Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids?

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Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids?
Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids?
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Nyob rau hauv peb lub caij sib tw nrawm, ntau yam kab mob tseem hluas. Ntau zuj zus, cov poj niam ntawm lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj qhov txaus ntshai ntawm cov uterine fibroids. Cov neeg mob heev muaj kev poob siab thaum tus kws kho mob gynecologist qhia lawv txog kev kuaj mob. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav saib qhov txaus ntshai ntawm nodular fibroids. Puas muaj txoj hauv kev los kho tus kab mob sai sai. Puas yog nws muaj peev xwm zam tau tus kab mob no thiab nws txoj kev kho mob yog dab tsi yog tias qhov tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim.

Los ntawm tsab xov xwm koj kuj tseem yuav kawm paub tias fibroids txaus ntshai npaum li cas thaum cev xeeb tub thiab seb nws tus kheej puas ua tau rau qhov no. Fibroids muab piv rau qhov loj ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab thaum cev xeeb tub los txiav txim qhov loj ntawm cov qog. Lub pob qhov rooj yog suav tias yog me me txog li 5-7 lub lis piam, nruab nrab - txog 7-11, loj - ntau dua 12.

Puas yog fibroids txaus ntshai?

Yog uterine fibroids ua rau txoj sia. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim hauv 40% ntawm cov poj niam hluas. Raws li lub tswv yim niaj hnub no, uterine fibroids yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab benign qog uas tsim los ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub tsev menyuam hauvnode daim ntawv. Lub neoplasm yog ib qho tangle ntawm randomly intertwining smooth nqaij fibers, uas yog pom rau tus kws kho mob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug sib npaug zos tsim thiab hu ua "myoma knot" (myomatous knot).

Tus kab mob tseem ceeb:

  • tus cwj pwm phem;
  • mob uterine;
  • hormonal ntshawv siab.

Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm nodular uterine fibroids? Kev kuaj mob yuav tsum tau, thaum lub sij hawm nws yuav raug nthuav tawm seb lub fibroid yog ib tug benign los yog malignant neoplasm. Yog hais tias cov qog yog qhov kawg, ces uterine fibroids yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob. Kev phais yuav tsum tau ua, thiab qee zaum kom sai li sai tau. Kev kho ntxiv thiab tiv thaiv kev rov qab los yog ua raws li tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg.

fibroid qhov ntau thiab tsawg
fibroid qhov ntau thiab tsawg

kev kawm zoo

Qhov xwm txheej ntawm neoplasm nyob ntawm keeb kwm hormonal thiab feem ntau benign. Qhov no tsis txo qis tus neeg mob tus mob, xws li qee zaum nws ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Uterine fibroids yog kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Raws li kev txheeb cais, myomatous nodes pom nyob rau hauv 30% ntawm cov poj niam hnub nyoog 25-45 xyoo. Lawv txawv ntawm cov duab, qhov ntau, qhov chaw. Qee cov fibroids loj hlob sai, lwm tus maj mam, tab sis txhua tus ncav cuag qhov loj heev yog tias koj tsis hu rau tus kws tshaj lij hauv lub sijhawm!

Kev loj hlob ntawm fibroids pib ntawm lub embryonic theem, thaum lub hlwb nrog hloov pauv hloov pauv. Tom qab ntawd, kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg nqaij tsis sib xws, puas thiab muaj cov qog hauv lawv cov qauv, pib. ATKev loj hlob ntxiv ntawm fibroids tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam.

Yog vim li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasms

Kev tsim cov kab mob fibroid tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab hnub nyoog raws li kev sib txuam ntawm cov noob hloov pauv thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlwb uas ua rau cov qog loj hlob. Kwv yees li 10 xyoo dhau los txij li lub sijhawm cov kev hloov pauv pib mus rau kev loj hlob ntawm qog.

