Pathological tag nrho duplication ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam yog cov txheej txheem hauv cov poj niam qhov chaw mos, feem ntau tshwm sim thaum yug menyuam. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no qhia txog qhov txawv txav ntawm ob lub tsev menyuam ib zaug, nrog rau ob lub paum uas muaj ceg.
yam ntxwv ntawm lub xeev
Lub tsev menyuam zoo li ob npaug thaum lub fetus ripens. Qhov no yog yooj yim los ntawm qhov tsis zoo sab nraud cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ntu ntawm kab lus. Müllerian hlab nyob rau hauv lub xeev no ntawm kev ua me nyuam ntawm ib tug poj niam tsis ua ke. Raws li kws kho mob, qhov kev ua txhaum cai no tuaj yeem yog ib feem lossis ua tiav.
Qhov pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm pathology yog hu ua qhov ua ob npaug ntawm tsis yog tus poj niam lub tsev menyuam xwb, tab sis kuj nws qhov chaw mos. Lub cev raug cais tawm, thiab ob lub tsev menyuam, zes qe menyuam, ob lub paum, thiab ob lub raj tuaj yeem tawm ntawm nws.
Qee zaum, lub cev tuaj yeem raug cais tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos los ntawm lub zais zis, qhov quav, lossis tsuas yog nkag mus rau lawv. Nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas twb muaj lawm ntawm cov poj niam hauv nruab nrog cev, ob qho tib si tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li cov khoom nruab nrog cev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nrog tag nrhoduplication ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos, ib feem yuav loj hlob zuj zus tshaj qhov.
Tus kab mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim ib txhij nrog lwm yam kab mob hauv cov kab mob genitourinary ntawm tus poj niam. Qhov qhia tau tseeb tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm thaum kuaj pom cov kab mob pathological no yog kev hem thawj ntawm kev nchuav menyuam, nrog rau kev xeeb tub ntawm tus menyuam mus ntev.
Type of pathology
Cov kws kho mob tau txheeb xyuas 2 hom kab mob no:
- Pathology nrog rau qhov chaw mos aplastic tsis tiav, ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev xeeb tub (tsis tiav duplication ntawm lub tsev menyuam).
- Pathology yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntshav tawm thaum lub caij coj khaub ncaws.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg
Thaum kuaj pom muaj kab mob zoo sib xws, lub ncauj tsev menyuam thiab qhov chaw mos yuav tshwm sim, tab sis cov hom kab mob hauv qab no tau sau tseg:
- Ib lub cev nrog lub appendage-horn uas txawv hauv cov qauv. Cov kab mob hollow appendage tawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav nws lub luag haujlwm, tsis hais lub cev xeeb tub.
- Bicorne nrog qhov chaw mos thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam, tab sis nrog cim ob npaug.
- Lub eeb yam khoom nruab nrog cev sawv cev rau thawj theem ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm hom yav dhau los anomaly - lub tsev menyuam bicornuate. Nrog xws li pathology, hauv qab ntawm lub cev feem ntau deformed.
- Cov kab mob intrauterine septum faib lub cev ua 2 ntu nrog qhov tob sib txawv.
ua rau ntawm pathology
Feem ntau, kev mob ntawm hom no tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm embryogenesis, uas tej zaum yuav yog vim sab nraudcuam tshuam ntawm pathogenic, caj ces thiab endocrine yam. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam, cov ducts distal tau ua ke, VG-qhov thiab MT-cov qauv tsim. SH-ib feem tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntu caudal ntawm Muller ducts, cloaca, thiab urogenital sinus.
Nrog rau kev pom ob npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam hauv thaj chaw saum toj no, kev sib txuas thaum lub sijhawm embryogenesis tsis tshwm sim, ua rau qee qhov tsis zoo hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Qhov tshwm sim feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm kev mob ntawm cov zis.
Kev hloov pauv tsis zoo hauv kev loj hlob tag nrho ntawm lub embryo tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntau yam laj thawj:
- noj tsis txaus thaum cev xeeb tub, tsis muaj cov vitamins, uas lub embryo kuj raug;
- kab mob sib kis uas tus poj niam raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg ntawm cev xeeb tub, thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm embryo;
- noj tshuaj uas tsis zoo rau tus menyuam hauv plab;
- kab mob endocrine;
- mob toxicosis thaum pib cev xeeb tub;
- kev nyuaj siab;
- qaug cawv vim kev siv tshuaj phem, haus luam yeeb thiab cawv thaum cev xeeb tub.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub embryo tuaj yeem txhim kho tsis raug vim muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm kev xeeb tub, yog li nws tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob uas yav tas los muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv tsev neeg. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev feem ntau tau sau tseg nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntawm lub raum.
Cov tsos mob ntawm pathology
Rau lub sijhawm ntev, ob npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam yuav tsis tshwm sim nws tus kheej, thiab feem ntau raug kuaj pom thaum lub sijhawm kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob gynecologist. Koj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas thaum ua ultrasound scan, nrog rau thaum phais.
Cov ntxhais uas muaj ib feem ntawm SH aplasia muaj cov ntshav hauv lub tsev menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub. Yog li, qee lub sij hawm tom qab ua poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov ntxhais yuav muaj kev mob hnyav heev hauv plab plab, uas tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm nrog cov tshuaj antispasmodic.
Nrog rau kev tsim ntawm fistulous qhib, mucopurulent thiab ntshav secretions tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug bicornuate tsim uas muaj ib tug kaw ua hauj lwm horn, tom qab ib co sij hawm nyob rau hauv thaum yau, kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob nyob rau hauv lub plab mog yuav tshwm sim. Tag nrho lwm yam kev paub txog ntawm uterine duplication tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb.
Cov kab mob latent ntawm tus kab mob no feem ntau yuam cov poj niam mus ntsib kws kho mob poj niam cev xeeb tub rau kev tawm tswv yim, ua tus kws kuaj mob ultrasound, thiab tseem raug kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo los ntawm kws kho mob.
Algodysmenorrhea
Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum lub zes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm, thiab thaum lub tsev menyuam ob npaug. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev loj hlob ntawm ob lub cev xeeb tub hauv tus poj niam tsis cuam tshuam rau nws lub peev xwm los yug tus menyuam hauv plab yog tias lawv puv.
Tab sis qee zaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, xws li kev cog lus ntxov ntxov lossis kev xeeb tub. Xws li ib tug pathological mob ntawm lub tsev menyuam nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub qhia kev loj hlob ntawm metrorrhagia,Kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus, muaj teeb meem thaum yug menyuam, nrog rau lwm yam teeb meem loj sib npaug thaum cev xeeb tub.
Tus me nyuam hauv plab, kho nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub tsev menyuam, tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm decidua hauv nws qhov chaw nyob sib ze. Thoob plaws lub sijhawm rov qab los tom qab yug menyuam, daim nyias nyias yuav tsum tau muab tso tseg.
Yog tias cev xeeb tub hnyav, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hais kom txiav nws, uas cuam tshuam txog kev tshem tawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev.
Yog tias tus me nyuam loj hlob hauv ib feem ntawm lub tsev menyuam bicornuate, tus neeg mob yuav raug kuaj pom tias cev xeeb tub ectopic. Undoubtedly, xws li ib tug mob yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tus poj niam lub cev, vim los ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub horn.
YKev kuaj mob ntawm pathology
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, tus poj niam yuav tsis paub txog qhov muaj ob lub tsev menyuam rau qee lub sijhawm. Ib tug zoo xws li pathology manifests nws tus kheej thaum pib ntawm kev sib deev kev ua si, los yog thaum muaj teeb meem nrog cev xeeb tub feem ntau. Kev kuaj mob gynecological hauv cov poj niam feem ntau tsis qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw mos.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm pathology muaj cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no:
- Sau thiab kawm ib qho anamnesis los sau ua tiav daim duab kho mob ntawm tus kab mob.
- Ua tib zoo kawm txog cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov tsis sib xws.
- Kev kuaj gynecological uas pab txheeb xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm pathology, thawb tus poj niam kom zoo dua rau kev kuaj mob kom raug.
- Hysteroscopy.
- Vaginoscopy.
- Kawm txog poj niam qhov chaw mos los ntawm kev siv MRI thiab ultrasound. Cov no yog cov kev siv feem ntau uas tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas cov kab mob hauv txhua daim ntawv. Siv ultrasound thiab MRI, nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas lub raum agenesis thiab txiav txim siab qhov loj thiab qauv ntawm lub tsev menyuam. MRI ua rau nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv ua haujlwm.
- Kev kuaj ntxiv ntawm lub raum kom tsis txhob muaj kev txhim kho ntawm lawv cov kab mob.
- Colposcopy txhawm rau kuaj pom qhov txawv txav ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam. Yog tias nws ob npaug pom, txoj kev kuaj no tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas qhov chaw thiab qhov loj ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub cev.
Thaum mus ntsib kws kho mob
Ua tiav ob npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam feem ntau kuaj pom thaum lub sijhawm kuaj gynecological niaj hnub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas kwv yees li 40% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg mob kawm txog qhov muaj cov kab mob pathology vim yog kev kho mob tsis raug lossis vim yog kev ua tsis raug ntawm cov kws kho mob: kev tshem tawm tsis pom zoo ntawm cov appendages, bougienage ntawm lub tsev me nyuam kwj dej, thiab appendectomy.
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ua rau ob lub tsev menyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov ntxhais hluas. Yog li ntawd, thaum kuaj pom pathology thiab congenital anomalies ntawm lub cev xeeb tub, gynecologists xav kom ua tiav kev kuaj gynecological txhawm rau txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tsis zoo ntawm lwm yam kabmob. Feem ntau, txoj kev MRI yog siv rau qhov no, uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tiav tag nrho ntawm txhua tus poj niam.genitals.
Kev kho mob ntawm pathology
Thaum kuaj pom ob npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam, kev coj khaub ncaws tsis tu ncua, ib feem aplasia ntawm qhov chaw mos, kev phais yuav tsum tau ua. Tus kws phais ua ib qho kev phais nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm qhov chaw mos, tsim ib hom xov ntawm lub tsev menyuam kab noj hniav, muab ib tug outflow ntawm hematocolpos. Tus neeg mob tau teem sijhawm rau kev huv qhov chaw mos.
Laparoscopic kuaj tau ua kom pom tseeb qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tshem tawm cov ntshav uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam thiab nws cov hlab ntsha, saib tag nrho peritoneum.
Extirpation ntawm rudimentary uterus pab txiav txim siab qhov tsim ntxiv ntawm lub cev kaw los ntawm kev ua laparoscopy. Cov txheej txheem tso cai rau koj kom txuag tau lub raj mis, nrog rau lub zes qe menyuam.
Thaum ib lub septum intrauterine tsim, nrog rau cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev xeeb tub, tus neeg mob yuav raug muab tshuaj metroroplasty. Yog tias kuaj pom qhov sib npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam nrog ob sab aplasia, siv lub plab colpopoiesis thiab colpoelongation.
kev kho mob phais
Txoj kev phais kom ua ob npaug ntawm lub cev ntawm lub tsev menyuam yog siv los kuaj xyuas cov ntshav tsis txaus thaum cev xeeb tub. Nrog rau qhov kaw adnexal horn, tus poj niam yuav raug pom kom tshem nws. Uterine septa feem ntau tsis tas yuav muaj kev kho mob phais, tab sis tseem, kom tus poj niam muaj peev xwm yug tau menyuam rau yav tom ntej, txoj kev no siv tau.
Kev xeem los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij
Yog tias, ntxiv rau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob ntawm qhov chaw mos, tus poj niam tau pom tias muaj kev ua haujlwm txawv txavzais zis thiab ob lub raum, tom qab ntawd ntxiv kev kho mob yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm kws kho mob nephrologist, nrog rau tus kws kho mob urologist. Rau txhua tus poj niam, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum xaiv nws tus kheej, tshwj xeeb txoj hauv kev kho ob npaug, txij li lub cev xeeb tub ntawm cov neeg mob sib txawv muaj cov qauv anatomical txawv.
Raws li nws paub meej, ua tiav ob npaug ntawm lub tsev menyuam thiab cev xeeb tub yog yam khoom sib xws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov teeb meem raws sijhawm, nrog rau ua raws li tag nrho cov lus pom zoo thiab ua tiav cov kev kho mob tag nrho.
