Kev kho dua tshiab nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo hauv kev kho hniav. Niaj hnub no nws yog nrov. Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no, peb yuav saib seb cov hniav rov qab li cas nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, cov duab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig, qhov zoo, tus nqi thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txheej txheem no.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb
Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov polymers sib txawv ntawm cov viscosity. Niaj hnub no lawv tau siv los kho cov hniav hauv kev zoo nkauj thiab kho hniav. Lawv cov qauv yuav tsum muaj cov organic matrix, ib qho inorganic muab tub lim thiab silane txuas rau lawv.
Qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hniav yuav ua tiav tiav yog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tus kws tshaj lij. Qhov no tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua kom yooj yim sau.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Cia peb mus saib lawv. Kev kho cov hniavCov khoom sib xyaw muaj ntau yam zoo:
- Cov txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav. Composites sib txawv ntawm cov xim. Tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv tau cov khoom uas yuav tsis txawv ntawm cov xim ntawm tus neeg mob lub ntuj enamel.
- Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev zom zaub mov. Composite restoration ntawm cov hniav ua rau nws ua tau kom rov qab zom cov hniav ntawm cov hniav. Tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg tuaj yeem noj tau zoo, tsis muaj qhov tsis xis nyob thiab mob.
- Lub sijhawm ntawm tus txheej txheem. Ib zaug mus ntsib kws kho hniav yuav txaus los daws cov teeb meem nrog ob peb cov hniav los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke.
- Txoj kev no yog ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv kho kom zoo tshaj plaws uas khaws cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv.
- Tus nqi pheej yig. Tus nqi ntawm tus txheej txheem kuj qis.
Kev kho kom rov qab los kuj muaj lawv qhov tsis zoo. Cov no suav nrog:
- Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txiav txim tsis raug los ntawm kws kho hniav ntawm hom khoom sib xyaw. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov khoom yuav nyuaj dhau los yog mos heev rau ib hom hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tej zaum nws yuav tsis phim cov xim.
- Composites tsawg dua nti thiab stain resistant dua ceramics.
- Piv rau kub thiab plooj (porcelain), cov khoom sib xyaw yuav tsis kav ntev li.
- Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw khaws lawv cov xim xim rau 3-4 xyoos xwb.
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob rov muaj dua yog ntau dua li cov ceramics.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Zoo li txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam kev phais, kev kho hniav sib xyaw muaj qee yam qhia rau kev siv. Cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom ua cov txheej txheem no hauv cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
- Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj ntawm cov hniav. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho kev hloov ntawm cov duab los yog xim ntawm cov incisors, uas tsis yog-physiological localization nyob rau hauv kab.
- Taws los yog tawg lub kaus tom qab raug mob.
- Caries lossis lwm yam kab mob: yaig ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, enamel hypoplasia.
- Kev tsim ntawm ib qho kev tsim incisor raws li lub hauv paus uas twb muaj lawm.
- Kev tsis haum ntawm me me incisors. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, prosthetics nrog ib tug nplaum nplaum yuav pab kho qhov teeb meem no.
YContraindications
Hmoov tsis zoo, kev kho kom rov zoo tsis yog rau txhua tus. Hom kev cuam tshuam no tsis tuaj yeem ua tau yog tias tus neeg mob muaj lub pacemaker. Qhov teeb meem yog tias photopolymerizer tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov mem tes zaus ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab ua rau lub plawv nres. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho dua tshiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog qee qhov kev kho hniav uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab noj hniav los ntawm kev nkag mus ntawm noo noo. Contraindications kuj muaj xws li kev tsis haum tshuaj rau ib tug neeg cov ntsiab lus ntawm composite.
Muaj cov txheeb ze contraindications. Cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tso cai nrog lawv kho. Cov no suav nrog:
- Bruxism.
- Kev huv ntawm qhov ncauj tsis txaus.
- Muaj tseeb.
- Incisor defect.
- Ntau enamel hnav.
- Kev kis las kis las.
