Tsuas yog ob peb xyoos dhau los, tib neeg tsis tshua txhawj txog qhov teeb meem xws li ntshav qab zib. Tab sis hnub no txhua yam tau hloov lawm. Ntau lab tus tib neeg hauv peb lub ntiaj teb no txhawj xeeb txog cov piam thaj ntau. Thiab qhov no muaj nws tus kheej piav qhia. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv 2-3 lub xyoos dhau los, cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab zoo ntawm cov zaub mov noj los ntawm tib neeg tau muaj kev hloov loj heev. Cov neeg tau pib suav nrog ntau qab zib thiab ntau yam khoom qab zib, txhua yam khoom noj khoom haus, khoom noj yooj yim thiab zaub mov ceev hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Qhov xwm txheej no hnyav zuj zus los ntawm kev ntxhov siab tas mus li thiab lub neej niaj hnub no, uas muaj kev txav me me.
Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, ua ke nrog lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, ua rau qhov hnyav nce, qib roj cholesterol siab, thiab nce ntxiv hauv cov ntshav qab zib. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj teeb meem ntawm kev rog rog, nrog rau kev nce ntawm cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no tau nrog ntau dhau ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Hauv lub neej txhua hnub, qhov no yog hu ua cov suab thaj siab. Lub sijhawm kho mob rau tus mob no yog hyperglycemia. Raws li txoj cai, lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm xws li ib tug pathology yog ntshav qab zib. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntshav qab zib kuj tuaj yeem nce ntxiv vim muaj lwm yam teeb meem hauv lub cev. Vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim thiab yuav ua li cas rau qhov xwm txheej no?
Definition of the standard
Cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi thaum tsis muaj kab mob? Muaj qhov txwv tsis pub dhau rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov qauv. Kev tsom xam, uas tsuas yog muab thaum sawv ntxov thiab ib txwm nyob ntawm lub plab khoob, yuav tsum qhia ib qib ntawm 3.3 txog 5.5 millimoles ib liter. Ib txoj cai zoo sib xws siv rau cov poj niam thiab txiv neej, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 14 txog 65.
Peb caug feeb tom qab ib tug neeg tau noj, tus nqi nce. Ib teev tom qab, qhov concentration ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws. Tom qab 2 lossis 3 teev hauv lub cev ntawm tus neeg noj qab haus huv, qhov ntsuas no txo qis mus rau qhov qub.
Vim li cas ntshav qab zib nce? Yog vim li cas rau tshaj qhov ntsuas no yuav yog:
- physiological;
- ua rau overeating;
- ua rau muaj kab mob ntau yam.
Cia peb saib lawv ntxiv.
Physiological ua rau
Dab tsi ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Yog vim li cas tej zaum physiological deviations los ntawm tus qauv. Hauv qhov no, muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv kev noj cov piam thaj los ntawm lub cev. Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tau pom thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm lub cev. Qhov laj thawj yog qhov xav tau kom tau txais lub zog khaws cia los ntawm lub cev rau kev nqa tawmnqaij contraction work.
Vim li cas ntshav qab zib nce nrog kev raug mob thiab kub hnyiab? Qhov no yog txhawb los ntawm kev tso tawm ntau yam kev ntxhov siab cov tshuaj hormones, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog adrenaline. Kev tsim khoom ntau ntxiv ntawm cov khoom no ua rau:
- nce qib ntawm qabzib thiab insulin synthesis;
- tso cov piam thaj uas tau khaws cia hauv lub siab hauv daim ntawv ntawm glycogen.
Tab sis yog vim li cas ntshav qab zib nce thaum tsis muaj kab mob? Glycemia hauv tus neeg noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev haus luam yeeb. Qhov tseeb yog tias nicotine, pom nyob rau hauv luam yeeb, activates cov tshuaj hormones xws li somatotropin thiab cortisol. Qhov no ua rau dhia hauv qib qabzib.
Yog cov poj niam muaj ntshav qab zib siab, yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog:
- pib ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws;
- cev xeeb tub;
- noj diuretics lossis tswj kev yug menyuam.
Dab tsi ua rau tib neeg cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Hauv cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej, qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev tsis ua haujlwm, noj tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, corticosteroids, thiab beta-blockers.
