Feem ntau ntawm lub sijhawm tus neeg siv nws ko taw. Upright taug kev yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas txawv tib neeg los ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb. Hmoov tsis, hnyav hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg feem ntau ua rau muaj ntau yam pathologies. Feem ntau cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities raug kev txom nyem. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, muaj ntau yam kab mob txuam nrog circulatory ntshawv siab. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog: varicose leeg ntawm qis extremities, atherosclerosis thiab endarteritis. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob no tuaj yeem txaus ntshai heev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj pib kho raws sijhawm thiab paub txog txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob, feem ntau, cov teeb meem tuaj yeem zam tau.
Ua rau pathologies ntawm qis extremities
Nkoj tau faib thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Ntawm ob txhais ceg, lawv yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab kev noj haus rau cov leeg, tawv nqaij thiab musculoskeletal system. Muaj 3 hom hlab ntsha: hlab ntsha, hlab ntsha thiab capillaries. Cov hlab ntsha loj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, txij li thaum lawv raug puas tsuaj, cov hlab ntsha loj tshwm sim. Cov no suav nrog femur,ntau dua- thiab peroneal, cov hlab ntsha popliteal thiab cov leeg.
Kev swb ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov qis qis tshwm sim rau ntau yam. Cov no suav nrog: caj ces, cuam tshuam rau lub cev, ntau yam kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha, cov txheej txheem inflammatory, kev ua neej nyob tsis muaj zog, ntev sawv, thiab lwm yam. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog:
- Hereditary predisposition.
- nce ntshav cholesterol thiab qis lipoproteins tsawg.
- Vascular anomalies.
- Nyob laus.
- tus cwj pwm phem.
- mob plab pathologies ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Tam sim no, txhua tus tuaj yeem them taus ua ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis. Qhov no yuav pab txheeb xyuas tus kab mob thiab pib kho nws raws sijhawm. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas yog tsim nyog rau cov neeg uas muaj cov xwm txheej uas tau teev tseg.
Nkoj ntawm qis qis: cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob
Kev kho mob tshwm sim ntawm pathologies ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob. Cov txheej txheem ntev nyob rau theem pib xyaum tsis ua rau lawv tus kheej xav. Yog li ntawd, cov kab mob feem ntau kuaj tau tsuas yog nrog kev loj hlob. Mob pathologies ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis tau qhia cov tsos mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ceg muaj xws li:
- Nyob nrawm thaum taug kev.
- Kev tshwm sim ntawm cov leeg ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm qis extremities.
- o ob txhais taw thiab ko taw.
- pab ob txhais ceg.
- Tshuajleeg nqaij contraction.
- Hloov ntawm daim tawv nqaij kub ntawm extremities.
- Tshuaj mob plab.
Thawj qhov cim ntawm tus mob feem ntau yog qhov tsis xis nyob thaum taug kev mus ntev. Ob txhais ceg, raws li nws yog, pib "buzz", uas yog, lawv tau nkees thiab mob. Cov tsos mob no yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntev tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities. Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj, lub sij hawm luv luv ntawm cov leeg nqaij leeg lossis ko taw tau pom. Cov tsos mob no tsis tshua pom, vim tib neeg feem coob xav tias tus mob no zoo li qub. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm ntawm cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev loj hlob ntawm pathologies xws li varicose leeg, endarteritis thiab vascular thrombosis.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob tsis saib xyuas muaj xws li: o ntawm txhais ceg, kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov tsos ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. Cov kev tshwm sim zoo sib xws tau pom nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si mob thiab mob ntev nyob rau theem tom qab ntawm tus txheej txheem. daj ntseg thiab txias qis extremities qhia tau hais tias ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ntws los ntawm atherosclerosis los yog thrombosis. Kev nce hauv qhov kub ntawm ob txhais ceg lossis ko taw, nrog rau qhov liab liab, feem ntau qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm tus mob pathology uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev cuam tshuam sai. Edema ntawm qis extremities yog pom vim stagnation ntawm lymph nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los yog thrombosis ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha.
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj mob hnyav, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob sai li sai tau thaum thawj cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm mob nyob rau hauv lub calf cov leeg thiab convulsions, nws yog tsim nyog los ua ib tug ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha (veins) ntawm qis dua.ko taw nrog dopplerography. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yuav pab txheeb xyuas qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ntws sai, txawm tias nyob rau theem pib.
Kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis
Cov hlab ntsha yog cov hlab ntsha uas coj cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm txhua lub cev. Thaum lawv puas lawm, cell hypoxia thiab lawv txoj kev tuag tshwm sim. Cov ntshav muab rau cov qis qis yog muab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral thiab cov ceg ntawm cov hlab ntsha no. Cov kab mob feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw distal ntawm ob txhais ceg. Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog:
- Atherosclerosis ntawm qis extremities.
- Angiopathies.
- Buerger's disease.
Cov kab mob zoo li no tshwm sim ob qho tib si los ntawm kev muaj caj ces, thiab vim kev ua neej tsis zoo. Txawm tias muaj tseeb tias lawv muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam, txhua qhov nosology muaj nws tus kheej txoj cai raws li ICD 10 kev faib tawm. Cov nkoj ntawm cov ceg qis yog suav nrog hauv ntu hauv qab tsab ntawv Askiv "Kuv". Ib qho ntawm cov kab mob ntau tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg yog Buerger tus kab mob. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm no pathology yog txuam nrog autoimmune vascular o. Yog vim li cas ua rau xws li ib tug mechanism tsis tau tsim rau hnub no. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm Buerger tus kab mob yog xws li ib tug formulation ntawm nosology li endarteritis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub sab extremities. Lub ntsiab predisposing yam nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem pathological yog haus luam yeeb.
Enarteritis feem ntau kuaj pom hauv cov txiv neej hnub nyoog nruab nrab thiab cov laus. Hmoov tsis zoo, tus kab mob no muaj kev kawm ntev thiab tsis tu ncua. Kev tshwm simpathologies yog raws li nram no: mob thaum taug kev thiab khiav, dryness thiab pallor ntawm lub distal ob txhais ceg, tingling hnov, txo cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm Buerger tus kab mob, lameness thiab ulcers tshwm sim ntawm ko taw lossis qis thib peb ntawm ceg. Cov neeg mob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem tsis tu ncua. Kev kho tus kab mob no tsuas yog ua haujlwm xwb.
Lwm kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov hlab ntsha yog ntshav qab zib mellitus. Raws li koj paub, cov teeb meem ntawm tus kab mob no hnyav heev. Nyob rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg theem, cov kws kho mob feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua amputation ntawm qis extremities thiaj li yuav cawm tau tus neeg mob txoj sia. Kev swb ntawm ob txhais ceg yog vim qhov tseeb tias ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm ntshav qab zib yog angiopathy. Ob leeg venous thiab arterial hlab ntsha raug cuam tshuam. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm angiopathy yog cov tsos mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ko taw, uas nyuaj rau kev kho mob nrog tshuaj.
Venous blood flow disorders
Muaj ntau yam ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav venous. Hauv qhov no, cov ceg qis feem ntau cuam tshuam. Qhov no yog vim qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm ob txhais ceg. Cov leeg nqa cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov leeg qis. Cov kab mob ntawm pawg no suav nrog varicose leeg thiab phlebitis. Ob leeg pathologies yog txuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha. Cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov leeg qis yog cuam tshuam rau hauv cov kab mob vasculitis, qee yam kab mob sib kis, thiab ntshav qab zib mellitus. Cov ntshav ncig hauv ob txhais ceg yog cuam tshuam vim pathological tortuosity ntawm cov hlab ntsha, stenosis thiab ovascular phab ntsa.
Obturation ntawm lumen ntawm cov leeg ua rau tsim cov trophic ulcers thiab cov ntaub so ntswg necrosis. Yog tias tsis muaj kev pab nyob rau lub sijhawm, gangrene ntawm cov ceg qis yuav loj tuaj. Feem ntau, necrosis ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm ob txhais ceg tshwm sim vim muaj kev nce siab ntawm cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav hauv ntshav qab zib. Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj yog vim li cas thrombophlebitis. Nws tshwm sim vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntshav txhaws hauv lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Thrombophlebitis tsis yog ib qho kab mob ywj pheej, tab sis suav tias yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm lwm yam pathologies. Ib qho piv txwv yog ntau yam kab mob uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws, tshwj xeeb yog sepsis.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov pom ntawm cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem yog vim cov hlab plawv pathologies. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub mechanism ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob yog zoo li lub pathogenesis ntawm lub plawv nres thiab mob stroke. Qhov txawv tsuas yog qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab. Lwm yam ua rau cov ntshav ntws tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qis qis suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntev ntev thiab kab mob oncological.
Cov tsos mob ntawm thrombophlebitis suav nrog ceg o thiab hyperemia. Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav khiav yog nrog los ntawm qhov mob hnyav, tsis yog thaum taug kev, tab sis kuj thaum so. Kev kho mob tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau ua kom txuag tau ceg ntawm kev txiav.
Atherosclerosis hauv qis qis: qhov tshwm sim
Hmoov tsis zoo, xws li kab mob xws li atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha tam sim no suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov neeg laus. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam yuav luag txhua cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev. Cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis yog tsis muaj kev zam. Atherosclerosis loj hlob qeeb hauv ntau xyoo. Pathology yog kev puas tsuaj rau sab hauvcov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov cholesterol plaques nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam cuam tshuam. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim tus kab mob no yog: rog rog, hnub nyoog laus thiab haus luam yeeb. Thaum noj cov zaub mov muaj roj ntau hauv cov ntshav, qib ntawm cov lipoprotein tsawg thiab cov roj cholesterol nce. Cov tshuaj no nyob rau hauv lub endothelium ntawm lub hlab ntsha thiab nqaim nws lumen. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov ntshav ntws hauv lub txaj arterial cuam tshuam. Ntxiv nrog rau kev noj zaub mov tsis raug, cov roj (cholesterol) siab kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm noob neej.
Tau ntau xyoo, atherosclerosis tsis ua rau nws tus kheej hnov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Tus kab mob no yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob circulatory mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub plawv, hlwb, qis extremities thiab lwm yam kabmob. Cov roj cholesterol plaques tuaj yeem kaw lub lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau ischemia thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, pathology feem ntau provokes kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntshav txhaws vim ntshav txhaws. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim txaus ntshai, ib qho ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha nrog dopplerography yuav tsum tau ua yog tias cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog thaum taug kev, cramps hauv cov nqaij nyuj, thiab chilliness ntawm ob txhais ceg tshwm. Tsuas yog nrog kev pab ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas, nws muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj kev kuaj mob ntawm atherosclerosis ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis qis. ICD 10 distinguishes no pathology raws li ib tug cais nosology, uas yog coded nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw ntawm cov hlab ntsha cuam tshuam.
kab mob varicose ntawm qis extremities
Muaj tseeb xws li cov leeg varicose paub rau yuav luag txhua tus. Kab mob nofeem ntau pom ntawm cov poj niam cov pej xeem ntawm nruab nrab thiab hnub nyoog laus. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, pathology yog nce zuj zus mus kuaj nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas. Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis yog txhua tus neeg nyiam qhov tseem ceeb rau tus kab mob no txawm tias cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog paub tias tus kab mob no muaj kev vam meej thiab muaj txiaj ntsig loj yog tias kev tiv thaiv tsis tau pib rau lub sijhawm. Varicose leeg tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Cov leeg nqaij ntawm ob txhais ceg, uas tsis tau pom ua ntej.
- Nyuam tom qab taug kev.
- Twisted veins and knots.
Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm varicose veins yog ib qho genetic predisposition rau cov kab mob no. Nws nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm ob txhais ceg, uas yog ua txhaum ntawm lawv elasticity. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias muaj kev pheej hmoo, pathology tsis tau pom nyob hauv txhua tus. Provoke varicose veins ntawm qis extremities tuaj yeem yog yam xws li lub cev tsis ua haujlwm lossis, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nyob tsis tu ncua ntawm ob txhais ceg, rog rog thiab cwj pwm phem. Tus kab mob no muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cov pej xeem, uas yog txuam nrog tsis tsuas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces, tab sis kuj nrog hnav khau nrog luj taws. Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov leeg varicose nrog kev pab ntawm ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha (veins) ntawm qis extremities. Cov teeb meem ntawm pathology yog ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ncig ntawm ob txhais ceg, ua rau mob plab thiab phlebitis. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm varicose leeg yog suav tias yog pulmonary embolism, vim tias qhov xwm txheej no ua rau tuag.
Hmoov tsis zoo, yog tias tus kab mob tau muab lawmpaub txog koj tus kheej, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los kho nws. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog txoj kev ua neej zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem nres qhov kev loj hlob ntawm varicose leeg. Rau lub hom phiaj no, ntau yam tshuaj thiab cov txheej txheem laser yog siv. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, kev kho mob phais raug sau tseg.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm cov kab mob qis qis
Kev kuaj kab mob vascular thaum ntxov los ntawm kev kuaj mob yog qhov nyuaj. Tom qab tag nrho, cov tsos mob thawj zaug ntawm xws li pathologies yog qhov tsis yog tshwj xeeb, thiab yog li ntawd tib neeg tsis tshua mus rau qhov chaw kho mob raws sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, niaj hnub no muaj ntau txoj kev ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas. Lawv tso cai rau koj pom cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha, ntsuas lub xeev ntawm lawv cov lumen, phab ntsa tuab, thiab tseem txheeb xyuas cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo.
Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj mob rau lub sijhawm ntev tau suav tias yog ultrasound ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Txoj kev kuaj mob no tsis tau poob nws qhov cuam tshuam txog niaj hnub no. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lwm txoj hauv kev niaj hnub tau tshwm sim uas tso cai rau kev soj ntsuam zoo dua ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab cov hlab ntsha. Hauv particular, duplex thiab triplex scanning ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm qis extremities. Cov kev tshawb fawb no txhim kho kev pom los ntawm cov hlab ntsha liab thiab cov leeg xiav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws kho mob soj ntsuam cov ntshav ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha siv Doppler ultrasound. Tsis tas li ntawd, suav tomography yog siv los kuaj mob thrombophlebitis.
txoj kev kho
Yog tias koj xav tias vascular pathology ntawm ob txhais ceg, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws phais. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis txhais tau tiastias cov kab mob tsuas yog kho tau los ntawm kev phais. Yog tias cov txheej txheem pathological tsis pib, tus kws kho mob tau sau tshuaj kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog tus kws phais yuav tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov theem thiab txiav txim siab seb puas yuav tsum tau phais lossis tsis ua. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho cov kab mob vascular ntawm qis extremities suav nrog:
- Drug therapy.
- Laser kho.
- Cryosurgery.
- Qhib kev phais ntawm cov leeg lossis cov hlab ntsha.
Nws muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis. Tom qab tag nrho, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev muab kev pab nyob ntawm seb yuav txhim kho cov txheej txheem pathological. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg mob tau mus ntsib kws kho mob sai dua, qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm kev zam kev phais.
kho mob thiab phais
Kev kho tshuaj yog siv rau thawj theem ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov leeg thiab cov hlab ntsha. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov vascular pathologies. Kev xaiv tshuaj nyob ntawm nosology. Hauv cov txheej txheem sib kis, siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Yog tias qhov ua rau cov ntshav khiav tsis zoo yog cov kab mob pathologies ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, cov tshuaj hormonal raug sau tseg. Nrog varicose leeg, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj pleev thiab gels kom ntxiv dag zog rau phab ntsa vascular. Cov tshuaj xws li tshuaj "Troxevasin", "Antitaks", "Ascorutin". Yog tias cov tshuaj no tsis pab, cov txheej txheem laser lossis cryosurgery raug muab.
Yog tias qhov ua txhaum ntawm cov ntshav ntws hnyav, kev phais mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm sab qis yog yuav tsum tau ua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog thaum lub lumen ntawm cov hlab ntsha lossis cov hlab ntsha yog ntau tshaj 50% obstructed. ATcov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav tsum tau stenting lossis shunting ntawm lub nkoj. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm qhov txhab thiab qhov dav dav ntawm tus neeg mob.
Tiv thaiv kab mob vascular
Kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum suav nrog kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab ua neej nyob. Kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li txoj hauv kev kom txo qis cov roj cholesterol hauv cov ntshav. Yog tias qhov no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav, cov tshuaj lipid-txo qis yog ntxiv. Kev mloog yuav tsum tau them rau kev taug kev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm tsis txhob ua phem rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nws kuj pom zoo kom hnav khau zoo. Ib qho kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb.
