Qee tus poj niam confuse uterine dysplasia nrog erosion. Txawm li cas los xij, cov no yog ob yam kab mob sib txawv, txhua tus muaj kev phom sij rau nws tus kheej. Tsis zoo li erosion, nruab nrab dysplasia cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem multilayered ntawm lub epithelium. Thaum kuaj, kuaj pom cov hlwb hloov pauv.
Raws li lawv qhov xwm txheej, lawv tsis mob, tab sis yog tias tsis kho raws sijhawm, lawv hloov mus ua mob qog noj ntshav sai sai. Xws li ib tug kab mob muaj ob peb theem ntawm ntws, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej peculiarity. Cov theem kawg yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, txij li thaj tsam ntawm nws qhov swb npog yuav luag tag nrho cov qauv ntawm cov epithelium.
tshawb nrhiav thiab kho tus kab mob raws sijhawm, muaj qhov ntsuas tau zoo. Yog hais tias tus pathology khiav, ces cov teeb meem tuaj yeem txaus ntshai heev.
Tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus kab mob
Lub ncauj tsev me nyuam nruab nrab yog dab tsi? Lo lus nug no txaus siab rau ntau tus poj niam uas tau kuaj pom qhov no. Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav pathology nyob rau hauv uas cov txheej txheem epithelial nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam tau hloov pauv uas tshwm sim ntawm qib cellular. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, hlwb hloov lawv cov qauv thiab yog nquagKev loj hlob ntawm pathological nrog kev cuam tshuam tom qab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj.
Thaum lub sijhawm pathology, cov kab mob uas twb muaj lawm dhau los ua ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, kis mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ze.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv no yog hu ua dysplasia. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim thiab nws tau pom nyob rau hauv ntau tus poj niam txhua xyoo, vim li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tiv thaiv kom tau raws sijhawm.
Txoj kev ntws
Lub ncauj tsev me nyuam dysplasia yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws cuam tshuam 2/3 ntawm cov txheej txheem epithelial.
Cellular hloov pauv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau saum npoo, tab sis twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txheej. Daim ntawv no yog qhov txaus ntshai vim tias nws tuaj yeem txav mus rau theem 3 sai sai, ua raws li kev degeneration mus rau hauv qhov tsis zoo neoplasm.
Kev tshwm sim
Kev kuaj pom raws sijhawm ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm dysplasia thiab nws cov kev kho mob dav dav muaj qhov pom tau zoo. Nyob rau theem no ntawm chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob, thawj cov cim qhia ntawm kev ua txhaum cai twb tshwm sim. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo thiab tswj kev tiv thaiv ntawm qib uas xav tau, daim ntawv me me ntawm dysplasia tuaj yeem rov qab los ntawm nws tus kheej.
Qhov ua rau mob dysplasia yog qhov nkag siab zoo. Qhov no yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam uas provoke qhov pib ntawm pathology. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tib neeg papillomavirus. Los ntawm nws tus kheej, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog txaus, txawm li cas los xij, thaum ua ke nrog lwm tus, nws ua rau qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob. Kab mob vais lavpapillomas kis tau los ntawm kev sib deev thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv ib txwm nyob rau hauv 1.5-2 xyoos, tus kab mob no raug rhuav tshem ntawm nws tus kheej.
Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov mob me me dysplasia nce ntau zaus thaum muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntxiv, xws li:
- kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog;
- hormonal imbalance;
- kab mob ntawm cov kab mob genitourinary;
- nquag cev xeeb tub;
- pib pib ntawm kev sib deev;
- avitaminosis;
- genetic predisposition;
- tus cwj pwm phem.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam yaig tau nce ntxiv. Tus kab mob papillomavirus yog qhov txaus ntshai tshwj xeeb nrog rau lwm yam kab mob, xws li HIV lossis herpes.
Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb
Cov tsos mob thiab cov cim qhia ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam me me yuav luag tsis tuaj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias qee qhov xwm txheej asymptomatic ntawm tus kab mob tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus txog rau theem kawg. Hauv kwv yees li 10% ntawm cov neeg mob, cov kab mob no tau kuaj pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum lub sijhawm kuaj niaj hnub.
Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev me nyuam me me dysplasia yuav muaj qhov tso tawm, nrog rau qhov mob thaum sib deev. Tom qab kev sib deev, tej zaum yuav muaj paug tawm nrog cov ntshav. Tag nrho cov tsos mob no tsis qhia meej meej, yog li ntau tus poj niam tsis mloog lawv. Feem ntau, nrog dysplasia, cov tsos mob ntawm concomitant kab mob cuam tshuam. Cov kev tsis txaus siab tseem ceeb hauv qhov no yuav yog:
- xiav;
- kev muaj menyuam;
- hloov kev coj khaub ncaws;
- xav;
- kev muaj menyuam;
- kev faib;
- mob plab plab.
Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus siab no tshwm sim ib ntus, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis tuaj. Thaum lub sijhawm kuaj, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj pom cov tsos mob ntawm pathology txawm nyob rau theem pib.
Diagnostics
Thaum kuaj mob me ntsis dysplasia ntawm lub tsev menyuam, ntau txoj hauv kev siv los pab txiav txim seb muaj teeb meem. Thaum pib, tus kws kho mob gynecologist tshuaj xyuas lub ncauj tsev menyuam siv daim iav qhov chaw mos. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv hais tawm ntawm dysplasia. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem kuaj mob tau siv xws li:
- colposcopy;
- kev tshuaj ntsuam cytological thiab histological;
- immunological PCR txoj kev.
Colposcopy suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas lub ncauj tsev menyuam nrog lub colposcope. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag uas nthuav cov duab. Tib lub sijhawm, kev kuaj mob tau ua tiav. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog cov kab mob pathology txawm tias tus poj niam tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm ib yam dab tsi lossis cov tsos mob tsis pom.
Nrog dysplasia, kev kuaj cytological ntawm smear nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob tau sau tseg. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas qhov muaj cov hlwb atypical. Thiab tseem pom cov cim ntawm tib neeg papillomavirus kab mob. Qhov no yog ib txoj kev qhia ncaj ncees uas pab txiav txim siab txog txoj kev kho thiab tsim kom muaj tus kab mob.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb histological tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qib thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob pathology, nrog rau kom paub meej lossislos refute txoj kev loj hlob ntawm dysplasia mus rau ib tug malignant neoplasm. Nws raug nquahu kom ua raws li qhov kev tshawb fawb no rau txhua tus poj niam tom qab 40 xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kuaj ntshav kom ntxaws thiab cov tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Yog tias xav tias mob qog noj ntshav, yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj biopsy, uas suav nrog kev noj cov ntaub so ntswg.
Txoj kev kho mob
Kev kho mob ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam me me feem ntau nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus poj niam thiab lwm yam. Yog tsis muaj kev kho mob raws sij hawm, muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntawm kev hloov mus rau cov qog nqaij hlav.
Qee zaum, tej zaum yuav muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm pathology. Yog hais tias muaj trichomoniasis, chlamydia los yog gonorrhea, nws yog tsim nyog los nqa tawm txoj kev kho mob. Tom qab 3-6 lub hlis, koj yuav tsum rov qab smear. Yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tau ploj mus lossis qhov mob hnyav zuj zus, ces kev kho kom zoo yog muab.
Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav tshwj xeeb nrog cov mob me me ntawm cov epithelial dysplasia, kev kho mob yog ua los ntawm ntau yam kev phais. Rau qhov no, cov hauv qab no feem ntau yog siv:
- laser kho;
- cryosurgery;
- loop electroexcision;
- excision ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv;
- tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam nrog rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
Txoj kev ua haujlwm kawg yog siv tsawg heev, hauv cov xwm txheej siab tshaj plaws, thaum cov kab mob cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob lub neej.
Drug therapy
Thaum xub thawj, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj rau mob dysplasia. RauKev kho mob tau sau tseg:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob;
- suppositories tiv thaiv tus kab mob HPV;
- immunostimulants;
- vitamin complexes;
- tshuaj tua kab mob endocrine.
tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob tau txheeb xyuas. Cov tshuaj yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm suppositories los yog ntsiav tshuaj. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob kuj yuav tsum tau.
Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus neeg mob dysplasia, tsis hais qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Thiab tseem thaum kho, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj suppositories tawm tsam tus kab mob HPV, tshwj xeeb, xws li Acidum Nitricum lossis Papillocan. Cov khoom no muaj kev ua tau zoo, txawm hais tias lawv muaj cov khoom xyaw tshuaj ntsuab.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev tiv thaiv hauv zos, uas yog cov tshuaj suppositories nrog bifidus thiab lactobacilli. Piv txwv li, xws li "Laktovag", "Ginolact", "Acilact" tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, "Prodigiosan", "Isoprinosine" lossis "Interferon" raug tshuaj.
Raws li ib feem ntawm txoj kev kho mob, cov vitamin-mineral complexes tau siv, nrog rau cov tshuaj tsim los kho cov kab mob endocrine. Methyluracil tshuaj pleev yog tshuaj los txhawb kev loj hlob thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov hlwb noj qab haus huv.
Yog tias dysplasia tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hnub nyoog, ces Ovestin yog siv los txhawbkev tsim tshuaj estrogen. Kev kho mob ntawm cov mucosa puas yog ua los ntawm tus neeg mob sab nraud.
Thaum nruab nrab ntawm cov kab mob epithelial dysplasia tshwm sim, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv pab txhim kho tus mob thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob sib kis. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub.
cov txuj ci niaj hnub
Yog tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv kev noj qab haus huv lossis kev tshawb pom ntawm pathology tom qab theem, siv cov txheej txheem phais. Nrog rau nruab nrab epithelial dysplasia, qhov kev cuam tshuam yog nqa tawm raws li daim duab kho mob xav tau. Yog tias ua tau, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov txheej txheem kho vajtse niaj hnub uas pab tshem tawm cov kab mob, cov no suav nrog xws li:
- electroconization;
- moxibustion;
- xov tooj cua kho mob;
- photodynamic kho;
- cryolysis;
- laser tshem tawm.
Electroconization yog hais txog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ua haujlwm, uas txhais tau tias tshem tawm tag nrho cov kab mob. Hauv kev phais niaj hnub no, siv ntau yam kev tawm tsam ntawm conization ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau nrog lub tshuab tshwj xeeb, scalpel lossis laser beam.
Ntau focal dysplasia yog kho nrog cauterization. Txoj kev no yog pheej yig, yooj yim thiab siv tau. Cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam yog cauterized los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg tam sim no, vim tias txhua lub hlwb atypical raug puas tsuaj. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev tsim cov caws pliav, nrog rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom raugkho qhov tob ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Tubular adenoma nrog nruab nrab dysplasia yog kho nrog xov tooj cua yoj kho. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tsom mus rau pathological yog nqa tawm nrog kev pab ntawm cov nthwv dej ntau zaus. Nws raug nquahu kom siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov poj niam ntawm lub hnub nyoog yug me nyuam, txij li kev ua haujlwm ntawm menyuam yaus tsis raug kev txom nyem. Qhov zoo kuj tseem yuav suav nrog qhov tsis muaj mob, kho sai thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov mob hnyav.
Cryodestruction txoj kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm cov mob hnyav hnyav nrog cov kua nitrogen ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nov yog ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no uas tso cai rau koj kom sai thiab tsis mob tshem tawm cov kab mob kom pom tseeb.
Thaum tubular adenoma ntawm txoj hnyuv loj nrog qhov nruab nrab dysplasia tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xeev precancerous, nrog rau qhov mob loj heev, kev kho photodynamic yog siv. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog irradiate lub qog.
Cov kev kho mob no pab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua me nyuam thiab zam kom tsis txhob uterine resection.
Kev ua haujlwm
Nrog rau qhov nruab nrab squamous dysplasia, ua rau hauv daim ntawv tsis saib xyuas, lossis yog tias nws hem tias yuav tig mus rau hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, kev ua haujlwm kom tshem tawm lub tsev menyuam. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv yog:
- thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj;
- kev hloov mus rau daim ntawv phem;
- tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob los ntawm lwm txoj hauv kev;
- muaj kev sib haum xeeb.
Rau cov neeg mob uas muaj hnub nyoog muaj menyuamQhov kev xaiv kev kho mob no yog siv tsawg heev, tsuas yog nrog mob hnyav dysplasia. Yeej, cov kws kho mob sim khaws cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua me nyuam.
Kev siv pej xeem txoj kev
Nrog rau ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, pej xeem txoj kev tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo heev, txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem pabcuam tsuas yog tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob. Ntxiv thiab, nco ntsoov ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev npaj thiab siv cov nyiaj no.
Kev siv cov tshuaj ntsuab thiab cov nqi yuav tsum tau muab nrog cov tshuaj, tsuas yog qhov no yuav ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.
Brew 1 tbsp. l. qhuav celandine hauv 1 tbsp. boiling dej, cia sawv ntsug kom txog thaum cov kua ua lub teeb xim av. Lim, tsau ib lub tampon thiab ntxig rau hauv qhov chaw mos. Yog hais tias dysplasia tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm candidiasis los yog adnexitis, ces douching yuav tsum tau ua nrog cov tshuaj no.
Koj tuaj yeem siv cov roj celandine. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj nws yog tib yam li infusion, tsuas yog zaub roj yog siv es tsis txhob dej. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom tiav tom qab 4-6 teev. Soak tampons hauv roj thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw mos thaum hmo ntuj. Kev kho mob nrog cov khoom siv celandine tuaj yeem ua tiav tsis pub dhau 2 lub lis piam.
Thaum mob mob tshwm sim, tom qab yug menyuam thiab thaum cev xeeb tub, nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj pej xeem los kho.
Kev tshwm sim thiab teeb meem
Kev kuaj mob rau ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia yog ncaj qha ntsig txog cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm,tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv, nrog rau muaj cov kab mob sib kis. Qee zaum, kho tus kheej thiab rov ua tiav ntawm tus kab mob yog ua tau.
Yog tias tsis muaj sijhawm kuaj pom tus kab mob thiab kev kho mob nyuaj, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv daim ntawv tsis zoo hauv ib xyoos. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov chav kawm asymptomatic ntawm pathology thiab tsis pom qhov tshwm sim rau lub sijhawm ntev yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau dysmenorrhea, infertility, thiab oncopathology. Conization tej zaum yuav tsum tau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem. Kev phais yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv xws li:
- xiav;
- -ntau npaum li cas ntawm foul-tsw paug;
- scar formation;
- kev ua txhaum ntawm kev yug menyuam;
- kub nce;
- ntse mob.
Yog tias tus kab mob papilloma tsis raug tshem tawm, ces tus kab mob yuav rov zoo dua tom qab kho. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov mob ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab qhov quav yuav tshwm sim ntxiv.
Tus kab mob thaum cev xeeb tub
Nrog rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, nws muaj peev xwm xeeb tub thiab nrog cov kab mob, tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam rau lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam.
Thaum 2nd theem ntawm pathology tshwm sim, kev soj ntsuam ib txwm los ntawm gynecologist thiab kev yug me nyuam ywj pheej tau pom zoo. Cov neeg mob zoo li no muaj txhua txoj hauv kev rau tus kab mob kom txo qis nrog kev rov qab los tom ntej.
Nrog kev vam meej sai heev, kev phais conization tom qab suturing yuav raug qhia. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev rho menyuam tawm thiab yug ntxov ntxov. TxawmTom qab kev cuam tshuam, muaj peev xwm ntawm kev xa khoom yam tsis muaj kev phais.
Lub xeev cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem zoo li qub, yog li kev kho mob ncua mus txog rau lub sijhawm tom qab yug menyuam. Muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev xeeb tub, tab sis nws feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam teeb meem gynecological. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij hais tias, yog tias qhov nruab nrab dysplasia yog vim muaj cov kab mob hormonal, ces cev xeeb tub yuav yog hom kev kho.
Khoom noj khoom haus
Nrog rau lub ncauj tsev menyuam dysplasia, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau kho cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab qhia cov zaub mov rau hauv koj cov zaub mov li niaj zaus uas yuav pab tiv nrog beriberi. Nws tseem pom zoo kom ntxiv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov nrog zaub qhwv thiab zaub mov nplua nuj hauv folic acid. Cov vitamins yuav tsum tau muab rau lub cev tsis tu ncua thiab kom txaus.
Pom zoo kom ua raws li kev noj zaub mov raws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Txo kev noj cov carbohydrates thiab rog. Raws li ib qho ntawm cov tsiaj proteins, nws raug nquahu kom noj cov nqaij ntshiv, ntses, thiab nqaij npuas siab. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tso tseg cov dej qab zib thiab cawv, kas fes thiab haus luam yeeb.
prophylaxis
Raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob uas txaus ntshai tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob papillomavirus. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis yog rau cov poj niam nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov txiv neej uas tej zaum yuav muaj tus kab mob no. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv dysplasia. Raws li kev tiv thaiv, koj xav tau:
- txiav luam yeeb;
- pib sib deev tom qab 18;
- pab txhawb nqa thiabxyaum kev sib deev nyab xeeb.
Ib ntus nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kuaj tus kab mob papillomavirus. Yog tias nws nthuav tawm cov kev hloov pauv, koj yuav tsum rov ua dua tom qab 6-12 lub hlis, thiab yog tias qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, tom qab 3 xyoos.
Kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm poj niam
Raws li cov lus tawm tswv yim ntawm cov neeg mob, dysplasia teb tau zoo rau kev kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus kab mob tau kuaj pom thawj zaug. Ntau tus hais tias tus kab mob no teb zoo rau kev kho nrog xov tooj cua yoj kho. Tom qab ua haujlwm, tsis muaj caws pliav, tsis muaj qhov mob, thiab rov zoo sai sai.
Qee tus poj niam hais tias electroconization yog ib qho txheej txheem zoo. Cov txheej txheem tsis mob thiab siv sij hawm me ntsis. Lub sijhawm rov qab los yog luv luv. Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo kuj tsim nyog rau kev kho mob laser, vim nws yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws.