Kab mob ua rau hyperglycemia
Dab tsi ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv hauv cov kab mob? Hyperglycemia tuaj yeem pom tsis yog hauv ntshav qab zib xwb. Cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv rau cov kab mob uas:
- Ymetabolize rog thiab carbohydrates;
- insulin thiab contra-insulin cov tshuaj hormones raug tsim.
Ntawm lawv yog cov kab mob ntawm lub raum thiab endocrine system, pancreas.
Ntxiv rau, qib qab zib hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv thaum:
- Wernicke's encephalopathy tshwm sim los ntawm vitamin B1 deficiency;
- dub acanthosis;
- mob hnyav (stroke, myocardial infarction, qaug dab peg, tom qab phais plab).
Nws raug sau tseg tias yog cov ntshav qab zib tau nce siab, ces cov tsos mob zoo sib xws feem ntau qhia tau tias tus neeg mob lub neej muaj kev phom sij. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas tau sau tseg hyperglycemia hauv cov neeg mob uas nkag mus hauv chav saib xyuas hnyav.
Kab mob pancreas
Dab tsi ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Feem ntau qhov no tshwm sim vim cov kab mob ntawm tus txiav. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog lub cev tseem ceeb uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv lub cev. Nws yog nyob rau hauv pancreas uas cov tshuaj hormones glucagon thiab insulin yog synthesized. Tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm lub cev no yog tswj los ntawm lub hlwb ua tsaug rau nws cov departments - lub hypothalamus thiab pituitary caj pas.
Nyob rau hauv tus neeg noj qab haus huv, nrog kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav, ib qho ntxiv ntawm insulin yog synthesized. Nws ua rau cov piam thaj tau noj, uas ua rau txo qis hauv nws cov concentration. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pathology, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub txiav txiav txo qis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin los ntawm lub cev no kuj txo qis. Qhov tsis muaj cov tshuaj no ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv.
kab mob endocrine
Dab tsi ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Yog hais tias ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo, ces theem ntawm qabzib nyob rau hauv nws lub cev yog tswj los ntawm ib txwm piv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tsim nyob rau hauv nws. Yog li, txhawm rau txo cov piam thaj hauv cov lus teb rau insulin. Ua kom nws cov tshuaj hormones contrainsular, uas yog:
- glucagon tsim los ntawm pancreas;
- adrenaline, cortisol, testosterone tsim los ntawm cov qog adrenal;
- thyroxine tsim los ntawm cov thyroid caj pas;
- somatotropin ua los ntawm pituitary caj pas.
Thaum cov kab mob endocrine ua haujlwm tsis zoo, qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj hormones saum toj no tso rau hauv cov ntshav nce. Qhov no ua rau muaj ntshav qab zib ntau ntxiv.
Thyroid disease
Dab tsi ua rau cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Qhov ua rau tuaj yeem ua rau cov thyroid caj pas puas. Pathology ntawm lub cev no yog nrog los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm carbohydrate metabolism. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau hyperglycemia. Qhov mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev txo qis hauv cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm cov thyroid caj pas.
Somatostatinoma
Kev nce cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav kuj yog vim muaj cov qog nqaij hlav pancreatic. Tus kab mob no hu ua somatostatinoma. Nws yog hormonal active. Thaum cov qog tshwm sim hauv pancreas, ib qho kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj hormones tshwm sim. Nws yog hu ua somatostatin. Cov tshuaj no inhibits kev tsim cov tshuaj insulin. Qhov no ua rau cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv. Cov cim qhia ntawm kev nce qib somatostatin yog:
- mob plab;
- poob phaus;
- txo qis hauv plab acidity;
- tshem tawm cov rog nrog quav.
Wernicke's Encephalopathy
Cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav kuj nce ntxiv vim tsis muaj vitamin B1 hauv lub cev. Tus kab mob no hu ua Wernicke's encephalopathy. Xws lipathology tsis yog tsuas yog nce ntshav qab zib xwb, tab sis kuj ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv qee qhov ntawm lub hlwb.
Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin B1 ua rau muaj peev xwm nqus cov piam thaj los ntawm cov paj hlwb. Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj li nce qib hauv cov hlab ntsha.
Cov laj thawj uas tau piav qhia saum toj no ua rau muaj cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv thaum sawv ntxov. Vim li cas ntshav qab zib nce thaum hmo ntuj? Qhov tshwm sim no tsuas yog txuas nrog kev noj zaub mov ntawm tus neeg noj zaub mov uas muaj carbohydrates thaum yav tsaus ntuj lossis tsuas yog overate.
