Ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov zaub mov, tshuaj thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce, nrog rau cov tshuaj ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag keeb kwm hu ua kev ua xua.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, siv ntau cov tshuaj, tab sis txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws yog txhaj tshuaj hormonal allergy, uas pab kom tsis nco qab txog cov tsos mob tsis zoo rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Vim li cas txhaj tshuaj?
Kev qhia txog tshuaj los ntawm cov ntshav muab ntshav muaj ntau yam zoo:
- tshuaj nqus tau zoo.
- Kev kho sai thiab muaj zog.
- Muaj peev xwm siv tau rau cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem nrog plab thiab hnyuv.
Ntxiv rau qhov zoo ntawm kev kho mob, kuj tseem muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo:
- Kev txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb lossis kev pab kho mob.
- Ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim vim muaj bioavailability siab thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj rau tag nrhokab mob.
- Tsis tsim nyog siv ntau zaus.
- Tshuaj tsis yooj yim rau kev thauj thiab siv.
- Yog tias tsis ua raws li cov cai ntawm asepsis, suppuration yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw txhaj tshuaj.
Yuav siv tshuaj dab tsi rau kev ua xua?
Kev txhaj tshuaj Hormonal rau kev ua xua tshwm sim, raws li txoj cai, tau muab faib ua ntau pawg kho mob:
- YGlucocorticosteroid npaj.
- Desensitizers.
- Antihistamine txhaj.
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv lossis ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub cev mus rau ntau yam txawv teb chaws, ua rau lub xeev hyposensitization.
Qhov no suav nrog cov ntsev calcium:
- gluconate;
- chloride.
Thaum kev ua xua raug kho nrog kev txhaj tshuaj hormonal. Cov nyhuv antiallergic ntawm cov tshuaj yog vim muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm histamine thiab inhibition ntawm rhiab heev ntawm lub cev hlwb rau kev tsis haum tshuaj mediators. Kev siv cov calcium pab tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis haum - ua pob khaus, khaus, hyperemia, o. Cov tshuaj no yog hu ua cov kev kho mob ntxiv. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob txawv ntawm tsib mus rau kaum kev kho mob.
YCalcium chloride
Kev txhaj tshuaj ntsev yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau dhau ntawm calcium ions nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, nrog rau thrombosis thiab atherosclerosis. Thaum siv cov tshuaj, koj tuaj yeem hnov qhov kev xav ntawm tshav kub, uas tseem muaj calcium chloridehu ua "hot shot".
Muab tias cov tshuaj cuam tshuam rau kev sib cog lus ntawm cov leeg thiab kev sib kis ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses, qeeb ntawm lub plawv dhia thiab ventricular fibrillation (chaotic contractions ntawm myocardial cov ntaub so ntswg) yuav tshwm sim. Cov kev txhaj tshuaj no ua rau kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom muaj zog.
Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha nrog rau 5% kua qabzib lossis ntsev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev txhaj tshuaj tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas muaj qee yam kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse hauv kev txhaj tshuaj intravenous - txwv tsis pub, cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 70 rubles.
YCalcium gluconate
Cov tshuaj muaj tshuaj tsis ruaj khov - yog tias tom qab qhib lub pob muaj cov kua dej los yog flakes hauv cov tshuaj, cov tshuaj yuav tsum muab pov tseg tam sim ntawd. Cov tshuaj yog txhaj ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis cov leeg, yog li cov tshuaj siv tau hauv tsev.
txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj no raws nraim tib yam li cov tshuaj yav dhau los. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias calcium gluconate tsis pom zoo kom muab tso rau hauv ib lub syringe nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj. Qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj ncaj qha nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg mob thiab raug xaiv los ntawm tus kheej nkaus xwb. Yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj ib hnub twg. Hauv cov xwm txheej tsawg, kev txhaj tshuaj yog ua txhua hnub. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txawv ntawm 10 txog 190 rubles.
Histamine receptor blockers
Tshuaj, yooj yimNws lub hwj chim yog tsom rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob acid-dependent ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Nws yog cov blockers ntawm histamine receptors uas tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsis haum tshuaj hormonal tiag tiag - qhov spectrum ntawm kev ua yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm histamine-rhiab receptors. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv txo qis cov tshuaj histamine, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua xua.
Tom qab txhaj tshuaj, qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob txo. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj yog me me thiab yog sawv cev los ntawm cov tshuaj thawj tiam. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pab pawg no yog cov nyhuv sedative, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim nws tus kheej xws li lethargy, tsaug zog, nrog rau inhibition ntawm kev xav psychomotor. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab cov neeg uas nws lub luag haujlwm xav tau kev saib xyuas ntxiv yuav tsum txwv tsis pub muaj kev thauj khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj nqaim lub lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov kabmob ntawm cov zis, plab. Qhov kev cuam tshuam zoo li no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg mob uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm:
- Impaired tso zis ntau yam etiologies.
- Kab mob plawv thiab hlab ntsha.
Hyperthyroidism.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum kuaj cov tshuaj tsis haum, kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob raug tso tseg peb hnub ua ntej qhov kev sim. Thaum qhia lwm yam tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tau nyeem cov lus qhia kom zoo rau kev siv kom sib haum nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Dimedrol
thawj tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov khoom xyaw nquag yog diphenhydramine. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau ntuav. Tsis muaj hnub nyoogtxwv.
Kev siv cov tshuaj yog contraindicated nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nce rhiab heev rau lub ntsiab thiab auxiliary tshuaj. "Dimedrol" raug tso tawm raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 50 rubles. Yuav txhaj tshuaj hormonal dab tsi?
Tavegil
Tshuaj raws li clemasstin. Cov tshuaj muaj ib tug pronounced antipruritic nyhuv, yog li nws siv yog tsim nyog nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. "Tavegil" raug txwv tsis pub siv raws li hauv qab no:
- Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos.
- Rau cov kab mob ntawm txoj hlab ntsws qis, nrog rau kev mob ntsws asthma.
- Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg intolerance.
- Lactation thiab cev xeeb tub.
Ib koob tshuaj - ib ampoule. Ob leeg txhaj tshuaj thiab intramuscular txhaj tshuaj raug tso cai. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txawv ntawm 150 txog 350 rubles.
Y"Suprastin"
Cov tshuaj yog ib pab kho mob ntawm cov tshuaj uas yog blockers ntawm H-histamine receptors. Nws muaj cov nyhuv anti-allergic thiab siv los txo qhov hnyav ntawm kev ua xua. Lub ntsiab active ingredient ntawm cov tshuaj yog suav hais tias yog chloropyramine. Kev noj txhua hnub - tsis pub ntau tshaj ob ampoules. Contraindications rau kev tswj ntawm cov tshuaj yog zoo tib yam rau lwm yam tshuaj antihistamines. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txawv ntawm 100 txog 200 rubles.
YGlucocorticosteroids
Yuav tshem tawm kev ua xua tuaj yeem ua tauCov tshuaj steroid hormones los ntawm subclass ntawm corticosteroids uas ua los ntawm adrenal cortex. Kev siv cov tshuaj no yuav tsum ua kom ncaj ncees.
Daim npe txhaj tshuaj hormone:
- "Prednisolone".
- "Dexamethasone."
- "Diprospan".
Lawv tsis pom zoo rau kev siv yam tsis muaj ntawv tso cai los ntawm kws kho mob, vim tias kev siv tshuaj rau tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv loj:
- Hommon deficiency.
- kev coj khaub ncaws tsis zoo.
- Impaired absorption thiab siv cov piam thaj.
- YHyperglycemia.
- Cushing's syndrome.
- Sodium ion retention.
- Edema.
- YHyperglycemia.
- Nyob qhov hnyav.
- Alkalosis.