Qhov ua rau muaj tus kabmob hauv 80% ntawm cov neeg mob yog los ntawm caj ces. Cov poj niam uas nws thawj cov txheeb ze (niam, pog, cov muam) muaj uterine fibroids muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov qog no 4 zaug ntau dua li lwm tus poj niam sawv cev.

dab tsi yog uterine fibroids
dab tsi yog uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids yog cov qog nqaij hlav zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Txog niaj hnub no, tsis muaj tshuaj kho tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm neoplasm.

leej twg yuav mob ntau dua

Cov yam tseem ceeb rau kev tsim tus kab mob no lossis kev loj hlob ntawm cov uterine fibroids uas twb muaj lawm:

  1. Hormonal hloov.
  2. Irregular or tsis muaj kev sib deev lub neej.
  3. pib lub sijhawm pib.
  4. Tsis muaj menyuam thiab yug menyuam.
  5. Kev tsis lees paub (lossis tsis tuaj yeem) ntawm kev pub niam mis.
  6. Impaired fat metabolism.

Ib qho tsos mob ceeb uas tus poj niam yuav tsum ceev faj tam sim ntawd yog kev coj khaub ncaws ntau dua, lawv lub sijhawm. Thaum kawg, los ntshav tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav rau ib hlis, txuas ntxiv mus rau sab nraud (metrorrhagia), ua ntau dua lossis tsawg dua.ntau.

Ntau tus poj niam nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no dhau mus thiab vam tias txhua yam, raws li nws pib los ntawm nws tus kheej, yuav xaus, thiab tsis nrhiav kev pab. Qhov tseeb, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib ib tug poj niam kws kho mob sai li sai tau! Sij hawm dhau mus, yog tias tus neeg mob tsis nrhiav kev pab, qhov no yuav ua rau muaj ntshav tsis txaus.

myoma nrog menopause
myoma nrog menopause

Cov poj niam uas nyob rau lub caij nyoog poj niam yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv cov poj niam txoj kev noj qab haus huv thaum lub sijhawm no, vim tias lub hnub nyoog no hloov pauv hormonal hauv lub cev tshwm sim thiab ntau yam kab mob tshwm sim. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog lub zog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov uas twb muaj lawm uas tsis tau kuaj pom uterine fibroids lossis lawv hloov mus rau theem malignant.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm fibroids rau poj niam kev noj qab haus huv

Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm uterine fibroids? Myoma nodes loj hlob qeeb heev, thaum xub thawj lawv yog benign, tsis ua rau muaj mob thiab tsis yooj yim, tsim thiab siv ntau thiab ntau qhov chaw. Yog tias koj tsis pib kho fibroids thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, nws yuav loj heev nrog los ntshav hnyav thiab qhov no tuaj yeem xaus rau hauv kev xeeb tub los yog cell degeneration mus rau hauv cov qog malignant. Tsuas yog 30% ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 30 xyoo yuav muaj cov tsos mob tsis zoo. Yog li, ntawm ib qho chaw, fibroids pib hem tus poj niam lub neej.

Uterine fibroids yog qhov txaus ntshai heev vim tias thaum pib tus kab mob no asymptomatic. Lub pob tau pom los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum kuaj mob, ntawm ultrasound. Nws kuj tshwm sim tias tus kab mob tau txais daim ntawv malignant thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ua tau, qhov ntawd yog qhov txaus ntshaifibroids.

YMalignant neoplasm

Degeneration rau hauv daim ntawv malignant cuam tshuam los ntawm:

  1. Kev haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv.
  2. Ntau tan.
  3. kab mob hauv plab hnyuv.
  4. Pelvic warming.

Dab tsi yog qhov txaus ntshai nodular fibroids? Yog tias nws tsis pom nyob rau lub sijhawm, nws loj hlob, nce thiab siv ntau qhov chaw. Muaj qhov loj me txaus ntshai, fibroids ua rau muaj kab mob sib kis.

Nws pib ua rau lub plab plab uas nyob ib sab ntawm nws (lub zais zis, qhov quav, leeg, thiab lwm yam). Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, ua rau muaj teeb meem loj nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub urinary system. Ib tug poj niam muaj teeb meem nrog kev tso zis, nws yuav tsum tau mus rau chav dej ntau zaus, tso zis tsis tuaj yeem ua tau thiab mob plab mob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim. Thiab lub siab ntawm lub qhov quav ua rau cem quav.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog sai li sai tau thaum tus kws kho mob tau kuaj pom tus kab mob no, ua raws nws cov lus pom zoo. Ua li no, ntau yam teeb meem tuaj yeem zam tau. Ib xyoos ib zaug, txhua tus poj niam yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist, ua ultrasound scan thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab mob loj thaum pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob los yog xyuas kom meej tias lawv tsis tuaj. Ib qho fibroid yog ib qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg uas tshwm sim hauv tsev menyuam thiab yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawd, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, kev phais.