Qhov no ua rau lub cev yuav tsum siv lub zog loj thiab txawm siv nws cov khoom seem. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj zaub mov thaum nruab hnub thiab nws ntau dhau thaum yav tsaus ntuj, cov txheej txheem metabolic yeej cuam tshuam, nrog rau cov piam thaj ib txwm muaj. Kev noj zaub mov kom raug thiab noj zaub mov kom txo tau nws.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm hyperglycemia
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav qab zib siab yuav qhia tau cov hauv qab no:
- nqhis dej tas li;
- daim tawv nqaij qhuav thiab mucous daim nyias nyias;
- tso zis ntau dhau, suav nrog kev mus ncig ntau zaus thaum hmo ntuj, uas tsis nrog mob;
- hnyav nce lossis, hloov pauv, poob phaus;
- kiv taub hau;
- pom kev tsis zoo;
- daim tawv nqaij khaus khaus;
- nce qab los;
- chim siab;
- txo qis hauv kev ua haujlwm;
- hnub pw tsaug zog;
- tawm hws hnyav;
- kev xav tsis thoob.
Ib tugCov cim qhia tsis ncaj ntawm hyperglycemia tuaj yeem yog cov kab mob sib kis ntawm cov zis.
Ib qho cim ntawm kev nce ntshav qab zib kuj yog qhov nyiam ntawm lub cev rau cov kab mob fungal ntawm qhov chaw mos, tawv nqaij thiab qhov ncauj mucosa.
khoom cuam tshuam
Ntau tus neeg yuam kev ntseeg tias thaum muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce ntxiv, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov khoom no, thiab txhua yam yuav rov qab zoo li qub tom qab ntawd. Qhov kev nkag siab no yog qhov yooj yim dua. Tom qab tag nrho, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov piam thaj rau peb lub cev yog carbohydrates. Thiab lawv yog ib feem ntawm ib yam khoom.
Los ntawm lawv cov qauv tshuaj, carbohydrates yog:
- Simple (monomers). Hom carbohydrate no hu ua nrawm, vim tias thaum lawv noj, cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav nce siab heev.
- Slow (polysaccharides). Cov carbohydrates no nce ntshav qab zib maj mam.
Yog tias cov ntshav qab zib nce siab tom qab noj mov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev noj haus uas muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov uas muaj cov carbohydrates qeeb. Monomers yuav tsum raug cais tawm hauv qhov no.
Yuav ua li cas yog ntshav qab zib nce? Koj tuaj yeem txo nws cov lus qhia yam tsis muaj tshuaj thiab npaj tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov:
- zaub tshiab;
- berries;
- nqaij qaib nqaij qaib (tsis muaj tawv nqaij), nrog rau ntses;
- khoom muaj ntau cov ntxhibfiber ntau;
- porridge (tsuas yog mov);
- txiv apples tshiab, txiv duaj, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, apricots thiab lawv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- khoom cuav lossis natural analogues ntawm qab zib.
Yog li cais tawm ntawm kev noj haus yuav tsum yog:
- kab thiab beet qab zib;
- fried foods;
- ketchups thiab mayonnaise;
- -qab ntsev thiab pickled zaub mov;
- khob cij dawb thiab pastries;
- khoom qab zib.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj coj cov piam thaj kom zoo?
Yog cov ntshav qab zib tau nce siab, kuv yuav ua li cas? Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tau sai thiab tseem ua tau zoo coj nws qib mus rau qhov qub nrog kev pab los ntawm kev kho mob hauv tsev.
Tsuas yog cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb xwb thiaj li tso cai ua qhov no. Ntawm lawv:
- glinides;
- Ysulfonylurea derivatives;
- biguanides.
Cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab lawv cov koob tshuaj yuav tsum raug pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob. Kev tswj hwm tus kheej ntawm cov nyiaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Tswv yim tswv yim
Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov ntshav qab zib nce siab? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum ua qhov tsim nyog hloov kho rau kev noj haus. Thaum sau cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, koj yuav tsum suav nrog cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie tsawg thiab qhov ntsuas glycemic me me. Kev noj haus yog pom zoo kom nqa tawm hauv me me, uas yog 5-6 zaug hauv ib hnub. Xws li kev noj haus yuav ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov piam thaj los ntawm lub cev, uas yuav txo cov load raupancreas. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai golden. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv tsis kam noj zaub mov tom qab 18 teev. Lub sijhawm noj mov zoo li no yuav ua rau kom pw tsaug zog thiab yuav tsis tso cai rau lub cev kom muaj roj ntau hauv lub cev.
