Cov ascorbic acid molecule, raws li ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, raug rhuav tshem tag nrho ntawm qhov kub ntawm 191-192 ° F (88-89 ° C), tab sis tsuas yog ib qho ntawm nws cov isomers (L-ascorbic acid), los yog vitamin C, muaj kev lom zem, yog ib yam khoom muaj nyob rau hauv zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws qhov ntau yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev thauj mus los thiab txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom, lawv tiv thaiv huab cua thiab lub teeb, thiab lwm yam.
Tom qab yuav zaub lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws tseem ceeb txawm tias lawv khaws cia hauv lub tub yees lossis tsis, tag nrho lossis hlais, lawv noj ntev npaum li cas thiab qhov kub thiab txias npaum li cas. Vitamin C raug rhuav tshem los ntawm qhov pib ntawm 60-70 degrees, tab sis tiv taus ib puag ncig acidic. Zaub xam lav (txias thiab kub) nrog txiv qaub kua txiv, ob chav kawm nrog ntxiv ntawm txiv lws suav los yog lws suav muab tshuaj txhuam khaws cov vitamin no zoo dua li thawj cov kev kawm uas muaj cov ntsiab lus kua, tab sis tsis muaj cov khoom xyaw acidic. Qhuav, hlais, cua sov zaub mov rau ib lub sij hawm ntev nyob rau hauv lub saucepan nrog lub hau qhib, reheating zaub mov, tooj liab los yog hlau cookware nquag ua kom cov haib antioxidant.
Kev sim nrog "qhov tseeb" dej thiab nthuav tawm rosehip infusion
Siv cov dej distilled es tsis txhob siv cov kais dej yuav pab khaws cov vitamin C thaum boiled rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv. Ib qho kev sim tau ua los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm Asmeskas chemistry: hauv ib khob ntawm distillate, nws yaj 1 teaspoon ntawm ascorbic acid kom nws cov concentration ntawm 2-2.5%. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov cuab yeej ntsuas tau pom 2.17%. Tus neeg tshawb nrhiav npognruj nreem ntim nrog ib tug daws ntawm thermal zaj duab xis thiab sab laug ib tug me me qhov rau tso tawm ntawm chav. Luv luv ib khob ntawm ascorbic acid (tsis pub ntau tshaj 2 feeb) nyob rau hauv lub microwave, ces txias rau 5 feeb thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees. Tom qab 75 feeb, thaum cov tshuaj tau txias rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws rov ntsuas qhov concentration ntawm vitamin C. Vim lub sij hawm luv luv evaporation, daim duab no tau nce mus rau 2.19%! Rau tib lub hom phiaj, cov kws tshaj lij qhia txog kev npaj nthuav tawm infusions ntawm berries nplua nuj nyob rau hauv vitamin C.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov vitamin no tau lees paub tias yuav khaws cia yog tias cov pob qij txha tau nrawm nrawm, nchuav nrog dej npau npau ntawm qhov kub tsis siab tshaj 40-60 degrees, thiab tom qab ntawd hais rau ib teev nyob rau hauv lub kaw ntom nti thermos. Lub sijhawm ntev ntawm cov pob qij txha tawg ua rau L-ascorbic acid, txo qis tus nqi ntawm decoction piv rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab thiab nthuav qhia infusions.
kub tshuaj yej thiab boiling txiv qaub dej
Nyob rau ntawm lub rooj sab laj, koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus nug los ntawm cov neeg nyiam haus tshuaj yej kub ntawm qhov kub thiab txias vitamin C puas. L-isomer ntawm ascorbic acid (vitamin C) tsuas yog me ntsis puas. Nws cov concentration hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm ib teev poob los ntawm tsuas yog 30 feem pua hauv cov tshuaj yej brewed ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tas li, tab sis tom qab ib teev nws disintegrates yuav luag tag. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau hauv cov dej kub npau npau, yajvitamin C raug rhuav tshem los ntawm 83 feem pua hauv 10 feeb.
Cov kws tshaj lij piav qhia qhov txawv no los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tshuaj yej phenol reacts nrog tooj liab thiab hlau ions, khi lawv, uas tiv thaiv lawv cov nyhuv ntawm kev ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov vitamin C. Yog tias koj xav ua kom kub txiv qaub los ntawm 6 txiv qaub, ces lawv txiav nyob rau hauv ib nrab thiab muab pov rau hauv boiling dej. Tom qab 3 feeb, lub thawv raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub qhov cub, cov dej haus yog infused rau 10-15 feeb. Tom qab ntawd nws yog lim los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab pulp. Cov txiv qaub no tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas thiab txhawb kev tiv thaiv thaum qaug dej kub lossis sov nrog me ntsis zib ntab ntxiv. Khaws cov dej haus hauv lub tub yees, ua kom sov hauv lub microwave kom txuag tau ascorbic acid ntau tshaj.
