Ntau yam kab mob hauv kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov chaw kho hniav feem ntau dhau los ua qhov kev sim loj rau tus neeg. Xws li pathologies tsis tsuas yog lwj lub proportions ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab ib tug zoo nkauj luag, tab sis kuj yuav provoke kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem. Nrog kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm cov hniav, o, mob, mob thiab malocclusion tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov kev tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug anomaly. Hauv kev kho hniav, ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim yog khaws cia hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Hauv kab lus, peb yuav xav txog vim li cas qhov mob no tshwm sim thiab yuav kho li cas.
Qhov no pathology yog dab tsi?
Kev tuav cia yog ncua sij hawm ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab cov hauv paus hniav hauv qhov ncauj. Nrog rau qhov kev ua txhaum no, tus hniav yuav tshwm sim, tab sis yuav pom me ntsis saum cov pos hniav, los yog tsis loj hlob, tag nrho nyob rau hauv lub mucous daim nyias nyias. Yeej, qhov thib ob premolars, thib peb molars ntawm lub puab tsaig qis, nrog rau cov canines sab sauv yog raug rau tus kab mob no.
Kev tuav cov maxillary cone hniav yog ntau dua rau cov poj niam dua li cov txiv neej. Qhov no anomaly tuaj yeem yog unilateral lossis ob tog. Kev loj hlob retardation ntawm qis canines yog ntau dua.tsawg zaus. Qee qhov xwm txheej, tus hniav cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg nyob sib ze uas tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm, vim nws qhov tawg ntxiv lawm.
Kev tuav cov hniav ib ntus (mis) hauv cov menyuam yaus yog qhov tsawg. Raws li txoj cai, xws li kev ua txhaum cai yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov kab mob lossis cov kab mob loj heev thaum tawg. Kev ncua ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm fangs, incisors lossis molars tuaj yeem pom nrog cov qib hnyav ntawm rickets, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tus kab mob yog nrog los ntawm ib tug qeeb qeeb ntawm lub fontanel kaw. Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov hniav tuav, daim duab uas tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no, tsis pub dhau 6-8 lub hlis tom qab thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis xws luag.
Ntev tawg ntawm kev kho hniav: hom kab mob
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, kev tuav pov hwm yog ib qho kev tsis sib xws uas cov hniav loj hlob tuaj. Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm nws qhov tawg tuaj yeem ua tiav lossis ib nrab. Ib chav kho hniav, feem, cuam tshuam los yog semi-retinated. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog tag them nrog cov pob txha cov ntaub so ntswg los yog cov pos hniav, thiab dua li, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau palpation. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, ib tug pom ib feem ntawm ib tug semi-cuam tshuam cov hniav yog ib feem ntawm cov hniav, thaum feem ntau nws tseem npog los ntawm cov pos hniav.
Uncut units los ntawm qhov tob yog nrog cov pob txha thiab cov ntaub so ntswg immersion. Hauv thawj kis, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog nyob rau hauv lub puab tsaig, thiab qhov thib ob, hauv cov pos hniav.
Qhov chaw ntawm lub kaus mom thiab cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov hniav uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lub puab tsaig lossis cov pos hniav tuaj yeem yog:
- Nkauj,nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, angular. Lub axis ntawm canine lossis molar tsim ib lub kaum sab xis nrog ntsug uas tsawg dua 90 degrees.
- Vertical. Lub axis ntawm tus hniav yog nyob rau hauv ib txwm txoj hauj lwm, coinciding nrog ntsug kab.
- Kab rov tav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub axis ntawm lub cutter thiab lwm units tsim ib lub kaum sab xis nrog rau ntsug.
Qee zaum muaj qhov cuam tshuam rov qab, raws li txoj cai, cov no yog cov hniav qis dua. Tom qab tag nrho, tsuas yog lawv sab sauv yog tig mus rau lub cev ntawm lub puab tsaig, thiab cov hauv paus hniav - ntawm ntug alveolar. Kuj tseem muaj unilateral, ob sab thiab symmetrical tuav ntawm cov chaw kho hniav. Ntxiv mus, tsis tsuas yog lub hauv paus, tab sis kuj cov mis nyuj lub caij yuav tig tawm mus uncut. Ntawm lwm yam, nyob rau hauv kev kho hniav muaj anatomical retention, uas yog ib tug loj pab nyob rau hauv tuav lub prosthesis, thiab orthodontic.