Uterine fibroids thiab cev xeeb tub

uterine fibroids thaum cev xeeb tub
uterine fibroids thaum cev xeeb tub

Txhua yam kev hloov pauv no tshwm sim hauv poj niam lub cev thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam. txaus ntshaiseb fibroids thaum cev xeeb tub. Ib tug poj niam uas muaj myomatous node kuj yuav xeeb tub. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj, txij li thaum pib tus kab mob no asymptomatic, thiab tus poj niam tsis hnov tsw thiab tsis paub txog nws.

Kev xeeb tub tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ntau theem ntawm cev xeeb tub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, feem ntau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm myomatous nodes, uas yog txuam nrog hormonal hloov nyob rau hauv tus poj niam lub cev. Lawv nce, soften, ua mobile ntau.

Kev phom sij ntawm kev loj hlob thaum cev xeeb tub

Dab tsi yog qhov phom sij ntawm fibroids? Cov nodules loj deform lub uterine kab noj hniav, tsim ib tug txaus ntshai rau tus me nyuam, uas ua rau fetal hypoxia, kev hem thawj ntawm nchuav menyuam.

Cov teeb meem loj muaj xws li:

  • necrosis ntawm uterine myoma node:
  • placental insufficiency, thaum lub placenta coincides nrog qhov chaw ntawm myoma node;
  • varicose veins vim yog cov uterine fibroids loj compressing cov leeg;
  • preterm yug.

Nyob rau hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nchuav menyuam hauv cov poj niam uas muaj uterine fibroids yog 47 - 50%.

Kev tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub nrog uterine myoma

cev xeeb tub thiab myoma
cev xeeb tub thiab myoma

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub pob, ntawm nws qhov chaw, thiab hnub nyoog thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus poj niam lub cev kuj tseem ceeb heev. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xa khoom nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm fibroids, nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, txhua yam tshwm sim txawv.

Yog tias cev xeeb tub tsis tu ncua, tus niam uas muaj kev cia siab yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist thiabtag nrho cov kws kho mob tau sau tseg. Feem ntau, tom qab yug menyuam, tsis muaj lus nug txog kev tswj kev pub niam mis, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau kev pub mis mis nyuj.

Yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd kho tus neeg mob mus rau lub tsev kho mob, qhov kev kho mob txuas ntxiv mus. Kev ua txhaum ntawm kev cog lus thaum yug menyuam muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Kev cog lus ua tsis zoo, thiab kev sim ua tsis muaj zog thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Tus kab mob no ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob thiab tus menyuam, ua rau muaj kev phais.

Cov txheej txheem kuaj mob niaj hnub

Tam sim no, ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob ntxov ntawm fibroids yog:

  1. YUltrasound.
  2. txoj kev tshawb fawb radial.

Tau ntau xyoo, txoj kev raug tshaj plaws ntawm kev kuaj mob uterine thiab ua raws li tau ua ultrasound. Nws tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas qhov txaus ntshai ntawm fibroids. Ntawm ultrasound, koj tuaj yeem pom cov pob me me (txog li 1 cm loj), uas tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom los ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev thaum kuaj gynecological. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws siv yog 3D-4D ultrasound, nyiam dua xim Doppler daim ntawv qhia. Qhov no yuav raug txiav txim siab txog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm uterine fibroids, nws thaj chaw thiab kev cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig, nrog rau cov ntshav ntws ze.

MRI kev kuaj mob ntawm uterine fibroids
MRI kev kuaj mob ntawm uterine fibroids

Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog ultrasound nrog echohysterography. Thaum kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov kua dej sib txawv yog txhaj, uas yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sib txawv fibroids ntawm lub cev ntawm lub tsev menyuam,polyps thiab endometrium, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm lub pob, qhov loj me thiab qhov txaus ntshai nws tshwm sim.

