Tshuaj uas hnoos qeev rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus: npe, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, muaj pes tsawg leeg

2024 Tus sau: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 21:10

hnoos tsis ua haujlwm feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob sib kis thiab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa sab saud.

Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov tsos mob tsis zoo no, cov neeg mob laus yog cov tshuaj kws kho mob uas dilute cov kab mob zais cia. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lawv siv yog suav tias yog qhov txo qis hauv qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov hnoos qeev, cov nyhuv nruab nrab los tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv cov hnoos qeev los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov kab mob ua pa. Dab tsi tshuaj liquefy thiab tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev, peb yuav tham hauv qab no.

Yog vim li cas

hnoos nrog cov kab mob pathological tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qee cov txheej txheem, piv txwv li:

1. Bronchitis (ib kab mob ntawm txoj hlab pa, uas lub bronchi koom nrog cov txheej txheem inflammatory).
2. Pneumonia (mob ntawm lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg, feem ntau yog kis kab mob, feem ntau cuam tshuam rau alveoli thiab interstitial cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ntsws).
3. Kev tsis haum tshuaj.
4. Tuberculosis (ib kab mob kis los ntawm Mycobacterium tuberculosis thiab nrog los ntawm kev tsim cov granulomas hauv ntau lub cev).
5. Smoking.
6. huab cua tsis txaus.

YYuav ua li cas thiaj li ua kua qaub hauv lub bronchi

Txhawm rau txo cov viscosity ntawm pathological secretions hauv cov neeg laus, cov tshuaj feem ntau yog siv los ua cov hnoos qeev thaum hnoos. Hom tshuaj no suav nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yog txhawm rau nyias cov hnoos qeev, ua rau nws cov kev tawm tsam ntau dua, thiab txhim kho qhov mob ntawm tus neeg mob.

Cov tshuaj niaj hnub uas cov hnoos qeev tau muab faib ua ob peb pawg:

1. Tshuaj nrog lub hauv paus ua haujlwm.
2. Tshuaj nrog cov teebmeem peripheral.
3. Non-narcotics.
4. Tshuaj.

Mucolytic tshuaj uas hnoos qeev thaum hnoos tsis yog cov tshuaj uas siv hauv kev kho mob monotherapy. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau siv ua ke nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.

Tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig

hom tshuaj no yog tsom rau kev ua kom cov hlab ntsws thiab cov hlab ntsws ua paug. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm cov lus hauv qab no:

1. "Sinecode".
2. "Musobene".
3. "Acestin".

Sinecode

Cov tshuaj no tau sau tseg rau kev kho mob hnoos, uas tshwm sim nrog mob ntsws, tracheitis, hnoos hawb pob, lossis vim kev haus luam yeeb ntau zaus. Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshem tawm cov kab mob pathological, pab kom ua pa ruaj khov thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm spirometric. "Sinekod" yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm syrup, tee thiab dragees. Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yog butamirate citrate.

"Sinekod" yog cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws uas txo cov hnoos qeev hauv cov menyuam yaus (txij li peb xyoos). Cov kua qab zib tuaj yeem muab rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, vim cov tshuaj muaj sorbitol, uas tsis txwv rau cov neeg mob pawg no.

Txij thaum siv cov tshuaj hauv ib tus neeg tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog thiab qaug zog, thaum lub sijhawm kho yuav tsum tsis txhob tsav tsheb thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nyuaj uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas los ntawm tus neeg mob.

Acestin

Mucolytic tsim tawm hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj. Lub ntsiab active ingredient yog acetylcysteine. Cov tshuaj no pab ua kom cov kua qaub thiab cov mucopurulent pathological secretions nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas mob thiab mob bronchitis, nrog rau mob ntsws, kab mob los yog kab mob tracheitis, sinusitis, bronchial hawb pob.

Ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj no muab cov nyhuv tiv thaiv kab mob, tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, thiab pab detoxify cov khoom tsis zoo.

Nrog kev ceev faj heev, koj yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov hnoos qeev hauv cov hlab ntsws hauv cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus, nrog rau cov kab mob hauv qab no:

1. Y Peptic ulcer ntawm lub plab thiab duodenum hauvkeeb kwm.
2. mob hawb pob (mob inflammatory kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsws uas muaj ntau yam cellular ntsiab).
3. Obstructive bronchitis (diffuse o ntawm lub bronchi ntawm me me thiab nruab nrab caliber, tshwm sim nrog ib tug ntse bronchial spasm thiab zuj zus impairment ntawm pulmonary ventilation).
4. Lub siab lossis lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
5. YHistamine intolerance.
6. Headache.
7. Vasomotor rhinitis (ua tsis taus pa ntawm lub qhov ntswg vim qhov nqaim ntawm qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, vim tsis muaj vascular tone hauv cov mucous membrane).
8. Ib yam.
9. Esophageal varicose leeg.
10. Kev mob ntawm cov qog adrenal.
11. Arterial hypertension (siab nce ntxiv).

