Cov qog adrenal yog ib qho khoom ua ke ntawm tib neeg endocrine system. Cov teeb meem feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lawv txoj kev ua txhaum cai yog hypofunction thiab hyperfunction. Hauv thawj kis, cov qog endocrine ua ke poob lawv lub peev xwm los tsim cov tshuaj hormones txaus, thiab qhov thib ob, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, lawv tsim ntau dhau.
Cov qog adrenal yog dab tsi?
Cov kab mob endocrine no yog ib khub me me ntawm cov qog nyob rau saum lub raum. Cov qog adrenal sab xis yog zoo li daim duab peb sab, thaum sab laug yog zoo li lub crescent.
Cov tshuaj hormones tsim los ntawm cov khoom nruab nrog cev no nkag mus rau hauv kev ncig thiab tseem ceeb rau lub neej ntawm lub cev. Txhua lub qog adrenal yog tsim los ntawm ob qhov sib txawv: sab hauv medulla thiab txheej txheej cortical. Qee qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem ua rau cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog no, ob qho tib si hauv kev coj ua kom txo qis kev ua haujlwm thiab nce nws.
Kev faib tawm ntawm adrenal hyperfunction
Lub cortex ntawm cov qog ua ke no muaj cov medulla, retina, glomerular thiab fascicular zones. Txhua cortical ib feem ntawm cov qog adren altsim cov tshuaj hormones. Cov kab mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm:
- ntau tshaj mineralocorticoids, uas tswj cov nyiaj electrolytes hauv cov ntshav;
- adrenal hyperandrogenism;
- ntau tshaj catecholamines, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov qog malignant lossis thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab;
- ntau dhau ntawm glucocorticoids lub luag haujlwm tswj cov ntshav siab, tiv thaiv kab mob thiab metabolism.
Adrenals: hyperfunction thiab hypofunction
Cov khoom nruab nrog cev ntawm cov kab mob endocrine muaj ntau txaus los ntawm cov ntshav. Yog tias tsis muaj nws txoj haujlwm, lub neej ua tsis tau. Piv txwv li, ib tug tsiaj tuag ob peb hnub tom qab nws cov qog adrenal raug tshem tawm.
Hyperfunction thiab hypofunction yog ib qho teeb meem loj hauv lub cev. Kev txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog adrenal yog thawj thiab theem nrab. Thawj daim ntawv yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm puas irreversible txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub cortical tshuaj ntawm cov qog, thiab theem nrab tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm lub hypothalamic-pituitary system.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm adrenal tsis txaus yog cov tawv nqaij pigmentation. Nws pib tsaus, raws li txoj cai, ntawm cov hauv qab no ntawm lub cev: caj dab, caj npab thiab ntsej muag.
Hyperfunction ntawm adrenal cortex yog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntxov ntawm cov tshuaj hormones kev sib deev hauv menyuam yaus. Tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj menyuam ntxov ntxov. Cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia thaum cov tub hluas muaj hnub nyoog 4-6 xyoo muaj kev xav deev, hwj txwv loj hlob, thiab qhov chaw mos mus txog qhov loj ntawm cov neeg laus.neeg.
Hyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal nrog nce ntau lawm ntawm glucocorticoids tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov qog, uas provokes kev loj hlob ntawm Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome. Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav heev.
Kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm cov qog adrenal, zoo li hypofunction, feem ntau qhia tias muaj cov kab mob loj hauv lub cev, yog li tsis txhob quav ntsej thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, tab sis tham nrog tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Yuav ua li cas adrenal hyperfunction tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv kev sib deev tsis muaj zog?
Cov tsos mob hauv cov poj niam uas muaj cov tshuaj hormones ntau dhau yog raws li hauv qab no:
- pob txuv;
- daim tawv nqaij pigmentation;
- kev nyuaj siab.
Yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub tau kuaj pom tias muaj hyperandrogenism, hauv lwm lo lus, nce cov txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones, ces nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tas li los ntawm gynecologist kom tsis txhob nchuav menyuam. Feem ntau, rau kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no, kev siv cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm cortisol, uas txwv tsis pub tsim cov androgens, tau sau tseg. Tsis tas li, txhawm rau ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev ua ke no, cov vitamins ntawm pawg B thiab C, nrog rau cov kab mob tuaj yeem raug tshuaj.
Ntxiv rau, yog tias qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog ua ke raug cuam tshuam, cov poj niam yuav muaj teeb meem nrog kev xeeb tub thiab yug menyuam. Hyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal nyob rau hauv cov poj niam feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm clitoris, mob hauv siab, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis xwm yeem thiab txawm tias qhov loj me ntawm lub tsev menyuam..
Ib tug poj niam tswj kev yug me nyuam yuav tsum tautsum tsis txhob noj lawv kom normalize cov qog ua haujlwm. Feem ntau, yog tias tus poj niam muaj hyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal, nws yuav tsum tau hloov nws txoj kev ua neej, tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tau so zoo. Nco ntsoov noj kom zoo nrog kev ua txhaum cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub seb lwm yam kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qog adrenal tuaj yeem ntsib nrog cov mob li no. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob, kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob raws sij hawm ntawm hyperfunction ntawm cov qog ua haujlwm tso cai rau koj kom kho sai sai.
ua rau ntawm pathology
Muaj hyperfunction ntawm adrenal cortex vim yog kev ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntawm cov qog hlwb. Cov yam ntxwv no tshwm sim nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo lossis vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Adrenal hyperfunction tsis tshua muaj rau cov menyuam yaus.