Cov khoom siv
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hniav sib xyaw yog dab tsi? Cov duab ntawm cov neeg mob tom qab cov txheej txheem qhia tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv siv tau ua kom tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj ntawm incisors. Cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv xim, hardness thiab cov qauv ntom. Niaj hnub no hauv kev kho hniav muaj ntau yam kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov khoom sib txawv, yog li koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov kev cai hauv qab no feem ntau yog tsim rau cov ntaub ntawv:
- Ntau zog (tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum nws los txog rau kev kho cov hniav zom).
- High radiopacity (simplifies diagnosis).
- Zoo adhesion kom noj qab nyob zoo.
- Yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv, yooj yim ntawm kev tsim cov yas.
- Long service life.
- Tsawg zaus ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj.
- Ua raws li qhov gloss, xim thiab qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntuj.
- Hais txog lub cev lub cev, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog ze li sai tau rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov hniav, uas ua kom cov zom zom tau yooj yim.
- Versatility (cov khoom siv tib yam tuaj yeem siv rau ob qho tib si anterior composite restorations thiab lwm yam txheej txheem).
- Muaj (cov khoom sib xyaw yog pheej yig dua li lwm yam khoom siv hauv kev kho hniav kho hniav).
Txoj Cai Xaiv
Ua ntej pib nrog kev kho cov hniav sib xyaw, tus kws kho mobyuav tsum xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Hom hniav puas thiab nws qhov chaw.
- Enamel ntxoov ntxoo.
- Lub xeev ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tus hniav.
- hom kev siv.
Txhua cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tau muab faib ua ob hom nyob ntawm kev siv:
- Indirect. Rau lawv hardening, cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb yog siv. Cov txheej txheem tsim kom muaj zog yuav tshwm sim sab nraum lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Cov kev xaiv zoo li no raug suav hais tias yog qhov txuas ntxiv. Lawv tau siv los npog qhov chaw loj hauv nruab nrab, tsim cov veneers, txuas hniav, inlays thiab crowns.
- Ncaj nraim. Lawv harden nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub tes tuav laser ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yog siv los sau cov chaw me me thiab cov kab noj hniav nrog cov kev hloov me me ntawm qhov ntev thiab cov duab ntawm cov hniav.
Txoj Kev Txhim Kho
Yuav ua li cas kho cov hniav sib xyaw ua ke? Qhov kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev yog txiav txim los ntawm hom kev cuam tshuam cov hniav (frontal lossis zom), nrog rau qhov kev puas tsuaj.
Cia peb xav txog lawv kom ntxaws:
- Veneers. Lawv yog nyias daim hlau tsim los npog cov hniav nto. Hom kev kho dua tshiab no yog ua los kho qhov muag pom kev kho hniav thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau sab nraud. Cov veneers tuaj yeem siv los npog qhov khoob ntawm cov hniav, nrog rau tshem tawm cov lus daj ntawm cov hniav enamel. Veneers yog tsim los ntawm kws kho hniav lossis kws kho hniav. Cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm ncaj qha rau hauv tus neeg mob lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Yav dhau los, tus kws kho mob, tom qab tshuaj loog hauv zos, tshem tawm ib feem ntawm cov enamel kom cov veneer tsis mus dhau ntawm cov hniav. Tom qab ntawd, qhov chaw sib cuag yog ntxuav thiab degreased, thiab kuj kho nrog ib tug antiseptic. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw yog siv rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg rau saum npoo. Txhua txheej yog qhuav nrog lub teeb tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau theem kawg, qhov saum npoo ntawm veneer yog hauv av thiab zoo li tus. Yog li, kev kho cov hniav anterior nrog cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem ua tiav.
- Tab. Qhov no yog ib qho kev xav ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw uas duplicates saum npoo ntawm cov hniav. Cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm txoj kev tsis ncaj ncees. Cov tab sib xyaw yog ntsia hauv ob theem. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob ua cov hniav uas cuam tshuam thiab muab pov tseg ntawm cov hniav. Qhov no yuav pab txhais cov qauv ntawm cov hniav thiab tom. Nyob rau tib theem, cov xim ntawm lub tab yog txiav txim siab. Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho mob teem ib ntus analogue. Lub inlay nws tus kheej yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke raws li cov duab ntawm cov cam khwb cia. Nws raug ntsia thaum rov mus ntsib kws kho hniav. Rau kev teeb tsa, siv cov nplaum tshwj xeeb. Ciam teb ntawm lub tab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo polished. Cov txheej txheem no tsis tshua muaj kev xaiv niaj hnub no vim nws qhov ua haujlwm qis. Tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm cov txheej txheem yog siab.
