Kev ua pa tsis ua pa tshwm sim thaum bronchospasm tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, patency ntawm me me bronchi yog cuam tshuam. Bronchioles constrict, secretion accumulates nyob rau hauv lawv, thiab cov mucous daim nyias nyias swells.
hom ua tsis taus pa
Cov kws kho mob ua pa nyuaj feem ntau hu ua dyspnea. Qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev ua pa ua pa uas tshwm sim nrog ntau yam kab mob. Ua tsis taus pa yuav ua rau inspiratory. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua pa nyuaj. Hom dyspnea no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm lossis nrog kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws sab sauv. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim bronchospasm, tsub zuj zuj ntawm pathological secretions, qog uas ua rau cov hlab ntsws, mucosal edema.
Kev ua pa qeeb qeeb, thaum lub suab nrov me ntsis tuaj yeem hnov, yog lub cim qhia tias kev ua pa luv tau pib. Nws tshwm sim thaum cov mucous daim nyias nyias swells, secretions accumulates nyob rau hauv lub bronchioles, los yog obstructive tshwm sim uas impair lub patency ntawm me me bronchi.
Tseem muaj kev sib xyaw ua pa luv. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm.
Koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias ua tsis taus pa -inspiratory thiab expiratory - tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam. Yog li ntawd, txoj hauv kev los kho cov mob no kuj txawv.
Ua rau ua pa luv luv
Cov neeg muaj mob hawb pob bronchial lossis mob ntsws bronchitis nquag paub tias cov tsos mob twg nrog cov kab mob no. Ib qho ntawm lawv cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog qhov tsos ntawm ua tsis taus pa. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug qeeb exhalation, uas yog nrog los ntawm ib tug xuav. Lub hauv siab yog xyaum tsis koom nrog ua pa. Nws tas li nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm yam ntxwv ntawm inhalation.
Kev ua pa tsis zoo yog yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob xws li:
- bronchial hawb pob;
- bronchiolitis lossis obstructive bronchitis;
- mob ephysema ntawm lub ntsws, yam ntxwv los ntawm kev poob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg elasticity;
- bronchial hlav;
- COPD;
- pneumosclerosis ntawm lub ntsws.
Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub cev txawv teb chaws nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa. Tab sis thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub trachea thiab larynx, inspiratory dyspnea tshwm. Tab sis nrog rau qhov nqaim ntawm lub bronchus loj thiab trachea, ob qho tib si nqus tau thiab exhalation nyuaj.
yam ntxwv
Yog tias lub ntsws ua haujlwm tsis zoo, qhov ua tsis taus pa yuav tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, inhalation yog ib txwm ua, thiab exhalation yog nyuaj. Txhawm rau tso cov pa tawm ntawm lub ntsws, tus neeg mob yuav tsum ua kom muaj zog. Cov leeg ua pa pib ua haujlwm ntau dua.
Ntau yam yws ntawm qhov mob hauv siab. Kuj ua tautsim cyanosis ntawm daim di ncauj, daim tawv nqaij ua noticeably daj ntseg. Cov neeg uas muaj hom dyspnea no feem ntau muaj hws ntau dhau. Raws li qhov xwm txheej hnyav zuj zus, daim tawv nqaij yuav kis tau cov xim grey, tsis muaj zog nce ntxiv.
Txawm tias qhov exhalation nyuaj thaum lub sijhawm ua pa luv, tus neeg mob yuav pib mob hawb pob. Tab sis dyspnea tuaj yeem hloov maj mam. Qhov kev siv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua pa luv yuav nyob ntawm seb nws tshwm sim, nyob rau theem ntawm tus kab mob, muaj cov hnoos qeev.
Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hom dyspnea no, huab cua tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws, tab sis vim qhov o thiab spasm ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub bronchi, nws tsis tawm mus. Feem ntau qhov xwm txheej yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm kev sib sau ntawm cov mucus viscous.
Clinical signs
Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom nkag siab tias tus neeg mob muaj teeb meem ua pa. Txhawm rau ua tib zoo saib lub sijhawm thiab pom qhov pib ntawm kev tawm tsam ua ntej qhov pib muaj teeb meem, koj yuav tsum paub cov cim ntawm kev ua pa luv luv.
Ib yam tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas yog qhov ntev ntawm kev tawm. Nws yog noticeably nce. Qee zaum, nws lub sijhawm yuav dhau qhov ntev ntawm kev ua pa los ntawm 2 zaug. Exhalation yog nrog los ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv loj. Kuj tseem muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv lub siab intrathoracic. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm bulging thiab vau ntawm qhov chaw intercostal. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaum koj exhale, caj dab cov leeg pom.
Kev ua pa tsis ua pa yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm bronchial hawb pob. Nrog rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm tus kab mob no, koj tuaj yeem pom cov yam ntxwv lub thawv suab, uas tshwm sim vim muaj huab cua ntau dhau. Vim nws txwv kev txav mus los.diaphragm. Thaum tapping qee qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv siab, koj tuaj yeem pom tias ciam teb ntawm lub ntsws qis dua.
Tab sis muaj lwm yam cim qhia ntawm kev ua pa luv uas cov neeg tsis muaj keeb kwm kho mob tuaj yeem pom. Thaum koj exhale, koj tuaj yeem hnov lub suab me ntsis lossis lub suab nrov nrov (crepitus). Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem hnov los ntawm qhov deb.
Symptoms of disease
Vim tias kev ua pa luv luv yog qhov qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm qee yam kab mob ntawm txoj hlab pa, ib tus yuav tsum nkag siab tias tus kab mob yuav tsum txiav txim siab li cas.
Piv txwv li, yog tias tus neeg mob muaj mob bronchitis, ces nws cov yam ntxwv tsis yog tsuas yog kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm, tab sis qhov kub thiab txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg mob tau nce qaug zog, pallor ntawm daim tawv nqaij, acrocyanosis. Cov xim cyanotic ntawm daim tawv nqaij tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev nyob deb ntawm lub plawv: ntiv tes thiab ntiv taw, auricles, di ncauj, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg.
Tab sis feem ntau cov tsos mob no yog qhov qhia tias mob hawb pob tau pib. Expiratory dyspnea tshwm sim nrog exacerbation ntawm tus kab mob no. Feem ntau, nws pib thaum sib cuag nrog cov allergen. Tus kab mob yog raws caij nyoog. Tab sis kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum nqus cov pa luam yeeb lossis lwm yam khoom uas muaj ntxhiab tsw. Qee zaum exacerbation ntawm hawb pob yog txuam nrog kev ua kom lub cev muaj zog. Feem ntau tawm tsam pib thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tsaus ntuj teev.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov teeb meem
Ib txhiarooj plaub, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas tshwj xeeb kom nkag siab txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov ua tsis taus pa uas tau tshwm sim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai yog nws tshwm sim thaum yau. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, feem ntau pom muaj mob ntsws ntev nrog obstructive bronchitis. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab los ntawm tsev kho mob. Hauv ib lub tsev kho mob, lawv tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tsim kom muaj kev kuaj mob kom raug, tab sis kuj muab kev pab tsim nyog tsim nyog.
Koj tuaj yeem paub qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua pa luv nrog kev pab ntawm X-ray, ECG, ECHOCG. Nws kuj qhia tau hais tias kev kawm txog cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov ntshav. Cov qib ntawm bronchial obstruction yuav txiav txim tau los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntsws los yog ua pneumotachometry.
pab xub thawj
Yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg hauv koj ib puag ncig raug mob hawb pob, ces koj yuav tsum paub tias yuav ua li cas ua ntej kws kho mob tuaj txog. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, tus neeg mob zoo li no yuav tsum tau zaum thiab sim ua kom nws siab. Kev ntxhov siab ua rau muaj kev siv ntau ntawm lub plawv contractions thiab nce kev noj cov pa oxygen thiab ntau cov as-ham. Vim li no, lub sij hawm ua tsis taus pa yuav pib muaj zog ntxiv.
chav tsev uas tus neeg mob uas muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa nyob yuav tsum muaj qhov cua zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau cov av noo. Yog tias nws qhuav heev, nws raug nquahu kom muab lub lauj kaub lossis lub lauj kaub dej rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab qhib lub hau. Koj tuaj yeem dai cov phuam ntub dej lossis cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev kho mob
Yog tias qhov hnoos qeev ua rau ua pa luv, cov tshuaj bronchodilator tuaj yeem pab tau. Ntawmcov neeg muaj mob hawb pob yuav tsum muaj ib lub tshuab nqus pa ntawm tes. Cov neeg mob zoo li no thaum tawm tsam yuav tsum siv leukothyrene receptor antagonists, monoclonal antibodies, cromones. Yog tias tus neeg mob tsis tau txais kev kho mob tsim nyog, tom qab lub sijhawm nws yuav tsis tshua nkag siab rau bronchial dilators (cov tshuaj uas so cov leeg nqaij thiab pab txhawb lawv cov lumen). Vim li no, tus neeg mob yuav muaj kev tswj tsis tau ntawm qhov ua tsis taus pa.
txhawm rau txo qis, cov tshuaj xws li Salbutamol, Berotek, Ventolin, Metaprel, Fenoterol, Berodual, Terbutaline tuaj yeem siv. Tab sis txhua yam ntawm cov tshuaj no muaj kev phiv thiab contraindications. Yog li ntawd, xaiv cov tshuaj kom raug yuav tsum tau ua nrog tus kws kho mob.
Nrog obstructive bronchitis, inhalations kuj raug sau tseg, vim hais tias tus kab mob no yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm expiratory dyspnea. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev saib xyuas neeg mob nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yog muab lub txaj so rau tus neeg mob, txwv kev ua lub cev thiab npaj cov txheej txheem kho mob. Tus nais maum yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia tau ua raws.
ntsuas kev tiv thaiv
Qee zaum, nrog cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa, nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm kev tawm tsam. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm kws kho mob. Lawv boil rau qhov xav tau:
- tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb thiab lwm yam cwj pwm phem, zam kev mus xyuas qhov chaw uas muaj cov pa luam yeeb;
- txo qisraug rau cov tshuaj ua xua, suav nrog cov tshuaj hauv tsev;
- ua kom tawv, vitamin kho;
- rov xav txog txoj kev ua neej, mob siab rau sijhawm txaus kom noj zaub mov zoo thiab so;
- nrog kev loj hlob ntawm bronchitis, siv expectorants;
- thaum kis kab mob, siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo tiv thaiv thiab kev pib kho sai sai thaum muaj kev tawm tsam pab tus neeg mob kom tswj tsis taus pa. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub sij hawm tas sij hawm dyspnea tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa vim qhov nqaim ntawm me me bronchi. Kev kho mob yuav tsum yog tsom rau kev so kom cov leeg du.