Thaum siv acetylcysteine (cov khoom xyaw nquag) rau cov neeg mob hawb pob bronchial, kev tso tawm cov kab mob pathological yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau. Rau cov menyuam mos, cov tshuaj tsuas yog muab raws li cov lus qhia ntawm qhov ntau npaum li 10 milligrams ib kilogram raws li kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Nruab nrab ntawm kev txais tos ntawm "Acestin" thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam ib ntus ntawm ob teev.

Peripheral tshuaj

Ib yam ntawm cov tshuaj no yog cov nyhuv nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub zos, uas ua rau ua rau khaus ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub ntsws. Cov tshuaj kws kho mob feem ntau suav nrog:

1. "Ambrohexal".
2. "Lazolvan".
3. "Libeksin".

Cov tshuaj twg zoo rau kev txo qis phlegm?

Ambrohexal

Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg suav nrog Ambroxol (cov khoom xyaw nquag), uas dilutes cov kab mob zais cia hauv cov kab mob ua pa thiab txhim kho nws tso tawm. Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj daim ntawv, nws yog ib tug zoo zam, ntxiv rau, nws yog sau tseg txawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog.

Qhov taw qhia tseem ceeb rau nws siv yog qhov swb ntawm sab sauv thiab sab hauv ua pa, uas tshwm sim nrog cov txheej txheem inflammatory thiab tso tawm cov hnoos qeev.

Ua ntej pib txoj kev kho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau kawm cov lus piav qhia. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau kev siv tom ntej:

1. Siv tshuaj rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ob xyoos, cov poj niam thaum cev xeeb tub tsuas yog tso cai los ntawm kws kho mob xwb.
2. Cov tshuaj tuaj yeem noj tom qab noj mov nkaus xwb: qhov no yuav txo lawv cov teebmeem ntawm lub plab thiab duodenum.
3. Thaum lub sijhawm kho tshuaj, koj yuav tsum haus cov kua dej ntau ntxiv, uas yuav pab txhawb kev ua kom lub cev tsis muaj zog.
4. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj no feem ntau yog plaub mus rau tsib hnub, nrog rau ntev hnoos qhuav thiab stagnation ntawm hnoos qeev nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, tus kws kho mob yuav ncua kev kho mob.
5. Pills mus zoo nrog lwm yam tshuaj. Tshwj xeeb, cov tshuaj no nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov hnoos qeev, uas pab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob.
6. Nws tsis pom zoo kom noj Ambrohexal tib lub sijhawm nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas ua rau hnoos, vimQhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov ntoo bronchial thiab lub ntsws.
7. Nrog kev ceev faj heev, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem siv nrog cov txheej txheem pathological hauv lub siab lossis ob lub raum, thaum nws tseem ceeb kom saib xyuas lawv txoj haujlwm tsis tu ncua.
8. Pills tsis cuam tshuam rau tus neeg mob lub siab thiab qhov nrawm ntawm nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv psychomotor.

Lazolvan

Cov tshuaj tau muab rau cov neeg laus thiab cov menyuam yaus txij li thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej, muaj ntau hom kev tso tawm:

• syrup;
• tshuaj;
• daws kev nqus pa thiab siv qhov ncauj;
• lozenges.

"Lazolvan" yog ib qho tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws uas hnoos qeev nrog hnoos qhuav. Cov tshuaj muaj ambroxol, uas nws nkoos cov hnoos qeev nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, thiab kuj txhim kho nws outflow thiab relieves hnoos. Cov tshuaj muaj benzalkonium chloride, ib feem uas, yog tias nqus tau thaum nqus tau, tuaj yeem ua rau bronchospasm hauv cov neeg mob siab.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm lub raum puas nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub cev, kev kho nrog cov tshuaj Lazolvan tsuas yog ua tau tom qab sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kws tshuaj pom zoo, cov tshuaj tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab thiab tsis ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj psychomotor.

Cov tshuaj yog categorically contraindicated nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog antitussive kev kho mobCov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov chaw hnoos hnoos hauv medulla oblongata.

Raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm "Ambroxol" cov tshuaj pharmacological ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau txhim kho, vim tias nws yuav tsim nyog los txo lawv cov koob tshuaj thiab sijhawm kho.

tshuaj tsis yog tshuaj

Cov tshuaj ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab hauv qab no pab cov hnoos qeev:

1. "Glauvent".
2. "Sedotussin".
3. "Tusuprex".

Glauvent

Cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj. Cov khoom xyaw nquag yog glaucine hydrobromide. Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev hnoos qhuav, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob sib kis thiab mob ntawm cov kab mob ua pa sab saud, nrog rau kev mob ntsws asthma, pleurisy, tuberculosis thiab mob ntsws cancer.

Siv "Glauvent" raug txwv tsis pub muaj cov hnoos qeev ntau ntxiv, nrog rau kev kub siab, tom qab myocardial infarction tsis ntev los no. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj rau cov hnoos qeev nrog kev tsim cov kab mob pathological, vim tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev khaws cia ntawm bronchial mucus, muaj peev xwm ntawm bronchial obstruction. Cov neeg uas muaj ntshav siab labile yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj nrog kev ceev faj heev vim tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib tsoo, uas yog vim muaj cov nyhuv sympatholytic ntawm Glauvent.

E110 thiab E124 dyes suav nrog hauv cov qauv ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj. Ib qho kev txhawb nqaCov tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj yog cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, uas yuav muaj gluten, tab sis tsuas yog me me xwb. Yog li ntawd, rau cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob celiac, kev siv tshuaj tsis muaj teeb meem.

Vim kev tsaug zog yuav tshwm sim, nrog rau kiv taub hau, qaug zog thiab qaug zog, cov neeg uas tsav tsheb thiab lwm yam tshuab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas ntxiv.

Tusuprex

Ib tshuaj los tshem tawm cov kab mob pathological hauv cov neeg laus yog tsim tawm hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj. Tusuprex muaj oxeladine citrate. Cov tshuaj no tshem tawm cov hnoos qhuav uas tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob zais cia.

Tshuaj rau cov hnoos qeev yog tus neeg mob muaj:

1. Asthma.
2. Bronchoconstriction.
3. Bronchiectasis.

Tusuprex tsis nyiam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tsis muaj cov npe loj ntawm contraindications thiab tuaj yeem siv thaum cev xeeb tub.

Direct acting tshuaj

Tshuaj los ntawm pab pawg no muaj kev cuam tshuam, raws li txoj cai, ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb, txo cov viscosity ntawm cov hnoos qeev thiab pab ua kom hnoos. Ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws yog:

1. Y"Codelac".
2. "Caffetin".

Caffetin

Cov tshuaj raug tsim tawmnyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab syrup. Cov tshuaj nquag ntawm cov tshuaj mucolytic yog: propyphenazone, caffeine, nrog rau paracetamol thiab codeine phosphate. Lub complex muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom muab ib tug zoo tso tawm ntawm pathological secretions, neutralization ntawm tshav kub thiab tsaug zog, thiab nce efficiency.

Vim muaj peev xwm ua kom ntshav siab, cov tshuaj no tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yog txwv tsis pub thaum nqa thiab thov tus menyuam mus rau lub mis, nrog rau leukopenia, hematopoietic ntshawv siab, nrog rau kev ua kom muaj zog ntxiv, raum lossis kab mob siab.

Kev siv tshuaj ntev ntev yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev soj ntsuam tas li ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub xeev ntawm daim siab thiab cov ntshav peripheral. Thaum kho, nws tsis pom zoo kom haus cawv, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau plab hnyuv thiab plab hnyuv los ntshav.

Thaum kev kho mob, haus cov dej haus uas muaj caffeine tuaj yeem ua rau xeev siab, mob plawv, ringing hauv pob ntseg, thiab lwm yam cim ntawm kev lom tshuaj lom. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm doping tswj hauv cov neeg ncaws pob, ua rau nyuaj rau kev txiav txim siab qhov kev kuaj mob hauv cov neeg mob uas mob plab. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hypersensitivity yog feem ntau raug rau cov neeg uas muaj quav nyab ua npaws lossis mob hawb pob bronchial.

Thaum siv tshuaj, yuav tsum tsis txhob tsav tsheb, nrog rau cov txheej txheem thiab koom nrog lwm yam dej num uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev kub ceevpsychomotor cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev mloog ntau ntxiv.

Zoo kawg

Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm cov pab pawg no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev noj ntau dhau. Yog li ntawd, yog tias tus neeg mob ntsib cov kev mob tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai sai rau lwm txoj kev kho mob.

Nrog txoj kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj, tus neeg yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev tsav tsheb lossis cov txheej txheem nyuaj.

Txawm hais tias qee qhov mucolytics yog cawv, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ke nrog cawv, vim muaj tshuaj lom rau lub siab thiab lub raum nce.

Nws tseem yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw uas ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntawm cov kab mob pathological tau muab los ntawm kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thiab muab xa tawm los ntawm cov khw muag tshuaj nrog kws kho mob cov tshuaj. Kev kho tus kheej nrog cov tshuaj no tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev quav tshuaj thiab tsis zoo tshwm sim.