Radiation diagnostic txoj kev muaj xws li kev siv xam los yog magnetic resonance imaging, multislice xam tomography. Cov hau kev no tsis tau siv dav vim tias lawv muaj hluav taws xob loj ntawm lub cev tag nrho.

Tab sis lawv ua ncaj ncees rau lawv tus kheej hauv kev kuaj mob ntawm cov pob txha loj, thaum fibroids ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus neeg mob, kom paub meej qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov nodes, yog tias nws tsis pom meej ntawm ultrasound, dab tsi txaus ntshai rau qhov no pathology. Lawv pab txiav txim siab qhov sib piv ntawm cov qog nrog cov kab mob thiab cov kab ke, kom meej meej cov ciam teb ntawm kev tsim, thiab tseem yuav nrhiav tau cov hlab ntsha uas pub cov node, uas yuav siv tau thaum lub sij hawm embolization.

Kev faib tawm ntawm neoplasm los ntawm qhov loj

tshem tawm fibroids
tshem tawm fibroids

Qhov fibroid twg txaus ntshai? Fibroids tuaj yeem faib ua qhov loj me:

  • me me fibroids tsawg dua 2 cm;
  • nruab nrab fibroids ntawm 2.1 cm txog 6.9 cm;
  • loj fibroids ntawm 6.9 cm mus rau 10 cm;
  • loj fibroids, thaum lub pob nce mus txog qhov loj dua 10 cm.

Uterine fibroids ua qhov txaus ntshai loj thaum cov nodes ncav cuag qhov nruab nrab.

kev kho mob yooj yim

Kev txheeb xyuas tus kab mob nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev loj hlob hauv daim ntawv me me tsuas yog xav tau kev soj ntsuam xwb. Tab sis yuav ua li cas yog qhov node pib loj hlob? Qhov kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev ntawm cov fibroid, cov kev npaj ua me nyuam ntawm tus neeg mob, cov kab mob concomitant.

Muaj peb txoj kev kho mob:

  1. tshuaj.
  2. Kev phais.
  3. Ray.

Feem ntau, tus neeg mob uas muaj qhov nruab nrab qhov loj me, nws tsis npaj yuav yug thiab tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam rau nws, yog nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam zoo. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib tug poj niam yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob gynecologist txhua 3-6 lub hlis rau kev kuaj mob lossis ultrasound.

Tseem kuj tseem muaj txoj hauv kev kho mob rau kev kho mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam nodular fibroids. Nws lub hom phiaj los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntshav thiab cov ntshav poob. Txoj kev siv tshuaj tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev npaj npaj preoperative kom ruaj khov txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntawm no. Tsis ntev los no, ntau zaus koj tuaj yeem ua tau raws li kev xav tias kev kho mob ntawm uterine fibroids yog ua tau nrog kev siv tshuaj hormones. Txoj kev no rau qee lub sijhawm tso cai rau koj ncua sijhawm lossis tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm kev kho mob phais.

Muaj 3 txoj kev kho mob phais:

  • tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam (hysterectomy);
  • kev saib xyuas myomectomy (tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov node, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txuag lub tsev menyuam);
  • hysteroresectoscopy (ua los ntawm kev siv cov cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis uas tso cai rau koj los tswj txhua qhov kev tswj hwm hauv lub tsev menyuam, uas tshem tawm cov teeb meem tom qab phais tas).

Kev xaiv kev kho mob phais yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub pob thiab nws qhov chaw, nrog rau kev txawj ntawm tus kws phais. Nws tsuas yog ua hauv cov tsev kho mob tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog.

Kev kho hluav taws xob muaj xws li uterine hlab ntsha embolization thiab sib nqus resonance FUS ablation. Cov txheej txheem no txwv tsis pub siv lawv.vim lawv tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo rau cov poj niam npaj cev xeeb tub vim muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov teeb meem. Txoj kev kho mob tsuas yog xaiv tus kheej xwb.

Pom zoo: