Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg

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Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg
Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg

Video: Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg

Video: Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg
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Nerves yog cov pob txha ntawm lub paj hlwb. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cranial, uas yog, lawv tuaj ntawm lub hlwb. Ib qho ntawm cov hlab ntsha no yog trigeminal. Dab tsi yog qhov anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal?

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy
trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy

Cov paj hlwb trigeminal hauv nws cov qauv yog cov paj hlwb ntawm ib hom sib xyaw. Hais txog 5 khub ntawm cranial qab haus huv.

Nws suav nrog rhiab (afferent, centripetal) thiab lub cev muaj zog (centrifugal) fibers, vim tias qhov kev hloov pauv tau xa mus raws cov hlab ntsha no los ntawm ob qho tib si superficial (mob thiab kub) thiab tob (proprioceptive) receptors. Lub cev muaj zog innervation yog nqa tawm los ntawm lub cev muaj zog nucleus, uas innervates masticatory nqaij. Dab tsi yog lub cev ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal thiab qhov chaw ntawm nws cov ceg?

Npaj tawm ntawm lub hlwb ntawm lub pons. Tawm hauv lub hlwb, feem ntau nws dhau los ntawm lub pyramid ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv. Nyob rau ntawm nws sab saum toj, cov hlab ntsha faib ua peb ceg: ophthalmic (r.ophthalmicus), maxillary (r.maxillaris) thiab mandibular (r.mandibularis).

Npauj npaim no txaus siab rau cov kws kho mob viminnervates tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntsej muag. Heev feem ntau, nws cov kab mob tau pom thaum lub sij hawm hypothermia, raug mob ntawm lub ntsej muag cheeb tsam, thiab ib co kab mob ntawm musculoskeletal system.

Dab tsi yog lub cev ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal, nws cov ceg?

Nruas Nruas

trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy
trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy

thawj ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal yog lub paj hlwb ophthalmic lossis nervus ophthalmicus.

Qhov no yog ceg tawv tshaj plaws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal. Nws ua haujlwm feem ntau ntawm kev txais tos. Innervates ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hauv pliaj, qee qhov chaw ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv thiab parietal, daim tawv muag sab sauv, sab nraub qaum ntawm lub qhov ntswg, qee qhov sinuses ntawm lub ntsej muag pob txha thiab ib feem ntawm cov mucous ntawm qhov ntswg kab noj hniav.

Cov paj hlwb suav nrog txog peb caug qhov me me ntawm cov paj hlwb. Cov hlab ntsha nkag mus rau hauv lub orbit ntawm sab nrauv phab ntsa ntawm lub qhov muag ophthalmic sinus, qhov uas nws muab cov ceg tawm mus rau trochlear thiab abducens qab haus huv. Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub superior orbital notch, cov hlab ntsha muab faib mus rau hauv peb lub me me thiab thinner bundles - lacrimal, frontal thiab ciliary qab haus huv.

Lawv qhov chaw nyob ze rau lub qhov muag feem ntau ua rau lawv swb vim kev raug mob ntawm lub orbit lossis cheeb tsam supraorbital.

Cov paj hlwb ciliary, dhau los, tsim cov ciliary ganglion, nyob rau ntawm ciam teb ntawm sab hauv thiab nruab nrab peb ntawm cov paj hlwb. Nws muaj cov hlab ntsha parasympathetic xaus koom nrog hauv innervation ntawm cov qog ntawm lub qhov muag thiab thaj tsam periorbital.

Maxillary paj

Lwm ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal yog maxillary lossis nervus maxillaris.

Nws tawm ntawm kab noj hniavpob txha taub hau los ntawm lub qhov rais oval. Los ntawm nws, nws nkag mus rau pterygo-palatine fossa. Dhau hauv nws, cov hlab ntsha txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv infraorbital, dhau los ntawm qis orbital foramen. Tom qab dhau los ntawm nws, cov hlab ntsha hla mus rau hauv lub kwj dej ntawm tib lub npe ntawm sab phab ntsa ntawm lub orbit. Nws nkag mus rau lub ntsej muag los ntawm qhov qis orbital qhib, qhov twg nws tawg mus rau hauv me me ceg. Lawv tsim kev sib txuas nrog cov ceg ntawm lub ntsej muag paj hlwb thiab innervate ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv muag qis, daim di ncauj, thiab sab nraud ntawm lub ntsej muag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ceg ntoo ntawm cov hlab ntsha maxillary suav nrog cov hlab ntsha zygomatic, cov ceg ntoo alveolar zoo tshaj plaws uas tsim cov plexus ze ntawm cov hniav, thiab cov ceg ganglionic uas txuas cov hlab ntsha maxillary mus rau pterygopalatine ganglion.

Kev swb ntawm cov hlab ntsha no tau pom nyob rau hauv kev raug mob ntawm lub ntsej muag loj heev, neuritis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hniav thiab cov sinuses.

Mandibular paj hlwb

Qhov thib peb thiab feem ntau cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal yog mandibular lossis nervus mandibularis. Nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, nws muaj, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub sensory ceg, yuav luag tag nrho ib feem ntawm lub cev muaj zog cag ntawm lub trigeminal paj hlwb, los ntawm lub cev muaj zog nucleus, nucleus motorius, mus rau cov leeg ntawm lub puab tsaig sab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev npaj no, nws innervates cov leeg, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij uas npog lawv. Cov hlab ntsha tawm ntawm pob txha taub hau los ntawm lub foramen ovale (oval qhov rais lossis qhov), tom qab ntawd nws faib ua 2 pawg:

  • cov ceg tawv mus zom cov leeg - pterygoid leeg, temporalis; kuj innervated los ntawm musculus digastricus.
  • Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal ntawm nws ceg
    Anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal ntawm nws ceg
  • Cov ceg tawv nkag mus rau hauv cov mucosalub plhaub ntawm sab plhu, nrog rau hauv qab ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav. Ib feem, cov ceg no kuj innervate tus nplaig. Cov ceg loj tshaj plaws thiab ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo (hauv lwm qhov chaw, alveolar) cov hlab ntsha, dhau los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hlwb nrog cov hlab ntsha ntawm tib lub npe thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov kwj dej mandibular, qhov twg cov inferior alveolar plexus yog tsim.

Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias ceg no txuas ntxiv cov hlab ntsha trigeminal. Anatomy, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hlab ntsha no (cov qauv) thiab nws cov khoom (cov paj hlwb sib xyaw) tso cai rau peb los txiav txim siab txog cov ceg no ua lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws tsim cov inferior alveolar plexus, nkag mus rau lub mandibular kwj dej yuav suav hais tias yog qhov chaw ntawm nws txiav.

Kev kawm ntawm paj hlwb

Dab tsi yog lub cev ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal (cov qauv thiab cov ceg ntawm nws cov ceg)?

Cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal zoo ib yam li ntawm ib qho ntawm cov hlab ntsha qaum. Cov hlab ntsha trigeminal muaj qhov tshwj xeeb loj ntawm qhov - trigeminal ganglion. Qhov kev tsim no yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cranial fossa. Los ntawm txhua sab nws yog surrounded los ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm dura mater. Cov node muaj dendrites uas tsim peb ceg tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal. Cov paj hlwb rhiab heev nkag mus rau hauv nruab nrab ob txhais ceg ntawm cerebellum, qhov chaw uas nws kaw ntawm peb lub paj hlwb - sab sauv thiab nruab nrab, txhua tus muaj cov neurons tshwj xeeb. Lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov hlab ntsha pib los ntawm lub cev muaj zog nucleus - nucleus motorius.

Daim duab trigeminal paj hlwb
Daim duab trigeminal paj hlwb

Vim qhov kev npaj no, cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem raug rau ob leegntawm lub paj hlwb thiab ib puag ncig cov ntaub so ntswg, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tshwj xeeb yog txaus siab rau neurologists.

hom kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog dab tsi?

Kev mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal

Cov txheej txheem dab tsi cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsim no, thiab cov paj hlwb trigeminal cuam tshuam li cas?

Lub cev ntawm nws cov chav kawm predisposes rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm canalopathy - ua txhaum ntawm cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha hla los ntawm cov kwj dej los yog qhov, nyob ib puag ncig formations. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, kev paub ntawm topography ntawm cov paj hlwb thiab ib co tshuaj pleev ib ce tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog theem ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau nws thiab ua raws li kev ntsuas tsim nyog.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig. Feem ntau, cov qog hlwb cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha. Loj hlob, lawv pab txhawb rau nws cov compression thiab cov tsos ntawm ib daim duab kho mob tsim nyog.

Lub cev ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal (kev paub txog nws cov ceg ntoo thiab qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov projection ntawm lub ntsej muag) tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm cov paj hlwb thiab txhawb nqa lawv siv cov txheej txheem electrophysiological ntawm kev cuam tshuam, lossis, muab qhov chaw ntawm cov ceg, ua kom tsim nyog kho cov kab mob hauv qab uas ua rau pom cov tsos mob pathological.

Trigeminal exam

Kev kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha trigeminal yog ua los ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov rhiab ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas nws innervates, nrog rau tus neeg mob lub peev xwm los strain thiab so cov leeg masticatory. Txoj kev kawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog ua los ntawm palpation ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws tawm mus rau lub ntsej muag. Yuav txiav txim li casYuav ua li cas rhiab heev yog cov hlab ntsha trigeminal? Nws lub cev tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neurons rhiab nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij.

topographic anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal
topographic anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov rhiab heev yog ua nrog paj rwb ntaub plaub los yog swab soaked nyob rau hauv ib tug txias los yog kub tov. Mob rhiab heev yog kuaj los ntawm kov ib rab koob.

Kom xyuas lub cev muaj nuj nqi, tus neeg mob tau hais kom ua ntau lub zom zaws.

Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm pathology, muaj kev hloov nyob rau hauv rhiab heev nyob rau hauv ib los yog ntau tshaj zones ntawm innervation, los yog tus neeg mob tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom raug zom mov. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub puab tsaig mus rau sab uas cuam tshuam los yog cov leeg nqaij ntau dhau. Qhov nro hauv cov nqaij masticatory yog txiav txim los ntawm nias lawv thaum lub sij hawm zom.

Vim li cas koj yuav tsum paub topography

Topographic anatomy ntawm lub paj hlwb trigeminal yog qhov tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab. Paub txog qhov twg ceg hla, qhov chaw kho mob dab tsi yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws qhov kev swb thiab lawv tuaj yeem nyuaj li cas, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntawm qhov ntim thiab kev npaj kho mob.

trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy daim duab
trigeminal paj hlwb anatomy daim duab

Paub qhov chaw thiab chav kawm ntawm cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha no nyob ntawm lub xub pwg ntawm cov kws kho mob hlwb thiab cov kws kho mob hlwb. Nws yog cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb uas, feem ntau, tau ntsib cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha trigeminal. Anatomy (daim duab tau siv MRI) tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob thiab ntsuas qhov tsim nyog.

Thaum thawj lub cim ntawm swb ntawm ib qho lossisLwm ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha, koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav kev pab tam sim los ntawm tus kws kho mob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb tsim nyog los txiav txim qhov kev kuaj mob thiab kos cov txheej txheem kev kho mob.

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