Txawm kom coj cov ntshav qab zib kom zoo, tsis txhob tso tseg kev ua lub cev ib yam nkaus. Cov neeg uas nws ua haujlwm yog qhov zoo li qub, nws yuav tsum tau ua txhua hnub kev tawm dag zog lub cev thiab taug kev ntawm kev taug kev ntawm 7-10 mais. Tag nrho cov no yuav tshem tawm cov calories ntxiv, ua kom lub cev muaj oxygen thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem metabolic.
Cov neeg mob hyperglycemia yuav tsum nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias qab zib yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov carbohydrates ceev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem muaj calorie ntau ntau. Tias yog vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau hloov nrog qhov sib npaug qab zib, tab sis tib lub sij hawm tsawg-calorie thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb analogue. Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam sweeteners. Qee tus ntawm lawv yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws. Piv txwv li xylitol thiab aspartame. Lwm tus yog tau los ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Piv txwv li, stevia thiab fructose.
kev kho neeg zoo
Hauv kev kho mob hyperglycemia, ib tus yuav tsum tsis txhob nrhiav txoj hauv kev uas yuav tso cai rau ib hnub kom txo qis, coj mus rau qhov qub, qib qab zib hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov kev zoo sib xws hauv lwm cov tshuaj tsis muaj nyob. Tag nrho cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj pom zoo los ntawm nws pab txhawb kom qis qis hauv cov piam thaj. Xav txog qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm lawv:
- Decoction of oats. Daim ntawv qhia no yooj yim heev. Npaj tshuajtxhais tau tias koj yuav tsum tau noj oatmeal nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm ib khob, nyob rau hauv uas ntxiv 600 ml ntawm boiling dej. Lub resulting sib tov yog boiled rau 15 feeb tshaj tsawg tshav kub. Tom ntej no, lub broth yuav tsum tau infused. Ua li no, nws yog txaus los faib 20 feeb. Noj cov khoom tiav peb zaug ib hnub rau 1/3 khob. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias qhov sib tov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub plab zom mov.
- Decoction ntawm chicory cag. Cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov txiav txiav thiab tso cai rau koj txo cov ntshav qab zib. Txhawm rau npaj cov tshuaj, koj xav tau 1 tsp. chicory keeb kwm, uas yuav tsum xub crushed. Cov khoom nyoos yog poured 1 tbsp. boiling dej. On tsawg tshav kub, qhov sib tov yog boiled rau 10 feeb. Cov dej txias txias yog suav tias yog npaj tau txais. Cov koob tshuaj pom zoo yog 5 ml txog tsib zaug hauv ib hnub.
- Decoction of noog cherry. Txoj kev kho no hauv lwm cov tshuaj yog suav tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv nws qhov kev npaj, cherry berries yog siv. Lawv yuav tsum noj 1 tbsp. l. ces ncuav ib khob ntawm boiling dej. Qhov sib tov no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub me me thiab coj mus rau boil. Tom qab 3 feeb, cov tshuaj yuav siv tau rau kev kho mob. Haus nws rau ib hlis rau ½ tbsp. peb zaug ib hnub twg. Tom qab so, chav kawm tuaj yeem rov ua dua.
- Hloov tshuaj yej. Nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm cov tshuaj potions, cov tshuaj ntsuab yog siv uas, vim lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, muaj peev xwm txo cov ntshav qab zib. Ntawm lawv yog St. John's wort thiab clover, txiv qaub paj, nrog rau currant thiab lingonberry nplooj. Tag nrho cov khoom no tau muab coj los sib npaug. Lawv ua tib zoo crushed, thiab tom qab 1 tbsp. ncuav ib diav ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib khob ntawm boiling dej. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj yej yog sab laug rauinfusion ntawm sib tov rau 15 feeb. Cov tshuaj no noj ob zaug ib hnub.
Yog li, peb tau txiav txim siab cov lus teb rau lo lus nug vim li cas ntshav qab zib tau nce. Cov laj thawj ntawm qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Txhawm rau tshem tawm nws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus ntsib kws kho mob.