Thaum npaj cov chav kawm thib ib thiab thib ob
Tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm qhov kub npaum li cas vitamin C raug rhuav tshem hauv txhua lub tais. Nws yog paub tias twb nyob rau ntawm 50 degrees Celsius nyob rau hauv qos yaj ywm kua zaub, qhov concentration ntawm ascorbic acid yuav pib txo yog hais tias lub lauj kaub tsis npog nrog ib tug hau thiab cov zaub yog pw ua ntej ntawm lub sij hawm. Raws li txoj cai, lawv yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau boiling s alted dej, thiab cov tais diav npog nrog lub hau thaum ua noj. Ib yam yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov zaub khov, vim tias cov dej npau npau muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg dua, uas ua rau cov vitamin C. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kub kub kub ua haujlwm, nrog rau ascorbine oxidase, lwm cov txiaj ntsig cog enzymes uas ua rau kom zoo dua khaws cov vitamin. Qos yaj ywm drenched nyob rau hauv boiling dejsiav nyob rau hauv lub tev, nws tus nqi yog txo los ntawm 10 feem pua. Cov dej tsawg kuj tiv thaiv lub ntuj ascorbic acid los ntawm kev tawg.
Yog li, piv txwv li, sauerkraut kua zaub poob 50% ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj zog tom qab ua noj rau ib teev, thiab stewed cabbage poob tsuas yog 15%. Txiv lws suav siav rau 2 feeb hauv lub microwave lossis qhov cub (ntawm 90 degrees) tsuas yog poob 10 feem pua ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb. Tib cov txiv lws suav, siav rau ib nrab ib teev, poob txog 29-30% ntawm cov vitamin C. Steamed zaub tau tshem ntawm 22-34% ntawm cov vitamin tseem ceeb, thiab 10% hauv microwave tib lub sijhawm.
Qhov kub npaum li cas vitamin C tawg hauv cherry plum?
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov plum paub zoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum lub caij txias. Nws cov diaphoretic thiab antitussive txiav txim muaj nuj nqis nrog rau ib tug qab ntxiag saj thiab ntau lwm yam zoo. Tkemali, raws li lawv hu ua "Cherry plum" nyob rau hauv Caucasus thiab Transcaucasia, muaj ob peb qab zib, tab sis nws muaj citric thiab malic acids, vitamins ntawm pab pawg B, A, E thiab PP. Plum yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv pectins, calcium, magnesium, sodium, hlau, phosphorus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog lub tsev khaws khoom tiag tiag ntawm vitamin C. Qhov kub ntawm nws qhov kev puas tsuaj kuj nyob ntawm txhua yam uas tau piav qhia saum toj no. Piv txwv li, cherry plum compote yuav muaj tsawg dua ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj li tkemali sauce, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej piav qhia vitamin raug puas tsuaj sai dua nyob rau hauv seasoning yam tsis muaj kua ntxiv. Cherry plum muaj zogIb qhov chaw ntawm ascorbic acid kuj vim tias lwm cov kua qaub hauv nws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm cov dej-soluble vitamin.
Tshuaj ntawm lwm yam muaj txiaj ntsig kom sov
Qhov thib ob, tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb "tiv thaiv khaub thuas vitamin" kws kho mob xav txog vitamin D, uas tau pom zoo kom noj nrog rosehip infusion. Ntses roj, zaub roj thiab cheese nyob rau hauv lub off-season yuav tsum nyob rau txhua lub rooj. Thaum kub npaum li cas vitamin D puas lawm? Thaum kho cua sov, cov vitamins muaj roj-soluble (A, D, E, K) xyaum tsis txo lawv cov dej num thiab tsis raug puas tsuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vitamin D tuaj yeem tiv taus lub sijhawm kub kub hauv qhov chaw acidic, thiab nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig alkaline nws raug puas tsuaj sai. Nws paub tias ntawm qhov kub ntawm +232 degrees hauv qhov cub, cheese poob mus txog 25-30% ntawm cov vitamin "tiv thaiv khaub thuas" hauv 5 feeb. Nws paub tias rosehip, ntxiv rau vitamin C, kuj muaj vitamin P (rutin). Cov tshuaj no txhim kho cov nyhuv ntawm "ascorbic acid", thiab lawv cov kev siv ua ke yog qhov tsim nyog thaum muab tshuaj aspirin nrog sulfonamides kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, kho cov nyhuv ntawm capillaries. Cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm qhov kub npaum li cas vitamin P raug puas tsuaj zoo ib yam li cov lus pom zoo txog ascorbic acid. Ob cov vitamins no zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv ntau yam: ob qho tib si yog dej-soluble, ntshai tshav ntuj, raug oxygen thiab kub tib yam. Ntxiv nrog rau rosehips, rutin kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv lemons. Ntxiv thiab txhawb nqa ib leeg, cov vitamins no kuj tau qhia rau kev kho tshuaj tua kab mob mus ntev.