Vim li cas ho tsis muaj canine lossis molar erupt?
Kev tuav pov hwm yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub puab tsaig lossis qhov tsis xws luag hauv kev tsim cov kab mob hniav. Cov kws kho mob hais tias qhov pathology no tau tshwm sim hauv ib haiv neeg uas muaj kev vam meej vim yog kev noj cov zaub mov mos thiab txo qhov peev xwm zom zaub mov. Kev tuav hniav tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog vim li cas hauv qab no:
- Kev pub mis tsis raug rau tus menyuam.
- Txoj kev tiv thaiv qis dua los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob sib kis.
- Kev ncua sijhawm hloov cov mis nrog cov chav nyob ruaj khov.
- Kev muaj cov molars supernumerary thiab lwm yam khoom hauv txoj kev ntawm cov hniav txiav.
- Txoj haujlwm tsis raug ntawm cov rudiments ntawm cov khoom ruaj khov hauv cov pob txha ntawm lub puab tsaig. Nrog xws li ib tug anomaly, lub crowncuam tshuam canine yog coj mus rau hauv paus ntawm ib tug hniav nyob ze, tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog nws eruptions, tab sis kuj nyob ze units.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas.
- Ntau cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hnab ntim hniav ib puag ncig lub kaus mom ntawm cov molar lossis canine.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm pathology
Kev tuav pov hwm yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim hauv kev kho hniav, uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm qee qhov cim. Nrog tus hniav cuam tshuam, ib tug neeg txhawj xeeb:
- mob hauv cov pos hniav, tawg mus rau lub tuam tsev thiab pob ntseg;
- kev puas tsuaj rau tib lub mucosal thaj tsam;
- hyperemia, loog thiab o;
- tsis xis nyob thaum qhib qhov ncauj lossis noj zaub mov;
- loos lossis hloov chaw ntawm cov chaw kho hniav uas nyob ib sab;
- kev tsis zoo ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo nrog o (ua npaws, qaug zog, ua daus no, mob taub hau);
- pom ntawm qhov txhab los yog cyst.
Third molars retarded
Hauv qhov ncauj, qhov tsis muaj zog yog "yim". Kev txawj ntse hniav tuav tau tshwm sim rau ntau yam. Cov khoom no yuav tsum tau txiav los ntawm cov pob txha, uas feem ntau ua rau qeeb ntawm lawv qhov tsos.
Qhov thib peb molar tsis tuaj yeem loj hlob thaum sib tsoo nrog cov nyob ze lossis tsis muaj qhov chaw, vim tias nws cov densified sab saum toj yog raus hauv cov pos hniav. Yog tias ib qho kev cuam tshuam raug txheeb xyuas, cov kws kho hniav qhia kom tshem nws. Qhov kev ncua sij hawm ntawm qhov tawg ntawm "yim" kuj tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lawv tshwm sim tom qab.lwm cov chav nyob thiab nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev kho hniav. Ntxiv mus, lawv qhov chaw nyob ntawm ib sab tsis raug kho los ntawm lwm lub kaus mom, vim li no lawv tsis loj hlob kom raug.
Feem ntau, cov canines ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv yog raug rau cov kab mob no. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov hniav no thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob retardation tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws lub axis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hniav, uas coincides nrog cov ntsiab lus tawg. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, feem ntau ib ntus canine uas tsis tau poob tawm nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm yog kuaj, uas tiv thaiv cov tsos ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Nws cov extraction feem ntau ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov chav nyob tas li. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub ntsiab lus semi-retinated siab, tus kws kho hniav tshem tawm plaub tus hniav tom qab.