Yog vim li cas rau nws tsim yuav txawv, tab sis feem ntau yog:
- Hyperplasia yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub caj pas ua ke.
- Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev: ntshav qab zib, rog rog, xeeb menyuam, ntxhov siab.
- Cov qog nqaij hlav cuam tshuam rau cov qog adrenal.
Symptoms of disease
kuaj mob yog ntes kom pom tias cov mob o thiab lwm cov pathologies ntawm cov qog adrenal, tab sis qee cov phiajcim txawm tias tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, nrog lawv cov kev ua haujlwm siab, tus neeg mob yuav hnov mob hauv plab, raug cem quav lossis raws plab.
Addison tus kab mob tshwm sim nws tus kheej raws li kev txo qis ntawm cov leeg pob txha thiab pob txha, cov leegqaug zog, hyperpigmentation ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias thiab daim tawv nqaij. Melanosis nyob rau theem pib tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm grooves thiab daim tawv nqaij folds, ces kis tau tus cwj pwm diffuse. Cov kab mob no tshwm sim vim qhov txo qis hauv kev tsim cov cortisone thiab aldosterone los ntawm cov qog adrenal thiab nce qhov tso tawm ntawm pituitary melanoform hormone.
Tab sis nrog Cushing's syndrome, cov tsos mob pom tseeb yog lub hli-puab, puag ncig lub ntsej muag nrog lub ntsej muag liab liab, thinning ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab tso cov rog ntawm caj dab. Feem ntau, kev nce qib ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav ua rau mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, vim tias pancreas tsis tsim cov tshuaj insulin tsim nyog. Nrog rau kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam, cov plaub hau muaj zog thiab nce ntshav siab tau sau tseg.
Tsis muaj glucocorticosteroids hauv lub cev provokes cov tsos mob ntawm hypoglycemia, poob phaus, hypotension, mob plawv thiab digestive system. Ntxiv mus, vim yog arterial hypotension, txo qhov loj ntawm lub plawv yog ua tau.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm adrenal hyperfunction
Ua ntej kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob ua ntej kuaj tus neeg mob thiab sau cov anamnesis. Tom qab ntawd nws xa nws mus pub ntshav thiab zis los ntsuas cov tshuaj hormonal thiab qib cortisol. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tau kuaj ultrasound thiab MRI.
Yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog endocrine ua haujlwm li qub?
Kev kho rau adrenal hyperfunction tuaj yeem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, yog tiasyog vim li cas rau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm lawv cov kev ua si hauv cov qog, ces, feem ntau yuav, kev phais yuav raug sau tseg. Feem ntau, tom qab ua haujlwm zoo li no, feem ntau ntawm cov tsos mob kho tau ntawm lawv tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev kho ntxiv.
Kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog ua raws li kev sib txuas ntawm glucocorticoids: "Cortisone acetate", "Hydrocortisone", "Dexamethasone". Ntxiv mus, poj niam thiab txiv neej cov tshuaj hormones xws li estrogen thiab androgen tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo kom txo cov ntsev kom tsawg.
tshuaj ntsuab npaj rau kev tsim cov tshuaj hormone ntau dhau
Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob chim thiab tso tseg yog tias koj tau kuaj pom tias "kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov qog adrenal." Kev kho mob nrog pej xeem tshuaj yuav pab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab mob endocrine no.
Rau lub hom phiaj kho mob, koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj lungwort, nplooj thiab stems uas tau tso cai rau noj tshiab. Nws muaj ntau yam minerals thiab vitamins. Ib decoction yog npaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no los kho hyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal, uas txhawb kev tsim cov tshuaj hormones.
Txhawm rau npaj cov tincture, koj yuav tsum npaj 30 grams ntawm cov nyom qhuav. Nws yog poured nrog boiling dej thiab sab laug kom txias kiag li. Ces lub resulting sib tov yog zoo lim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj tsawg kawg 4 zaug hauv ib hnub, 250 ml txhua, nyiam dua 30 feeb ua ntej noj mov. Lub sijhawm kho yog 2-3 lub hlis.
Txawm nroghyperfunction ntawm cov qog adrenal, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv ib tug decoction ntawm dub thiab dawb mulberries. Txhawm rau tsim cov dej haus no, koj yuav xav tau mulberry nplooj. Lawv yuav tsum xub ntxuav kom zoo, ces finely tws. Nyob rau hauv 1 liter dej, ntxiv 4 tablespoons ntawm crushed nplooj thiab ua noj tshaj li tsawg tshav kub rau 15 feeb. Cov sib tov txias tsuas yog yuav tsum tau lim. Nws raug pom zoo kom haus nws zoo li tshuaj yej li niaj zaus. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov saj, ntxiv ib diav ntawm zib ntab rau haus.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhim kho hyperfunction ntawm adrenal cortex, koj yuav tsum ua raws qee cov cai hauv kev noj haus. Nws yog tsim nyog tso tseg kev siv peas, chocolate, taum, cocoa, muaj zog tshuaj yej thiab walnuts. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab kev nyiam rau nqaij qaib yolks, dos, tshuaj ntsuab tshiab, tsev cheese thiab ci txiv apples.