- Tau. Lawv tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Thawj kauj ruam yog npaj cov hniav kab noj hniav. Qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub tshuab txiav yog drilled thiab muab cov duab zoo. Tom qab ntawd, qhov saum npoo yog ntxuav kom zoo dua adhesion rau cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov hniav yog cais los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov kua xov xwm thiab nyob rau hauvHauv 15 vib nas this, etched nrog phosphoric acid. Tom ntej no, ib qho kev tivthaiv yog siv, uas hardens nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm photopolymerizer. Flowable los yog elastic composite yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Lub thickness ntawm txhua txheej yog kwv yees li 2 hli. Qhov no yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav harden kom zoo. Thaum thov cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, tus kws kho hniav feem ntau muab cov hniav zoo li lub cev. Ua ntej qhov kawg polishing, tus kws kho mob xyuas qhov tom. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov txhaws yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau tsis xis nyob rau tus neeg mob thaum zom.
Ib ntu ntawm kev ua
Cia peb saib cov theem ntawm kev kho cov hniav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw:
- Kev Npaj. Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau ua ib tug kws tu, tshem tawm cov quav hniav. Tom qab ntawd qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog nqa tawm. Nws yuav tsum muaj cov qauv thiab xim uas phim tus neeg mob cov hniav. Nyob rau theem no, tshuaj loog hauv zos feem ntau ua.
- Lub ntsiab theem. Tus kws kho hniav xyaum tawm qhov chaw puas ntawm cov hniav, cais lawv ntawm cov qaub ncaug siv paj rwb swabs lossis cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Tom qab ntawd, cov khoom sib xyaw yog siv rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab cov pins raug ntsia.
- Cov kauj ruam kawg yog polishing thiab sib tsoo cov hniav ntawm cov hniav, nrog rau txheej txheej nrog fluoride varnish.
nyiaj txiag
Tus nqi kho hniav sib xyaw ua ke ntau npaum li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg mob paub tseeb tias cov txheej txheem no pheej yig heev. Tus nqi nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam, txoj kev kho dua tshiab, thiabkuj tau siv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, kev txhim kho ib tug filling los ntawm ib tug composite ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo nyob rau hauv ib tug crown yuav raug nqi 2,000 rubles. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov hniav yuav raug nqi txog 4 txhiab rubles. Kev txhim kho veneer yog kwv yees ntawm tib tus nqi. Txoj kev kim tshaj plaws yog kev teeb tsa ntawm lub tab sib xyaw. Nws raug nqi los ntawm 7 txhiab rubles. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tseem yuav tau them cov tshuaj loog, kho tus pin, fluoridation thiab ntau yam kev kho mob ua ntej siv cov khoom sib xyaw.
Reviews
Kev kho hniav puas zoo li cas? Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab cov duab thaij ua ntej thiab tom qab txheej txheem tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no. veneers tuaj yeem siv los ua kom cov enamel tsaus, nrog rau txhawm rau nkaum ntau yam tsis xws luag.
Rau cov neeg koom nrog kev ua kis las, kev kho cov hniav nrog cov khoom sib xyaw tuaj yeem yog txoj kev cawm seej tiag tiag. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov hniav ncaj thiab muaj zog uas yuav luag indistinguishable ntawm koj tus kheej. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem suav nrog:
- Kev txwv ntawm hom zaub mov (tsis yog txhua yam tuaj yeem zom nrog cov hniav zoo li no).
- Kev mob hnyav txawm tias muaj tshuaj loog.
- Fragility.
Zoo kawg
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tau tham nyob rau hauv kom meej yuav ua li cas composite hniav restoration ua hauj lwm. Cov duab thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg mob, nrog rau cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hais txog kev siv qhov nomethod.