Kev hloov pauv hauv cov tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem ua rau qhov xwm txheej hnyav dua - ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm pob txuv thiab striae, pigmentation tsis meej, nce tawm hws, ua rau cov txheej txheem rov ua kom zoo dua. Thiab daim ntawv no tsis tiav. Nov yog qhov tshwm sim loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hormonal.
Lub spectrum ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ua xua yog vim qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas tshwm sim tom qab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj hormones nrog cov cell receptors tshwj xeeb thiab koom ua ke rau hauv deoxyribonucleic acid. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov protein hauv lub cev:
- Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov neeg sib haum xeeb txo qis.
- Lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog suppressed (ib tug complex multicomponent, kev koom tes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, induced los ntawm ib tug antigen twb lees paub tias yogneeg txawv teb chaws, thiab tsom rau nws tshem tawm).
Qhov txwv tsuas yog rau cov kev kawm luv luv ntawm kev kho mob nrog kev txhaj tshuaj hormonal yog ib tus neeg intolerance. Hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev kho mob mus sij hawm ntev, daim ntawv teev cov contraindications yog qhov dav dua.
Cov tshuaj yog muab tshuaj intramuscularly hauv daim ntawv ntshiab lossis nrog cov tshuaj infusion. Kev noj tshuaj yog txiav txim los ntawm tus kws kho mob nkaus xwb thiab nyob ntawm tus neeg mob.
Prednisolone
"Prednisolone" yog lub npe ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hormonal uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kev ua xua, uas tuaj yeem nyob mus ib txhis. Kev siv tshuaj yog txwv tsis pub thaum lactation. Cov poj niam hauv "txoj hauj lwm" kuj tsis pom zoo kom siv "Prednisolone" thawj peb lub hlis. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txawv ntawm 50 txog 110 rubles.
Dexamethasone
Cov tshuaj corticosteroid tshaj plaws. Qhov kev txiav txim loj hlob sai tom qab siv cov tshuaj. Kev txhaj tshuaj yog qhia rau kev tshem tawm cov kab mob ntev.
Cov tshuaj hormonal nrov tshaj plaws rau kev ua xua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov keeb kwm hormonal thiab tag nrho lub cev. Nrog rau "txoj hauj lwm txaus nyiam" yog xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov tshuaj no ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam hauv plab hauv plab. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj txawv ntawm 40 txog 180 rubles.
Diprospan
TshuajKev ua ntev ntev - cov cim qhia ntawm kev tsis haum tshuaj raug tshem tawm rau lub sijhawm ntev tom qab siv. Cov tshuaj yog siv nruj me ntsis intramuscularly, tom qab uas cov tshuaj maj mam yaj thiab absorbed rau hauv cov ntshav nyob rau hauv ob mus rau peb lub lis piam. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj nyob ntawm 180 txog 210 rubles.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev kho mob nrog tshuaj hormonal
Cov neeg mob uas muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj feem ntau xav paub txog cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj hormonal rau kev ua xua. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj.
Cov no yog cov tshuaj hormonal thiab tsis yog tshuaj hormonal. Muaj ntau ntau qhov kev xav sib txawv txog lawv txoj kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb, tab sis hauv qee lub tebchaws kev txhaj tshuaj tsis tshua muaj, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj heev lossis ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
tshuaj tiam thawj thiab thib ob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv ntau, thaum cov tshuaj niaj hnub ua tsis tau.
thawj tiam tshuaj suav nrog Diazolin, Suprastin thiab Dimedrol. Lawv muaj cov nyhuv luv luv, thiab qee zaus tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg cov hlab ntsha.
Tshuaj ntawm tiam thib ob tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha, thiab lawv cov nyhuv tuaj yeem kav ntev txog ib hnub. Cov tshuaj no suav nrog Loratadin thiab Astemazin.
Ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev kho no yog nws lub sijhawm. Ib chav kawm tag nrho ntawm kev kho mob tuaj yeem siv mus txog ntau yamxyoo. Kev txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov txheej txheem pathological nrog cov teeb meem tshiab tom qab txhaj tshuaj hormonal. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem hu ua lawv qhov tsis muaj kev tswj hwm.