Ib tug canine uas tseem tsis tau tawg tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv oblique lossis transverse txoj haujlwm hauv pob txha. Hmoov tsis zoo, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no nws tsis tuaj yeem pab nws txoj kev loj hlob.
ntsuas kho cov hniav tsis zoo
Kev tuav pov hwm yog ib qho kab mob uas nyob hauv cov kab noj hniav hauv qhov ncauj tsis tuaj yeem tawg tag nrho cov pos hniav vim qee yam. Kev kho mob ntawm cov teeb meem no yog ib txoj kev nyuaj heev uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kws kho hniav ntawm ntau yam tshwj xeeb. Kev ntsuas kev kho mob yog npaj rau txhua tus neeg mob sib cais, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw kho hniav thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev.
Thawj kauj ruam yog txiav txim siab seb puas yuav tshem tawm lossis tawm ntawm cov kab mob. Yog tias qhov khaws cia ntawm molar lossis canine raug kuaj pom hauv menyuam yaus, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb sim kho cov hniav los ntawm txhua txoj kev. RauTxhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob, cov pulses tam sim no, laser, massage, prosthetics lossis electrophoresis yog siv. Cov kev kho mob zoo li no ua rau cov chaw kho hniav loj hlob sai nrog kev pab cuam ntawm khaus.
Tus kws kho hniav tuaj yeem pab cuam tshuam qhov tshwm sim yog tias nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm raug thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau lwm cov hniav. Nws tsuas yog tshem tawm cov gingival hood nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj loog hauv zos, uas tiv thaiv nws qhov tawg. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, ib yam khoom uas tsis tshwm sim raws sijhawm raug tshem tawm.
Kev kho hniav tsis zoo: phais
Kev rho tawm ntawm cov hniav cuam tshuam yog ib txoj haujlwm tsis zoo thiab ntev. Ua ntej, tus kws kho hniav-tus kws phais muab cov tshuaj loog hauv zos rau tus neeg mob, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav cov pos hniav thiab tsim kev nkag mus rau chav kho hniav nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb (boron), tom qab ntawd nws tshem tawm tag nrho. Qee lub sij hawm nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov khoom, faib cov pob txha tsim ua ob peb ntu.
Tom qab tag nrho cov hniav tawg tau muab tshem tawm, cov tshuaj kho tau muab tso rau hauv qhov txhab. Ces tus kws kho hniav muab ib plooj. Nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev kom rov zoo tag nrho tom qab tshem tawm cov khoom cuam tshuam. Yog tias tsis muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, cov stitches raug tshem tawm tom qab 14 hnub.
Tom qab rho tawm ntawm tus molar thib peb, tus neeg mob hnov qhov tsis xis nyob ntev ntev hauv kev noj mov thiab txav nws lub qhov ncauj. o cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub puab tsaig rau ob peb hnub. Tom qab tshem tawm "yim", tus kws kho mob pom zoo kom tus neeg mob noj tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cojKev tshuaj xyuas ntau yam kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem.
Yau qhov ncauj tom qab cuam tshuam cov hniav rho tawm
Ntawm cov zaub mov tawv thiab ntxhib yuav tsum tau muab tso tseg tsis tu ncua, vim tias cov zaub mov zoo li no tuaj yeem ua rau lub chaw kho mob thiab ua rau raug mob, uas yog qhov txaus ntshai rau ntshav thiab kab mob hauv lub qhov. Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam qhov chaw uas cov hniav hniav nyob, nws yog qhov zoo dua kom txias nws me ntsis los ntawm kev haus dej khov.
Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum yaug lub qhov ncauj thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua tib zoo, thaj chaw tom qab phais, nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kws kho hniav qhia kom yaug kom txo tau cov txheej txheem inflammatory:
- Infusion ntawm St. John's wort, ntoo qhib tawv lossis chamomile;
- Brines;
- "Miramistin" lossis "Chlorhexidine", qhov siab tsis siab tshaj 0.05%.
Muaj Teeb Meem
Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau tshuaj kho mob thiab ua npaws. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw kho hniav, tus neeg mob yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov mob. Yog tias qhov tsis xis nyob tsis ploj mus li ob peb hnub, nws yog qhov zoo dua mus ntsib kws kho hniav kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem txaus ntshai, xws li alveolitis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kws tshaj lij thiab saib xyuas kev huv ntawm qhov ncauj.
